patapsco/back river swmm model part i - hydrology maryland department of the environment
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Patapsco/Back River SWMM Model
Part I - Hydrology
Maryland Department of the Environment
Patapsco/Back River Watershed
Storm Water Management ModelSWMM
Selection Criteria Primarily Urban Runoff Model (wet weather flow) Existing studies available Existing parameterization information available Multiple Buildup/Washoff Functions Limited parameters Stakeholder involvement Credibility (EPA)
SWMM Blocks
Rainfall– Hourly
Runoff– Urban/Non-Urban– Infiltration (Horton)– Buildup/Wash off– USLE
Transport– Point Source– Baseflow
Postprocessing– Temporal Load– Event Mean
Concentration
Hydrology Calibration Methodology Parameterization
– Linked to topographic/physiographic information – Physically based
Flow Comparison– Daily Cumulative – Daily Frequency– Monthly– Seasonal– Annual
Analysis– Statistical Error– Correlation
Land use
•Maryland Office of Planning (1997)•Farm Services Agency and •Agricultural Census Data
Land Use Aggregation
SWMM Land Use Group Land Use Code Land Use ClassificationCommercial/Industrial 14 Commercial
15 IndustrialHigh Density Residential 13 High Density Residential
Medium Density Residential 12 Medium Density Residential16 Institutional
Low Density Residential 11 Low Density ResidentialWater 50 Water
60 WetlandsOpen Urban Land 17 Extractive
18 Open Urban LandCropland 21 Cropland
23 Orchards/Vineyards/Horticulture25 Row and Garden Crops
Pastureland 22 Pasture24 Feeding Operations
Forestland 41 Deciduous Forest42 Evergreen Forest43 Mixed Forest44 Brush
Barren 71 Beaches72 Bare Exposed Rock73 Bare Ground
SWMM/HSPF Model Segmentation
Watershed SWMM HSPFBack River 27 4Jones Falls 14 2Gwynns Falls 4 2Patapsco River 36 7Baltimore Harbor 16 16Total 97 31
Soils
Sub-watershed A (%) B (%) C (%) D (%)
Back River 1.6 38.2 38.7 21.5
Jones Falls 1.2 65.9 14.8 18.1
Gwynns Falls 0.2 49.3 24.1 26.4
Patapsco River 11.0 49.7 27.6 11.7
Baltimore Harbor 9.1 16.1 27.3 47.5
Soil Data Sources– BCI – SSURGO– BCO - County GIS– AA – Ragan– Carroll – Ragan– Howard - Ragan
Channel X-Section
Jones Falls Overbank
extracted
from DEM Main Section
From Surveyed Channel Info
X-Section Editing for SWMM
X-Section
335
345
355
365
375
385
770 970 1170 1370 1570 1770
Distance
Ele
vati
on
4700 Surveyed
LOB ROBX-Section
335
345
355
365
375
385
770 970 1170 1370 1570 1770
Distance
Ele
vati
on
4700 Surveyed
LOB ROB
Precipitation Stations (2) Advantages
– Quality of Data– Reduces averaging of
rainfall intensity
Disadvantages– Minimal spatial
variability of rainfall
Edits for year 2001
Meteorological data obtained from CBP Watershed Model (Region V)
SWMM Baseflow Methodology
10 USGS Gauges for Analysis
(1/1/92 – 9/30/01)
– Complete Time Series (5 Gauges)
– Partial Time Series (5 Gauges)
• 1992 – 1996 (regression)
• 1996 – 2001 Baseflow Separation
(USGS HYDSEP) Normalize Baseflow by Area
Normalized Monthly Base Flow
0.0000
0.2000
0.4000
0.6000
0.8000
1.0000
1.2000
1.4000
1.6000
1.8000
2.0000
Jan-
92
May
-92
Sep
-92
Jan-
93
May
-93
Sep
-93
Jan-
94
May
-94
Sep
-94
Jan-
95
May
-95
Sep
-95
Jan-
96
May
-96
Sep
-96
Jan-
97
May
-97
Sep
-97
Jan-
98
May
-98
Sep
-98
Jan-
99
May
-99
Sep
-99
Jan-
00
May
-00
Sep
-00
Jan-
01
May
-01
Sep
-01
Time
Inch
