Paul Ciniglio - Sustainability Strategist, First Wessex

Blake Lapthorn Green Breakfast Southampton, 22nd May 2012

About First Wessex:• Hampshire and Surrey based HA• 19,000 existing homes• £35m pa RR&PM spend• 1,000+ new homes under 2011-15 AHP• Part of Wayfarer consortium of HA’s

– Radian lead development partner• This presentation:

– Radian ‘Retrofit South East’ project– First Wessex BREEAM retrofit & Sunpower CO2ttage– New Build 2016 Carbon Compliance standards– Whitehill Bordon Eco-town update

• First use of 4% European Regional Development Funding (ERDF) for retrofit of social housing in 2009.

• £421,000 grant secured for programme of research to build low carbon retrofit capacity.

• ERDF project outputs related to retrofit business assistance provided to 85 SME’s.

• Partnership project:

‘Retrofit South East’ project

To retrofit or build a new community?

“An Ideal setting for a Council estate. This aerial picture of part of the Cranford Road estate shows the neat and airy spacing, with pleasant greens between the rows of houses. Although in complete contrast to the old town, with its splendid examples of Georgian architecture, this essential development is probably as tasteful as a Council estate can be”.

Local newspaper 1950

‘Retrofit South East’ project centrepiece (14 homes)

Solar street community + show home

• Modelled a 77% – 90% reduction in regulated CO2

emissions post retrofit.• Water efficiency improved by average 16% to 92 l/p/d.• 85% of waste was recycled off site under SWMP.• BREEAM domestic refurbishment pilot project.

Environmental strategy

How C88 was achieved, Show home full SAP modellingScenario SAP

2005Rating

EPC / SAP Band

AnnualRegulated

CO2 Emissions

kgC02/yr

Approx cost of measure £

PercentageReduction in RegulatedCO2 Emissions %

Baseline as extg (Gas) 49 E 5,868 - -+ 100mm Phenolic foam EW Insulation 69 C 3,461

10,50041%

+ Double loft insulation to 300mm thick 70 C 3,284

25044%

+ 50mm vertical floor raft edge insulation 71 C 3,219

1,75045%

+ A-energy rated windows and doors 73 C 2,792

6,00052%

+ Improved air tightness & heat recovery ventilation 74 C 2,650

3,00055%

+ New ‘A’ rated boiler & cylinder plus controls 80 C 1,965

4,50067%

+ 100% low –e lighting 81 B 1,923 250 67%

+ 2.1 kWp solar PV 91 B 972 9,250 83%

'+ Solar thermal 3msq 92 A 816 5,000 88%+ 20mm aerogel ground floor insulation 92 A 692

5,50090%

Sum of all measures 92 A 692 £46,000 90%

Continuity of insulation & air tightness

Before After

Before, REEMA panels After retrofit EWI -100mm

Air pressure test

Working with residents• 8 months lead in time / consultation period with residents.• Full time community liaison officer appointed.• On-site drop in office available throughout refurbishment.• Decant period was 10-12 weeks.• Community energy efficiency training and 1:1 home visits.

Research and dissemination• Retrofit pioneers group established.• SME retrofit network set up.• Mapping of regional retrofit exemplars.• Conferences, seminars and workshops.

Regional retrofit benefits study • Establish a market worth £460-850m/yr, on top of current RMI.

• Create 4,100 - 33,000 jobs in installation, supply and support.

• Enhance the asset value of regional homes by up to £22.4 billion.

• Liberate over £1 billion a year in energy savings.

• Take at least 360,000 people out of fuel poverty.

• Save up to £80 million on healthcare and up to 3,700 winter deaths.

• Save 3% of total regional water consumption.

• Future-proof homes against climate change impacts.

• Improve regional energy security.

• And cut regional carbon emissions by one fifth!

Retrofit sustainable finance Revolving Retrofit Guarantee fund

Through life emissions report release Retrofit v demolition and new build• Comparison analysed over 50 year period.• Advanced retrofit compared with:

– Traditional and timber frame construction– Building Regulations Part L 2010, Code 4 & ZCH 2016

• Emissions considered:– Embodied energy associated with new and existing

materials (‘locked in’), construction processes– The ‘in use’ emissions for heating and power

Through life emissions report cont’d…Comparison of Lifetime CO2e emissions over 50 years between build types

0 50 100 150 200

Brick & Block (ZCH 2016) 

Brick & Block (CSH Level  4)

Brick & Block (BRegs  2010) 

Timber Frame  (ZCH 2016)

Timber Frame  (CSH Level  4) 

Timber Frame  (BRegs  2010) 

Advanced Retrofi t 

Tonnes of CO2e 

Deliveries  by thirdparties  ‐ LGV

Deliveries  by thirdparties  ‐ HGV

Materials  ‐ Substructures

Materials  ‐Superstructures

Removal  of waste fromsite ‐ LGV/HGV

Site energy consumption ‐gas  oil

Site energy consumption ‐electricity

Site energy consumption ‐natural  gas

Landfil led waste

In‐use regulated energysources

In‐use appliances  &cooking 

Through life emissions report key findings

• Advanced retrofitted homes have lower emissions than a new home built to CfSH level 4 and ZCH 2016.

