PASSIVE VOICE

XII SAINS 7 / Group 3 / 2013-2014

Cintami PraschikaMahida Eka M. Nita Dewi MardianaRisa Eka

Note :

By merupakan passive agent.

V3 disebut juga past participle.

Yang dapat dijadikan kalimat passive : Verbal Sentence (kalimat yang predikatnyakata kerja/Verb).

Syarat menggunakan kalimatpassive :

1. Kalimatnya harus mempunyai subjek, predikat, dan objek.

2. Jika ada kata “people, person, one, someone, somebody” maka passive agent tidak perlu ditulis.

Membuat Kalimat Passive

PAKET 1

1. Simple Present Tense:

Time Signal Function:

It used for:

-Habitual or repeated actions and situation.

-General truth and natural phenomena.

Active : I watch TV every day. Passive :(+) S + tobe (am/is/are) + V3 + by + O

TV is watched by me every day. (–) S + tobe + not + V3 + by + O

TV is not watched by me every day. (?)(+) tobe + S + V3 + by + O ?

Is TV watched by me every day ?(?)(–) tobe + not + S + V3 + by + O ?

Is not TV watched by me every day ?(wh?)(+) wh + tobe + S + V3 + by + O ?

Where is TV watched by me every day ?(wh?)(–) wh + tobe + not + S + V3 + by + O ?

Where is not TV watched by me every day ?

2. Present Continuous Tense:

Time Signal Function:

We use the Present Continuous Tense to talk about activities happening now.

Active : I am watching TV now. Passive :(+) S + tobe (am/is/are) + Being + V3 + by + O

TV is being watched by me now. (–) S + tobe + not + Being + V3 + by + O

TV is not being watched by me now. (?)(+) tobe + S + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Is TV being watched by me now ?(?)(–) tobe + not + S + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Is not TV being watched by me now ?(Wh?)(+) Wh + tobe + S + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where is TV being watched by me now ?(Wh?)(–) Wh + tobe + not + S + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where is not TV being watched by me now ?

3. Present Perfect Tense:

Time Signal Function

We use present perfect tense:

Action that taken place one, never or several times before the moment of speaking.

Action that stopped recently.

Action that is still going on.

Active : I have watched TV since 2 hours ago.

Passive :

(+) S + Have / Has + Been + V3 + by + O

TV has been watched by me 2 hours ago.

(–) S + Have/Has + not + Been + V3 + by + O

TV has not been watched by me 2 hours ago.

(?)(+) Have/Has + S + Been + V3 + by + O ?

Has TV been watched by me 2 hours ago ?

(?)(–) Have/Has + not + S + Been + V3 + by + O ?

Has not TV been watched by me 2 hours ago ?

(Wh?)(+) Wh + Have/Has + S + Been + V3 + by + O ?

Where Has TV been watched by me 2 hours ago ?

(Wh?)(–) Wh + Have/Has + not + S + Been + V3 + by + O ?

Where has not TV been watched by me 2 hours ago ?

4. Present Perfect Continuous Tense

Time Signal Function

An action that has just stopped or recently stopped.

An action continuing up to now.

Active: I have been watching TV since you came here.

Passive :

(+) S + Have / Has + Been + Being + V3 + by + O

TV has been being watched by me for two hours.

(–) S + Have/Has + not + Been + Being + V3 + by + O

TV has not been being watched by me since you came here.

(?)(+) Have/Has + S + Been + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Has TV been being watched by me since you came here ?

(?)(–) Have/Has + not + S + Been + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Has not TV been being watched by me since you came here ?

(Wh?)(+) Wh + Have/Has + S + Been + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where has TV been being watched by me since you came here ?

(Wh?)(–) Wh + Have/Has + not + S + Been + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where has not TV been being watched by me since you came here ?

PAKET 2

5. Simple Past Tense

Time Signal Function

Simple past tense denotes a past action it is usually used with time signal.

Active : I watched TV yesterday. Passive :(+) S + tobe (was / were) + V3 + by + O

TV was watched by me yesterday. (–) S + tobe + not + V3 + by + O

TV was not watched by me yesterday. (?)(+) tobe + S + V3 + by + O ?

