passive voice why use it? what for? unknown or unimportant author focus on the action unknown or...
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Unknown or unimportant author Focus on the action Unknown or unimportant author Focus on the actionTRANSCRIPT
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Passive Voice
Why use it?What for?
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• Unknown or unimportant
author• Focus on the action
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• This photo was taken by him.
• He took this photo.
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• The person or thing performing the action is not important.
Too many films have been made about the Second World War.
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be + past participle
How is the passive formed?
The form of be shows the tense.
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How is the passive formed?
Be + past participle sell - sold - sold / build – built – built
• Original paintings ______ for lots of money.
• Those pyramids ________ around 400 AD.
were built
are sold
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The agent
If you want to name those who perform (ed) the action we use
a by-phrase.“Sunflowers” was painted by Van Gogh.
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The form of be shows the tense.
• The portrait was drawn by a street artist.
• The portrait is being drawn by a street artist.
• The portrait will be drawn by a street artist.
Which tense are they in?
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Which one is the most adequate?
The portrait was drawn by a street artist.The portrait is being drawn by a street artist.The portrait will be drawn by a street artist.
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Passive voice tenses
ACTIVE > PASSIVE+ be + past participle
Present simple - give - am / is /are given Past simple - gave - was / were given Pres. Perfect - has/have given - has/ have been given Pres. Continuous - is/ are giving - is / are being given Future - will give - will be given Going to be Future – is going to give - is going to be given Modal verbs - can give - can be given
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Is it passive or active?
• Speakers would be hidden beneath the wallpaper.
• Portable touch pads would control everything.
• Visitors to his house are surveyed.• The house is bigger than the average
American home.• Much of Gates house is built underground.
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Can I turn it into passive voice?
• Bill Gates family lives in Medina, Washington.• Bill Gates organized a party at his private
mansion.
• Police locked down Lake Washington area.
• The room looks smaller than it is.
A party was organized by Bill Gates at his private mansion
Lake Washington area was locked down by the police.
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+ be
Ac-tive
Pas-sive
+ past participle
- by ...- be- past participle
+ by ...
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Four basic rules
• Ask what or whom to the verb.• Insert verb to be in the same tense of
the main verb• Put the main verb in the pp (past participle)• Auxiliaries don’t change (only adapt to
singular or plural)
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Two objects = two passives
American universities offer young scientists the best opportunities for research.What ? Whom?
Young students are offered the best opportunites for research by American universities.
The best opportunites for research are offered to young students by American universities.
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• Exercises page 109