pathogen: lyme disease
DESCRIPTION
✚. Pathogen: Lyme Disease General Info: : Lyme disease is the most common tick-borne disease in the Northern Hemisphere. Vector: The black legged deer tick Type of Pathogen: Bacteria Strategy: It lives in the belly of a tick and passes into a human after taking a blood meal - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
✚Path
ogen
: Ly
me
Dise
ase
Gene
ral I
nfo:
: Lym
e di
seas
e is
the
mos
t com
mon
tick
-bor
ne
dise
ase
in th
e N
orth
ern
Hem
isphe
re.
Vect
or: T
he b
lack
legg
ed d
eer ti
ckTy
pe o
f Pat
hoge
n: B
acte
riaSt
rate
gy: I
t liv
es in
the
belly
of a
tick
and
pas
ses i
nto
a hu
man
aft
er ta
king
a b
lood
mea
lPa
th o
f Tra
nsm
issio
n: It
is o
nly
pass
ed fr
om ti
ck to
hum
an.
Hum
ans u
sual
ly g
et a
bul
ls-ey
e sh
aped
rash
follo
win
g th
e tr
ansm
issio
n.
✚ Pathogen: Lyme Disease
General Info:: Lyme disease is the m
ost comm
on tick-borne disease in the N
orthern Hemisphere.
Vector: The black legged deer tickType of Pathogen: BacteriaStrategy: It lives in the belly of a tick and passes into a hum
an after taking a blood m
ealPath of Transm
ission: It is only passed from tick to hum
an. Hum
ans usually get a bulls-eye shaped rash following the
transmission.
Pathogen: CholeraType of Pathogen: BacteriaGeneral Info: diarrheal illness caused by infection of the intestine w
ith the bacterium Vibrio cholerae.
Symptom
s: profuse watery diarrhea, vom
iting, and leg cram
ps. In these persons, rapid loss of body fluids leads to dehydration and shock. W
ithout treatment, death can
occur within hours.
Strategy: travels through and releases toxins in bloodPath of Transm
ission: contaminated w
ater, food
✚Pa
thog
en: C
hole
raTy
pe o
f Pat
hoge
n: B
acte
riaGe
nera
l Inf
o: d
iarr
heal
illn
ess c
ause
d by
infe
ction
of t
he in
testi
ne
with
the
bact
eriu
m V
ibrio
cho
lera
e.Sy
mpt
oms:
pro
fuse
wat
ery
diar
rhea
, vom
iting
, and
leg
cram
ps. I
n th
ese
pers
ons,
rapi
d lo
ss o
f bod
y flu
ids l
eads
to d
ehyd
ratio
n an
d sh
ock.
With
out t
reat
men
t, de
ath
can
occu
r with
in h
ours
.St
rate
gy: t
rave
ls th
roug
h an
d re
leas
es to
xins
in b
lood
Path
of T
rans
mis
sion:
cont
amin
ated
wat
er, f
ood
✚
Pathogen: TyphoidType of Pathogen: Bacteria (salm
onella typhi)General Info: life-threatening, lives only in hum
ansSym
ptoms: high fever, headache, stom
ach pains, rash Strategy: m
ultiply and spread in bloodstream/intestinal
tractPath of Transm
ission: food/water contam
ination, eating/drinking m
aterial
✚Pa
thog
en: T
ypho
idTy
pe o
f Pat
hoge
n: B
acte
ria (s
alm
onel
la ty
phi)
Gene
ral I
nfo:
life
-thr
eate
ning
, liv
es o
nly
in h
uman
sSy
mpt
oms:
hig
h fe
ver,
head
ache
, sto
mac
h pa
ins,
rash
St
rate
gy: m
ultip
ly a
nd sp
read
in b
lood
stre
am/in
testi
nal t
ract
Path
of T
rans
mis
sion:
food
/wat
er c
onta
min
ation
, eati
ng/d
rinki
ng
mat
eria
l han
dled
by
infe
cted
per
son.