Was TV watched by me yesterday ?(?)(–) tobe + not + S + V3 + by + O ?

Was not TV watched by me yesterday ?(Wh?)(+) Wh + tobe + S + V3 + by + O ?

Where was TV watched by me yesterday ?(Wh?)(–) Wh + tobe + not + S + V3 + by + O ?

Where was not TV watched by me yesterday ?

6. Past Continuous Tense

Time Signal Function

describes actions or events in a time before now, which began in the past and was still going on at the time of speaking. In other words, it expresses an unfinished or incomplete action in the past.

Active : I was watching TV when she came to my house yesterday.

Passive :

(+) S + tobe (was / were) + Being + V3 + by + O

TV was being watched by me when she came to my house yesterday.

(–) S + tobe + not + Being + V3 + by + O

TV was’nt being watched by me when she came to my house yesterday.

(?)(+) tobe + S + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Was TV being watched by me when she came to my house yesterday ?

(?)(–) tobe + not + S + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Was’nt TV being watched by me when she came to my house yesterday ?

(Wh?)(+) Wh + tobe + S + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where was TV being watched by me when she came to my house yesterday ?

(Wh?)(–) Wh + tobe + not + S + Being + Past Participle + by + O ?

Where TV was not being watched by me when she came to my house yesterday ?

7. Past Perfect Tense

Time Signal Function

refers to a time earlier than before now. It is used to make it clear that one event happened before another in the past. It does not matter which event is mentioned first - the tense makes it clear which one happened first.

Active : I had watched TV before you came here.

Passive :

(+) S + Had + Been + V3 + by + O

TV had been watched by me before you came here.

(–) S + Had + not + Been + V3 + by + O

TV had not been watched by me before you came here.

(?)(+) Had + S + Been + V3 + by + O ?

Had TV been watched by me before you came here ?

(?)(–) Had + not + S + Been + V3 + by + O ?

Had not TV been watched by me before you came here ?

(Wh?)(+) Wh + Had + S + Been + V3 + by + O ?

Where had TV been watched by me before you came here ?

(Wh?)(–) Wh + Had + not + S + Been + V3 + by + O ?

Where had not TV been watched by me before you came here ?

8. Past Perfect Continuous Tense Time Signal Function

We use the past perfect continuous to talk about longer actions or events that happened before or up to another action or event in the past.

Active : I had been watching TV before you came here.

Passive :

(+) S + Had + Been + Being + V3 + by + O

TV had been being watched by me before you came here.

(–) S + Had + not + Been + Being + V3 + by + O

TV had not been being watched by me before you came here.

(?)(+) Had + S + Been + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Had TV been being watched by me before you came here ?

(?)(–) Had + not + S + Been + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Had not TV been being watched by me before you came here ?

(Wh?)(+) Wh + Had + S + Been + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where had TV been being watched by me before you came here ?

(Wh?)(–) Wh + Had + not + S + Been + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where had not TV been being watched by me before you came here ?

PAKET 3

9. Simple Future Tense

Time Signal Function

To express future time (pretty simple). It's also used to express willingness.

Active : I will watch TV tomorrow. Passive :(+) S + Will be + V3 + by + O TV will be watched by me tomorrow.(–) S + Will not be + V3 + by + O TV will not be watched by me tomorrow.(?)(+) Will + S + be + V3 + by + O ? Will TV be watched by me tomorrow ? (?)(–) Will not be + S + V3 + by + O ? Will not TV be watched by me tomorrow ?(wh?)(+) wh + Will be + S + V3 + by + O ? Where will TV be watched by me tomorrow ? (wh?)(–) wh + Will not be + S + V3 + by + O ? Where will not TV be watched by me tomorrow ?

10.Future Continuous Tense

Time Signal Function

The future continuous refers to an unfinished action or event that will be in progressat a time later than now. It is used:

a. to project ourselves into the future and see something happening

b. to predict or guess about someone's actions or feelings, now or in the future: You'll be feeling tired after that long walk, I expect.

Active : I will be watching TV tomorrow.

Passive :

(+) S + Will be + Being + V3 + by + O

TV will be being watched by me tomorrow.

(–) S + Will not be + Being + V3 + by + O

TV will not be being watched by me tomorrow.

