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PATHOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF LONDON.

TUESDAY, DECEMBER 1ST, 1868.MR. SIMON, F.R.S., PRESIDENT, IN THE CHAIR.

DR. Muxegmsorr, on behalf of the Committee on MorbidGrowths, read a report on Mr. Wyatt’s case of diseased supra-renal capsules. Their structure was pronounced normal,but they were surrounded by rounded bodies projecting fromtheir surface, really accessories from the capsules, but pre-senting no trace of diseased structure.Mr. HULKE read a report on the facial tumour exhibited by

Mr. Weeden Cooke. It was chiefly corpuscular, in some partssomething like colloid ; on the whole it was rather like thestructure of the navel-string or vitreous humour than anythingelse. ’Mr. BusK exhibited some of the bones of a Fossil Rhino-

ceros found in a gravel pit in Essex. The animal was small,but aged, and of high antiquity. The tibia was diseased, pre-senting marks of chronic osteitis, perhaps rheumatismal. Theradius was enlarged, probably from the same cause. The samegentleman showed the tibia and part of the fibula of a bear,which had sustained a fracture, probably compound, resultingin a good deal of shortening. The animal had probably sus-tained the injury just before going into winter quarters. Therewere many diseased bones both in the caves of Gibraltar andin Belgium. In another bone shown by Mr. Busk there was awell-marked node.

Dr. MURCHISON asked if similar forms of disease wereknown to prevail among wild animals at the present day.

Mr. Busx could not exactly say as to animals in the wildstate. When confined they became extremely liable to disease,not, however, of the same kind as that described.Mr. ADAMS said the disease was not related to what we

called rheumatic arthritis, seeing that the latter originated incartilage, whilst this appeared to proceed from the periosteum,the cartilage not being affected.Mr. T. SMITH asked if the enlarged specimen had been

probed, as it looked as if it contained dead bone.The PRESIDENT remarked that these were the first specimens

of such an ancient date laid before the Society. Mr. COLES exhibited a living specimen said to be without I

radius and ulna on the right side. It was, however, discoveredthat all the bones were present on both sides, although in anextremely rudimentary form.

Dr. CAYLEY exhibited some microscopical specimens of theCerebral Arteries removed from a girl who died of apoplexy.She had been healthy, but was one day suddenly seized witha great desire to pass water, but could not for a time. Thiswas followed by pain in the head. She became unconsciousand comatose ; there was slight twitching of the muscles, andshe speedily died. In the left middle cerebral lobe, and in theventricle, was a large clot. The small arteries in the neigh-bourhood were hard, thickly studded with nuclei as of tuber-cle ; some also contained oil-globules. There was no meanshere, as in the liver and peritoneum, of distinguishing tuberclefrom inflammatory products.

Dr. C. BASTIAN said that such appearances had been oftenobserved in association with small aneurisms by Charcot andothers, generally, however, in patients of middle age. In onecase the individual was only twenty.

Dr. CAYLEY also exhibited a Femoral Aneurism which hadundergone a spontaneous cure, though it had led to the deathof the subject. The patient was aged fifty, and syphilitic.He was kicked in the belly by a horse in 1867 ; a tumourformed, which by-and-by increased and pulsated. Soon afterone formed in the thigh, and as this increased that in the bellydiminished. The tumour in the thigh was very painful, thepain darting down to the shin. By-and-by the pulsationabated, but oedema, gradually extended to the whole limb, andthe foot became gangrenous. The oedema ceased, but thegangrene remained stationary, the parts slowly separating.Erysipelas of the thigh and ankle set in, which greatly reducedhis strength, and he died exhausted. The tumour in the thighconsisted of the consolidated aneurism and a mass of horriblystinking pus, which had dissected out the vessels. Therewere two small aneurisms on the right side, and no sac aboutthe pus.Mr. W. ADAMS exhibited a specimen of Atrophied Scirrhus

of the Breast, from a married lady. Four or five years agothere was some pain, first on one side, then on the other. Thebreasts remained indurated for a time, but there was no enlarge-

ment. By-and-by they began to shrink, and the nipplesbecame retracted. About ten months ago pain in the legs

I began, ultimately ending in paralysis. The intellect was notaffected. The fifth and seventh nerves became affected, andthe cornea sloughed, whilst the face drooped. She died sevenmonths after her confinement to bed. The brain and cordwere alone examined ; they presented marks of inflammationonly.Mr. ARNETT asked if the axillary glands were affected, or if

there was any deposit in the brain.Mr. HULRE said he had only examined the specimen cur.

sorily. He thought they consisted of connective and yellowfibrous tissue merely. There were no cancer elements.