✚
Pathogen: E. coliType of Pathogen: BacteriaGeneral Info: E. coli is a large and diverse group of bacteria. Som
e are harmless, som
e are very harmful.
Symptom
s: diarrhea, urinary tract infections, respiratory illness, STEC infections are cause m
ore serious symptom
s.Strategy: once it enters your m
outh/stomach, it releases a
toxinPath of Transm
ission: ingestion of small am
ount of animal
feces
✚Pa
thog
en: E
. col
iTy
pe o
f Pat
hoge
n: B
acte
riaGe
nera
l Inf
o: E
. col
i is a
larg
e an
d di
vers
e gr
oup
of b
acte
ria.
Som
e ar
e ha
rmle
ss, s
ome
are
very
har
mfu
l.Sy
mpt
oms:
dia
rrhe
a, u
rinar
y tr
act i
nfec
tions
, res
pira
tory
illn
ess,
STE
C in
fecti
ons a
re c
ause
mor
e se
rious
sym
ptom
s.St
rate
gy: o
nce
it en
ters
you
r mou
th/s
tom
ach,
it re
leas
es a
toxi
nPa
th o
f Tra
nsm
issio
n: in
gesti
on o
f sm
all a
mou
nt o
f ani
mal
fece
s
✚
✚✚
Path
ogen
: Ant
hrax
(Bac
illus
ant
hrac
is)Ty
pe o
f Pat
hoge
n: B
acte
riaGe
nera
l Inf
orm
ation
: thr
ee ty
pes (
skin
, lun
gs, d
iges
tive)
can
form
sp
ores
Sy
mpt
oms:
blis
ters
and
skin
ulc
ers (
skin
), na
usea
, blo
ody
diar
rhea
, fe
ver,
seve
re st
omac
h pa
in (d
iges
tive)
, flu-
like
sym
ptom
s, sh
ortn
ess o
f br
eath
, che
st p
ain
(lung
s)St
rate
gy: R
espi
rato
ry in
fecti
ons a
re m
ost c
omm
on w
hen
the
spor
es a
re
inha
led.
Thi
s usu
ally
hap
pens
whe
n th
e sp
ore
is in
hale
d up
on ti
lling
ea
rth.
Path
of T
rans
mis
sion:
form
s spo
res
Pathogen: Anthrax (Bacillus anthracis)Type of Pathogen: BacteriaGeneral Inform
ation: three types (skin, lungs, digestive) can form
spores Sym
ptoms: blisters and skin ulcers (skin), nausea, bloody diarrhea,
fever, severe stomach pain (digestive), flu-like sym
ptoms, shortness of
breath, chest pain (lungs)Strategy: Respiratory infections are m
ost comm
on when the spores are
inhaled. This usually happens when the spore is inhaled upon tilling
earth.Path of Transm
ission: forms spores
✚✚
Path
ogen
: Pne
umoc
cocu
s (St
rept
ococ
cus p
neum
onia
e)Ty
pe o
f Pat
hoge
n: B
acte
riaGe
nera
l Inf
orm
ation
: gra
m p
ositi
ve, c
ause
s pne
umon
ia a
nd
men
ingi
tisSy
mpt
oms:
dep
ends
on
dise
ase,
hig
h fe
ver,
head
ache
, stiff
nec
k vo
miti
ng, l
ight
-sen
sitivi
ty, s
leep
ines
s (m
enin
gitis
) (pn
eum
onia
)St
rate
gy: T
his b
acte
ria is
nor
mal
ly c
omm
ensa
l, liv
ing
in h
uman
no
ses.
Whe
n it
mig
rate
s (ch
ange
s loc
ation
s) it
cau
ses d
iseas
e.Pa
th o
f Tra
nsm
issio
n: p
erso
n to
per
son
Pathogen: Pneumoccocus (Streptococcus pneum
oniae)Type of Pathogen: BacteriaGeneral Inform
ation: gram positive, causes pneum
onia and m
eningitisSym
ptoms: depends on disease, high fever, headache, stiff neck
vomiting, light-sensitivity, sleepiness (m
eningitis) (pneumonia)
Strategy: This bacteria is normally com
mensal, living in hum
an noses. W
hen it migrates (changes locations) it causes disease.