es
Moores Run
White Marsh North Fork
White Marsh Run
Gwynn's Falls
Glen Arm
Jones Falls
Western Run
Beaver Dam Run
y = -0.4982x + 147.36
R2 = 0.8158
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140 160 180
Surface Flow (in)
Ba
se F
low
(in
)
1/1/1992 to 10/1/2001Moores Run Linear (1/1/1992 to 10/1/2001)
SWMM Wet Weather Flow Comparison
Wet Weather Runoff Coefeicent vs DCI
70
47
31
25
100
11111
70
47
31
25
100
11111
70
47
31
25
100
11111
70
47
31
25
100
11111
0.000
0.100
0.200
0.300
0.400
0.500
0.600
0.700
0.800
0.900
1.000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
DCIA
Rv
NURP Regression
SWMM
USGS Calibration Stations
Patapsco/Back River Hydrology Calibration
Jones Falls (HSPF / SWMM) Gwynns Falls (HSPF / SWMM) Patapsco River (HSPF / SWMM / CBP) Back River (SWMM)
Jones Falls Hydrology Calibration
Jones Falls at SorrentoDaily Flow
1
10
100
1000
10000O
ct-9
6
Oct
-97
Oct
-98
Oct
-99
Oct
-00
Time
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS
SWMM
HSPF
Jones Falls at SorrentoCumulative Flow
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
Oct
-96
Oct
-97
Oct
-98
Oct
-99
Oct
-00
Time
Su
m F
low
(cf
s)USGS
SWMM
HSPF
Jones Falls at SorrentoDaily Flow Frequency
1
10
100
1000
10000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
% Time Exceeded
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS SWMMHSPF
Jones Falls at SorrentoMonthly Flow
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Oct
-96
Oct
-97
Oct
-98
Oct
-99
Oct
-00
Time
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS
SWMM
HSPF
Jones Falls at SorrentoSeasonal Flow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
Oct
-96
Oct
-97
Oct
-98
Oct
-99
Oct
-00
Time
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS
SWMM
HSPF
Jones Falls at SorrentoAnnual Flow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
Time
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS
SWMM
HSPFNote: LS Error=12.2%
Jones Falls at Maryland Ave.Daily Flow
1
10
100
1000
10000D
ec-
99
Jan-
00
Fe
b-0
0
Ma
r-0
0
Ap
r-0
0
Ma
y-00
Jun-
00
Jul-0
0
Au
g-0
0
Se
p-0
0
Oct
-00
No
v-00
De
c-00
Jan-
01
Fe
b-0
1
Ma
r-0
1
Ap
r-0
1
Ma
y-01
Jun-
01
Jul-0
1
Au
g-0
1
Se
p-0
1
Time
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS
SWMM
Jones Falls at Maryland Ave.Cumulative Flow
0
5000
10000
15000
20000
25000
30000
35000
40000
45000
50000
De
c-99
De
c-00
Time
Su
m F
low
(cf
s)USGS
SWMM
Jone Falls at Maryland Ave.Daily Flow Frequency
1
10
100
1000
10000
0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100
% Time Exceeded
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS SWMM
Jones Falls at Maryland Ave.Monthly Flow
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
180
Dec
-99
Dec
-00
Time
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS
SWMM
Jones Falls at Maryland Ave.Seasonal Flow
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Dec
-99
Dec
-00
Time
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS
SWMM
Jones Falls at Maryland Ave.Annual Flow
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
90
1999
2000
Time
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS
SWMMNote: LS Error=7.8%
Gwynns Falls Hydrology Calibration
Patapsco River Hydrology Calibration
Patapsco River (1994-1995)Daily Flow
1
10
100
1000
10000M
ar-
94
Ma
r-9
5Time