• Considering ‘all in’ costs for similar energy performance:– Advanced retrofit costs almost 40% less– A saving of approx £53,000 per dwelling

• Around 20,000 UK homes are demolished every year. If we retrofitted instead:– 422,500 tCO2/year could be saved,– Equivalent of 211,000 new homes.

Project Summary Report release Other Key learning points and findings

• Advanced retrofit is expensive but brings significant environmental, economic and social benefits over demolition and new build.

• Scaling up retrofit regionally has potentially massive benefits.• Understand the home, select correct whole house

strategy.• Follow energy design hierarchy and use proven innovation for

more positive carbon value / abatement outcomes. • Energy modelling and targets:– rdSAP is inadequate to model true benefits of advanced

retrofit.– kg/m2/yr or CO2/m2/yr makes a better target and gives

fairer comparison than % emissions reduction targets against baseline.

Project Summary Report Key learning points & findings cont’d…

• A community liaison officer is essential.• Briefing residents on energy efficiency requires a

sustained campaign approach.• Running cost savings of up to 60% post advanced

retrofit are possible (be circumspect on predictions given to residents).

• Always evaluate the social, economic and environmental aspects of the project.

• The construction industry needs to up skill and gain knowledge to sell new services - but where is customer demand?

Project Summary Report Key learning points & findings cont’d…

• Continuity of air tightness and insulation is key – detailing!• Ensure good Project Management

– sequencing of work, integration of trades and on-site quality control.

• Beware the hidden costs of retrofit – not only capital costs of work.

• ERDF / EU project management is very demanding.• The Green deal won’t work for C80 advanced retrofit• Improved resident comfort, well-being and satisfaction is

rewarding - Here’s what residents said…

Resident feedback:“It’s like having a new home on the same plot of land, they are so much warmer, before they were so cold and damp, we even had mould growing. It’s so much better now.”“ I’ve been running on solar again all day today!”“The bills are so much cheaper. Bearing in mind what sort of winter we have had, I was really surprised how much I’ve saved.”

• BREEAM domestic refurbishment pilot - Very Good rating

• 75% reduction regulated emissions• Measures applied:

– 500mm loft insulation– Cavity + 32mm IW insulation– MVHR– 2 x 1.35kWp PV (East & West)

• £30,000 on energy efficiency

1970’s End of Terrace, Fareham

• Cost: £30,000 for energy efficiency related works.

• Year 1 & 2 feedback on my home.• Over 400 visitors, many taking action!• Total emissions = 545kg year 1, 270kg

yr 2.• Running costs = £319 year 1, £274 yr 2.• ASHP £230 year 1, £190 yr 2.• Credit with FIT income +£511 year 1,

+ £658 yr 2. ☺• Water consumption 68 l/p/d. • Further details at

www.sunpowerCO2ttage.co.uk

Targets for new housing carbon compliance 2016

Introduction and standards• EcoHomes (obsolete EAM for new housing)• Code for Sustainable Homes (current EAM)• Interim report by Zero Carbon Hub (ZCH)• Recommendations of the Zero Carbon Hub

(ZCH) task group final report - future standard• Building Regulations 2010 (part L revision due

2013 and 2016 for compliance with ZCH)

CfSH Energy and Water – Mandatory minimum standards

Code Level Energy Water% better

than 2006 Building Regs part L*

Litres per person per day (predicted – see also part G)

1 10% 1202 18% 120

3** 25% 1054*** 44% 105

5 100% 806 Zero Carbon

(approx 141%)

80

*DER improvement on TER**

Same as Bldg Regs part L 2010

***

25% improvement on part L 2010

^Code 6

ZCH recommendations• Interim report considered 70% energy

improvement

• Final ZCH report concluded not possible in all cases

• Government has pledged to adopt ZCH final report findings in full through Building Regs by 2016 (further consultation to follow)

• By 2016 ‘Zero carbon homes’ – new definition!

• First Wessex is currently working in partnership with ZCH at Rowner, Gosport using TSB BPE funding.

Code 4 homes

ZCH recommendations cont’d…

• ZCH based on regulated emissions only– Code 6 covering unregulated emissions defunct – New standard overall is the equivalent of Code 5

• 3 steps to demonstrate ZCH compliance First two steps based on carbon compliance also known as Fabric Energy Efficiency Standards – FEES

– Step 1: Ensuring an energy efficient approach to design.

– Step 2: Reducing CO2 emissions through low & zero carbon technologies and local heat networks.