Path of Transmission: person to person
✚✚
Path
ogen
: Ade
novi
rus
Type
of P
atho
gen:
Viru
sGe
nera
l Inf
orm
ation
:Sy
mpt
oms:
cold
s, so
re th
roat
, bro
nchi
tis d
iarr
hea,
con
junc
tivits
is (e
ye in
fecti
on)
Stra
tegy
: Nak
ed D
NA,
has
to k
ill th
e ce
ll to
leav
e, b
ut tr
avel
s eas
ilyPa
th o
f Tra
nsm
issio
n: p
erso
n to
per
son
trou
gh c
ough
ing,
sn
eezin
g or
touc
hing
surf
aces
con
tam
inat
ed w
ith a
deno
viru
s
Pathogen: AdenovirusType of Pathogen: VirusGeneral Inform
ation:Sym
ptoms: colds, sore throat, bronchitis diarrhea, conjunctivitsis
(eye infection)Strategy: N
aked DNA, has to kill the cell to leave, but travels easily
Path of Transmission: person to person trough coughing,
sneezing or touching surfaces contaminated w
ith adenovirus
✚✚
Path
ogen
: Pa
pillo
mav
irus
Type
of P
atho
gen:
Viru
sGe
nera
l Inf
orm
ation
: Hum
an P
apill
omav
irus (
HPV)
is th
e m
ost
com
mon
sexu
ally
tran
smitt
ed d
iseas
eSy
mpt
oms:
gen
ital w
arts
, war
ts in
thro
atSt
rate
gy: n
aked
with
skin
Path
of T
rans
mis
sion:
gen
ital c
onta
ct, s
kin
to sk
in c
onta
ct
Pathogen: Papillomavirus
Type of Pathogen: VirusGeneral Inform
ation: Human Papillom
avirus (HPV) is the most
comm
on sexually transmitted disease
Symptom
s: genital warts, w
arts in throatStrategy: naked w
ith skinPath of Transm
ission: genital contact, skin to skin contact
✚✚
Path
ogen
: Her
pes
Type
of P
atho
gen:
Viru
sGe
nera
l Inf
orm
ation
: Vira
l dise
ase
caus
ed b
y he
rpes
sim
plex
viru
s ty
pe 1
(HSV
-1) a
nd ty
pe 2
(HSV
-2) O
ral h
erpe
s Sy
mpt
oms:
cold
sore
s/ fe
ver b
liste
rs o
n m
outh
or g
enita
lsSt
rate
gy: e
nvel
oped
viru
s, fu
ses w
ith c
ell m
embr
ane
Path
of T
rans
miss
ion:
skin
to sk
in c
onta
ct
Pathogen: HerpesType of Pathogen:VirusGeneral Inform
ation: Viral disease caused by herpes simplex virus
type 1 (HSV-1) and type 2 (HSV-2) Oral herpes
Symptom
s: cold sores/ fever blisters on mouth or genitals
Strategy: enveloped virus, fuses with cell m
embrane
Path of Transmission: skin to skin contact
✚✚
Path
ogen
: pox
viru
s (sm
allp
ox)
Type
of P
atho
gen:
viru
sGe
nera
l Inf
orm
ation
: affe
cts v
erte
brat
es a
nd in
vert
ebra
tes,
ca
uses
smal
lpox
and
chi
cken
pox
Sym
ptom
s: re
d sp
otted
rash
, pus
tula
r ras
h an
d sc
abbi
ngSt
rate
gy: e
ndoc
ytos
is by
hos
t cel
ls in
the
air w
ayPa
th o
f Tra
nsm
issio
n: fa
ce-to
-face
con
tact
Pathogen: poxvirus (smallpox)
Type of Pathogen: virusGeneral Inform