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS SWMMHSPFCBP
Patapsco River (1994-1995)Cumulative Flow
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
Ma
r-9
4
Ma
r-9
5Time
Su
m F
low
(cf
s)USGS
SWMM
HSPF
CBP
Patapsco River (2000-2001)Daily Flow
1
10
100
1000
10000Ja
n-0
0
Jan-
01
Time
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS SWMM
Patapsco River (2000-2001)Cumulative Flow
0
10000
20000
30000
40000
50000
60000
70000
80000
90000
Jan-
00
Jan-
01
Time
Su
m F
low
(cf
s)USGS
SWMM
Back River Hydrology Calibration
Back River (Moores Run)Daily Flow
0.1
1
10
100
1000
Jul-9
6
Jul-9
7
Jul-9
8
Jul-9
9
Jul-0
0
Jul-0
1
Time
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS
SWMM
Back River (Moores Run)Cumulative Flow
0
2000
4000
6000
8000
10000
12000
Jul-9
6
Jul-9
7
Jul-9
8
Jul-9
9
Jul-0
0
Jul-0
1
Time
Su
m F
low
(cf
s)USGS
SWMM
Back River (Herring Run)Daily Flow
0.1
1
10
100
1000
10000O
ct-9
6
Oct
-97
Oct
-98
Oct
-99
Oct
-00
Time
Flo
w (
cfs)
USGS
SWMM
Back River (Herring Run)Cumulative Flow
0
1000
2000
3000
4000
5000
6000
Oct
-96
Oct
-97
Oct
-98
Oct
-99
Oct
-00
Time
Su
m F
low
(cf
s)USGS
SWMM
Hydrology Calibration Monthly Statistical Summary
* Simulation End Date 12/31/98
Model Flow Station Drainage Area (acres) Begin Date End DateMonthly LS
Error % Monthly R2
SWMM Gwynns Falls at Villa Nova 20814 10/01/1996 09/30/2001 23.8/21.4* 0.729/0.904*
HSPF Gwynns Falls at Villa Nova 21018 10/01/1996 09/30/1998 22.8 0.807
SWMM Jones Falls at Sorrento 16946 10/01/1996 09/30/2001 27.1/19.5* 0.866/0.932*
HSPF Jones Falls at Sorrento 16490 10/01/1996 09/30/1998 18.4 0.85
SWMM Patapsco River at Hollofield 76539 03/31/1994 09/30/1995 40.7 0.932
HSPF Patapsco River at Hollofield 77226 03/31/1994 09/30/1995 21.1 0.448
CBP Patapsco River at Hollofield 77518 03/31/1994 09/30/1995 39.3 0.574
SWMM Patapsco River at Hollofield 76539 01/01/2000 09/30/2001 15.4 0.781
SWMM Back River at Herring Run 1296 01/01/1997 09/30/2001 27.5 0.833
SWMM Back River at Moores Run 2273 07/23/1996 09/30/2001 66.3 0.85
SWMM Gwynns Falls at Washington Ave. 40329 10/01/1998 09/30/2001 24 0.84
SWMM Jones Falls at Maryland Ave. 37700 10/27/1999 09/30/2001 22.5 0.737
Hydrology Calibration Annual Statistical Summary
* Simulation End Date 12/31/98
Model Flow Station Drainage Area (acres) Begin Date End DateAnnual LS
Error % Annual R2
SWMM Gwynns Falls at Villa Nova 20814 10/01/1996 09/30/2001 6.9/6.9* -
HSPF Gwynns Falls at Villa Nova 21018 10/01/1996 09/30/1998 3.4 -
SWMM Jones Falls at Sorrento 16946 10/01/1996 09/30/2001 12.2/3.4* -
HSPF Jones Falls at Sorrento 16490 10/01/1996 09/30/1998 2.1 -
SWMM Patapsco River at Hollofield 76539 03/31/1994 09/30/1995 - -
HSPF Patapsco River at Hollofield 77226 03/31/1994 09/30/1995 - -
CBP Patapsco River at Hollofield 77518 03/31/1994 09/30/1995 - -
SWMM Patapsco River at Hollofield 76539 01/01/2000 09/30/2001 - -
SWMM Back River at Herring Run 1296 01/01/1997 09/30/2001 11.4 0.894
SWMM Back River at Moores Run 2273 07/23/1996 09/30/2001 49.5 0.961
SWMM Gwynns Falls at Washington Ave. 40329 10/01/1998 09/30/2001 13.8 -
SWMM Jones Falls at Maryland Ave. 37700 10/27/1999 09/30/2001 7.8 -
HSPF/SWMM Calibration Summary & Conclusions
Reasonable error and correlation with gauge data
Models support overall trends of monthly, season and annual flows