Mr. C. MOORE said it looked more like uniform degenerationof the entire mammas than a specimen of cancer.The PRESIDENT remarked that there were several points of

interest here. The question was not one of cancerous tumour,but of cancerous scar. He doubted if cancer ever affected ascar without going on elsewhere. Double cancer also, as inthis case, was extremely rare. Altogether he thought it mostprobably inflammatory. He could recall a case where thecancer withered from cold, but was found in the viscera. He

proposed to refer it to the Committee.Mr. T. SMITH said Mr. Paget, who attended the patient,

always looked upon the case as undoubtedly cancerous. Mr.Paget had seen another where he thought the atrophy wasconsummated.Mr. J. D. HILL had seen a case somewhat similar.Mr. W. ADAMS next proceeded to show and describe some

Syphilitic Tumours removed from under the skin of the Leg.They were apparently fibrinous. Many others were removedfrom the lady’s leg during the last seven years. A tumourappears, ulcerates, and slowly separates. Nearly the wholecellular tissue of the leg had been thus removed. Some of thepatient’s joints have suffered from syphilitic synovitis.

Dr. KELLY showed a specimen of Primary Cancer of theFemur. The patient, a shoemaker, complained of pain abovethe knee for some time, when he fell and snapped his thigh.The pain increased, and a large tumour could be felt, and with

care crepitation was detected. The thigh was removed, butthe patient died, apparently from exhaustion. There were inthe viscera several pyæmic deposits, but no cancerous masses.Behind the tumour was a large shallow groove for the vessels.-Referred to Committee.

Dr. KELLY also showed a specimen of Fractured Coracoid.The wheel of a loaded vehicle went over a man’s head andshoulder. He was killed. Both coracoid and acromion werefractured, and the ligaments were torn.

Dr. BEIGEL showed some Brain Sand from the ChoroidPlexus. The patient, a woman aged fifty-four, was epilepticand very weak, her intellect was diminished, and she waschoreic. The power of articulation was lost, and she diedcomatose. The choroid was cystic, and contained much sand.Similar masses had been found in the ovary, and even inhealthy urine.

Dr. WILLIAMS, jun., asked if there had been any chemicalanalysis of this sand.Mr. BusK said it had been found to consist of carbonate of

lime. He thought Mr. Rainey’s experiments explained itsformation.

Dr. WILKS remarked that one of the earliest specimensbrought before this Society was brain sand, with an analysisthereof by Dr. Quain. This sand only indicated furtherchanges in the brain, changes ordinarily associated with ob-scure brain symptoms.

Dr. BASTIAN had found, in several cases of inflammation of

the surface of the brain, sand throughout its substance.

Dr. Moxorr exhibited a specimen and drawing illustrativeof Tubercular Phthisis occurring at the base of the lung.This was exceedingly uncommon, for it was not pneumoniaoccurring in a person disposed to phthisis. He found a sug-gestion as to its causation in contracted patches with dilatedair-cells in the upper part of the same lung,-evidence of for-mer deposits in that situation.Dr. POWELL had observed, in a case where there was emphy-

sema with contractions, that when attacked by tubercle asecond time the base was implicated.Mr. LEGG showed a Dissecting Aneurism of the Aorta from

a man aged forty, who died in the streets. His pericardiumwas full of blood, the aorta dilated and torn transversely. Thecoats were separated upwards and downwards. In two placesthe aneurism opened into the aorta. A small opening throughthe external coat allowed the escape of the contents into the

pericardium.