ation: affects vertebrates and invertebrates, causes sm
allpox and chicken poxSym
ptoms: red spotted rash, pustular rash and scabbing
Strategy: endocytosis by host cells in the air way
Path of Transmission: face-to-face contact
Pathogen: RhinovirusType of Pathogen: VirusGeneral Inform
ation: most com
mon viral agent, cause of
comm
on coldSym
ptoms: runny nose, congestion, sneezing, coughing
Strategy: unsegmented, m
akes polymerase
Path of Transmission: face-to-face contact, touching
contaminated surfaces
✚Pa
thog
en: R
hino
viru
sTy
pe o
f Pat
hoge
n: V
irus
Gene
ral I
nfor
mati
on:
mos
t com
mon
vira
l age
nt, c
ause
of
com
mon
col
dSy
mpt
oms:
runn
y no
se, c
onge
stion
, sne
ezin
g, c
ough
ing
Stra
tegy
: uns
egm
ente
d, m
akes
pol
ymer
ase
Path
of T
rans
mis
sion:
face
-to-fa
ce c
onta
ct, t
ouch
ing
cont
amin
ated
surfa
ces
✚
✚✚
Path
ogen
: Rab
ies
Type
of P
atho
gen:
Viru
sGe
nera
l Inf
orm
ation
: acu
te v
iral i
nfec
tion
carr
ied
by c
erta
in
mam
mal
s, t
here
are
less
than
10
docu
men
ted
case
s of s
urvi
val o
f cl
inic
al ra
bies
Sym
ptom
s: fl
u-lik
e sy
mpt
oms (
early
), ce
rebr
al d
ysfu
nctio
n, c
onfu
sion,
ha
lluci
natio
n (la
te)
Stra
tegy
: uns
egm
ente
d (b
rings
pol
ymer
ase)
Path
of T
rans
miss
ion:
It i
t pas
sed
thou
gh sa
liva
to b
lood
con
tact
. U
sual
ly th
is is
an a
nim
al b
ite.
Pathogen: RabiesType of Pathogen: VirusGeneral Inform
ation: acute viral infection carried by certain m
amm
als, there are less than 10 documented cases of survival of
clinical rabiesSym
ptoms: flu-like sym
ptoms (early), cerebral dysfunction,
confusion, hallucination (late)Strategy: unsegm
ented (brings polymerase)
Path of Transmission: It it passed though saliva to blood contact.
Usually this is an anim
al bite.
✚✚
Path
ogen
: Hum
an Im
mun
odefi
cien
cy V
irus (
HIV)
Type
of P
atho
gen:
Viru
sGe
nera
l Inf
orm
ation
: HIV
is th
e hu
man
imm
unod
efici
ency
viru
s.
It is
the
viru
s tha
t can
lead
to a
cqui
red
imm
une
defic
ienc
y sy
ndro
me,
or A
IDS.
HIV
dam
ages
a p
erso
n’s b
ody
by d
estr
oyin
g sp
ecifi
c bl
ood
cells
, cal
led
CD4+
T c
ells,
whi
ch a
re c
ruci
al to
he
lpin
g th
e bo
dy fi
ght d
iseas
es.
Sym
ptom
s: n
o ob
viou
s sym
ptom
sSt
rate
gy: u
nseg
men
ted
RNA
retr
oviru
sPa
th o
f Tra
nsm
issio
n: e
xcha
nge
of b
ody
fluid
s esp
ecia
lly se
xual
co
ntac
t and
shar
ing
syrin
ges
Pathogen: Human Im
munodeficiency Virus (HIV)
Type of Pathogen: VirusGeneral Inform
ation: HIV is the human im
munodeficiency virus.