– Step 3: Mitigating remaining emissions through allowable solutions (off site)

ZCH recommendations cont’d…• Carbon compliance (steps 1 & 2) compared with

CfSH and Building Regs part L 2006– Detached house = min 60% improvement– Attached house = min 56% improvement– Low rise apartment/flat = min 44% improvement

(approx 25% above Part L 2010)

– All above therefore Code 4 compliant

• % improvement seen as confusing therefore move away (now an absolute as built limit rather than predicted at the design stage)

ZCH recommendations cont’d…• Carbon compliance can also be expressed in terms of

energy use– Approx 46 kWh/m2/year (detached and semi detached)– Approx 39 kWh/m2/year (mid terrace, flat / apartment)– Note that passive house standard is 15 kWh/m2/year

• Anticipated 2016 Building Regulations ‘built’ performance for carbon compliance on site– 10 kg CO2(eq) /m2/year for detached houses– 11 kg CO2(eq) /m2/year for attached houses– 14 kg CO2(eq) /m2/year for low rise apartment blocks (four storeys

and below).– (A 70% reduction would have equated to 6-8kg/m2/yr)

ZCH recommendations cont’d…• Allowable solutions (relate to off setting / mitigating emissions

off site between Carbon Compliance on site level and 100%)

• ZCH refer to a financial contribution of £75/tonne over 30 years (could typically be in range of £2,000-2,500 per home)

• Compliance on site with Code 5 = no allowable solutions payments

• Income could potentially be allocatedto energy infrastructure locally or retrofitting existing homes

Interesting ZCH implications• Averaging to achieve compliance across the development

recommended by ZCH (not all homes would need to meet CC)

• Weather assumptions for different UK locations may be considered

• As built in-situ checks for compliance (could be as much as 90% sample, post construction checking at forefront of ZCH report)

• Carbon intensity of the grid in coming years

• Opportunity exists to exceed compliance

ZCH and Localism agenda• ZCH advocate one standard throughout UK

• However, move away from national regulation standards towards local standards

• LA’s could potentially set higher standards / introduce standards sooner – ministers may want rigorous technical analysis on alternative

standards to maintain flexibility for house builders.– Local plans can potentially be used to set

higher standards but independently verified as sound proposals.

Projected ZCH extra costs over Building RegsCost of Carbon Compliance

Semi detached

Semi detached

Detached Detached

2010 prices 2016 prices 2010 prices 2016 pricesCapital costs over 2006 Building Regulations

£8,500 £4,800 £12,900 £7,600

Capital Costs over 2010 Building Regulations

£6,700 £3,500 £9,700 £5,400

Total cost of zero carbon (including allowable solutions)

Semi detached

Semi detached

Detached Detached

2010 prices 2016 prices 2010 prices 2016 prices

Capital costs over 2006 Building Regulations

£13,700 £10,000 £19,800 £14,500

Capital Costs over 2010 Building Regulations

£11,900 £8,700 £16,600 £12,300

Future role of the CodefSH• Future perhaps uncertain• DCLG are owner of the Code (licensed to BRE) and

Code will continue to operate this year• Likely to be revised to suit ZCH & changes to B Regs• As a holistic EAM operation expected to continue

(sets wider and more stretching targets over min standards)

• Regulators / public funders requirements not clear e.g. HCA

Code 6 homes

Issues: the town today

• Economic decline• Poor town centre• Disconnected town• Poor public transport links• Poor range of house types & tenure• Lack of employment and business opportunities• Need to protect habitats and species• Population

Future economic roles?

Whitehill Bordon needs to plan for economic growth following withdrawal of MoD by 2014/15.

Potential roles for Whitehill Bordon to focus on:

•Sustainable development & green industries

•Innovation and technology

•Tourism and leisure – South Downs National Park

•Technical skills training

•Employment

£12million DCLG funding received for quick win projects

Revised master-plan proposal map

4,000 new homes

New town centre

Employment

Preservedgreen space

Enhanced areas

High level objectives

• Carbon Neutrality - By 2036 the whole town should be carbon neutral.

• Biodiversity – The target is a net increase in biodiversity.

• Water neutrality – By using existing boreholes and wells and by reducing water usage and wastage we plan a completely water neutral development.

• Transportation – Our target is to reduce car trips to 50% by 2036 in the entire town.

• Economic Development – One local job per new household and jobs to replace those lost by the MoD withdrawal (5,500 in total).

Whitehill Bordon EcostationSTAGE D

One Planet Living

Early win housing projects:• Area based free loft and cavity insulation

programme – 1,100 measures completed

• LCCC funding:– 35 Eco-fit interest free revolving loans up to £10k

• Eco-fit loans phase II– 50 interest free loans

• Boiler ‘scrappage’ scheme – Pilot 20 x £500

• LEAF funding - £40,000– Focus on community of 95 solid wall pre-fabs

• Exhibition House• Eco-terrace - design competition

• Quebec Barracks – 100 homes, ZCH/Code 5

THANK YOU