It is the virus that can lead to acquired imm
une deficiency syndrom
e, or AIDS.HIV damages a person’s body by destroying
specific blood cells, called CD4+ T cells, which are crucial to
helping the body fight diseases.Sym
ptoms: no obvious sym
ptoms
Strategy: unsegmented RN
A retrovirusPath of Transm
ission: exchange of body fluids especially sexual contact and sharing syringes
Pathogen: H1N1
Type of Pathogen: VirusGeneral Inform
ation: H1N1 (sw
ine-flu) is a flu-virus that affects hum
ans and is two of the sam
e genes as a a virus that affects pigs. Sym
ptoms: sam
e as seasonal fluStrategy: RN
A segmented (shift-possible) and has anim
al vectorPath of Transm
ission: person-to-person
✚Pa
thog
en: H
1N1
Type
of P
atho
gen:
Viru
sGe
nera
l Inf
orm
ation
: H1N
1 (s
win
e-flu
) is a
flu-
viru
s tha
t affe
cts
hum
ans a
nd is
two
of th
e sa
me
gene
s as a
a v
irus t
hat a
ffect
s pi
gs.
Sym
ptom
s: sa
me
as se
ason
al fl
uSt
rate
gy: R
NA
segm
ente
d (s
hift-
poss
ible
) and
has
ani
mal
vec
tor
Path
of T
rans
mis
sion:
per
son-
to-p
erso
n
✚
✚✚
Path
ogen
: Mea
sles
Type
of P
atho
gen:
viru
sGe
nera
l Inf
orm
ation
: Hig
hly
cont
agio
us. T
he d
iseas
e is
also
cal
led
rube
ola.
Sym
ptom
s: M
easle
s cau
ses f
ever
, run
ny n
ose,
cou
gh a
nd a
rash
all
over
th
e bo
dy. A
bout
one
out
of 1
0 ch
ildre
n w
ith m
easle
s also
get
s an
ear
infe
ction
, and
up
to o
ne o
ut o
f 20
gets
pne
umon
ia. F
or e
very
1,0
00
child
ren
who
get
mea
sles,
one
or t
wo
will
die
, and
man
y ar
e di
sfigu
red.
Stra
tegy
: RN
A se
gmen
ted
(shi
ft po
ssib
le) o
nly
affec
ts h
uman
sPa
th o
f Tra
nsm
issio
n: p
erso
n-to
-per
son
Pathogen: Measles
Type of Pathogen: virusGeneral Inform
ation: Highly contagious. The disease is also called rubeola.Sym
ptoms: M
easles causes fever, runny nose, cough and a rash all over the body. About one out of 10 children w
ith measles also gets an ear
infection, and up to one out of 20 gets pneumonia. For every 1,000
children who get m
easles, one or two w
ill die, and many are disfigured.
Strategy: RNA segm
ented (shift possible) only affects humans
Path of Transmission: person-to-person
✚✚
Path
ogen
: Ebo
la H
emor
rhag
ic F
ever
Type
of P
atho
gen:
Viru
sGe
nera
l Inf
orm
ation
: sev
ere,
ofte
n fa
tal d
iseas
e th
at a
ffect
s hu
man
s and
non
-hum
an p
rimat
es li
ke m
onke
ys, c
him
ps a
nd
goril
las
Sym
ptom
s: T
he o
nset
of i
llnes
s is a
brup
t and
is c
hara
cter
ized
by
feve
r, he
adac
he, j
oint
and
mus
cle
ache
s, so
re th
roat
, and
w
eakn
ess,
follo
wed
by
diar
rhea
, vom
iting
, and
stom
ach
pain
. A
rash
, red
eye
s, h
iccu
ps a
nd in
tern
al a
nd e
xter
nal b
leed
ing
may
be
seen
in so
me
patie
nts.
Stra
tegy
: It s
trat
egy
is no
t kno
wn
Path
of T
rans
mis
sion:
bod
y flu
ids,
con
tact
with
bod
y flu
ids
Pathogen: Ebola Hemorrhagic Fever
Type of Pathogen: VirusGeneral Inform
ation: severe, often fatal disease that affects hum
ans and non-human prim
ates like monkeys, chim
ps and gorillasSym
ptoms: The onset of illness is abrupt and is characterized by
fever, headache, joint and muscle aches, sore throat, and
weakness, follow
ed by diarrhea, vomiting, and stom
ach pain. A rash, red eyes, hiccups and internal and external bleeding m
ay be seen in som
e patients.Strategy: It strategy is not know
nPath of Transm
ission: body fluids, contact with body fluids