(?)(+) Will + S + be + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Will TV be being watched by me tomorrow ?

(?)(–) Will not + S + be + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Will not TV be being watched by me tomorrow ?

(wh?)(+) wh + Will + S + be + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where will TV be being watched by me tomorrow ?

(wh?)(–) wh + Will not + S + be + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where will not TV be being watched by me tomorrow ?

11.Future Perfect Tense

Time Signal Function

The future perfect is used to refer to an action that will be completed sometime in the future before another action takes place.

Active : I will have watched TV by 07.00 p.m.

Passive:

(+) S + Will Have + Been + V3 + by + O

TV will have been watched by me by 07.00 p.m.

(–) S + Will not Have + Been + V3 + by + O

TV will not have been watched by me by 07.00 p.m.

(?)(+) Will + S + Have Been + V3 + by + O ?

Will TV have been watched by me by 07.00 p.m ?

(?)(–) Will not + S + Have Been + V3 + by + O ?

Will TV have been watched by me by 07.00 p.m ?

(wh?)(+) wh + Will + S + Have Been + V3 + by + O ?

Where will TV have been watched by me by 07.00 p.m ?

(wh?)(–) wh + Will not + S + Have Been + V3 + by + O ?

Where will not TV have been watched by me by 07.00 p.m ?

12.Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Time Signal Function

The Future Perfect Continuous is used to emphasize the duration of an activity that will be in progress before another time or event in the future.

Active : I will have been watching TV by at 07.00 p.m. tomorrow.

Passive:

(+) S + Will Have + Been + Being + V3 + by + O

TV will have been being watched by me at 07.00 p.m tomorrow.

(-) S + Will not Have + Been + Being + V3 + by + O

TV will not have been being watched by me at 07.00 p.m tomorrow.

(?)(+) Will + S + Have Been + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Will TV have been being watched by me at 07.00 p.m tomorrow ?

(?)(–) Will not + S + Have Been + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Will not TV have been being watched by me at 07.00 p.m tomorrow ?

(wh?)(+) wh + Will + S + Have Been + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where will TV have been being watched by me at 07.00 p.m tomorrow ?

(wh?)(–) wh + Will not + S + Have Been + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where will not TV have been being watched by me at 07.00 p.m tomorrow ?

PAKET 4

13.Past Future Tense

Time Signal Function:

Conditional Tense is used to describe an action that is uncertain or hypothetical concerning the past, present, or future. Conditional Tense functions with two clauses, and it operates under four different conditions.

Active: I would watch TV if I didn't have job yesterday.

Passive:

(+) S + Would be + V3 + by + O

TV would be watched by me if I didn't have job yesterday.

(-) S + Would not be + Being + V3 + by + O

TV would not be watched by me if I didn't have job yesterday.

(?)(+) Would + S + be + V3 + by + O ?

Would TV be watched by me if I didn't have job yesterday?

(?)(–) Would not + S + be + V3 + by + O ?

Would not TV be watched by me if I didn't have job yesterday?

(wh?)(+) wh + Would + S + Be + V3 + by + O ?

Where would TV be watched by me if I didn't have jobyesterday?

(wh?)(–) wh + Would not + S + Be + V3 + by + O ?

Where would not TV be watched by me if I didn't have jobyesterday?

14.Past Future Continuous Tense Time Signal Function

refers to an unfinishedaction or event that will be in progress at a time later than now.

Active : I would be watching TV if I didn't have job.

Passive :

(+) S + Would be + Being + V3 + by + O

TV would be being watched by me if I didn't have job.

(–) S + Would not be + Being + V3 + by + O

TV would not be being watched by me if I didn't have job.

(?)(+) Would + S + be + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Would TV be being watched by me if I didn't have job?

(?)(–) Would not + S + be + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Would not TV be being watched by me if I didn't have job?

(wh?)(+) wh + Would + S + Be +Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where would TV be being watched by me if I didn't have job.?

(wh?)(–) wh + Would not + S + Be + Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where would not TV be being watched by me if I didn't have job?

15.Past Future Perfect Tense

Time Signal Function

The past future perfect refers to a completed action in the future. When we use this tense we are projecting ourselves forward into the future and looking back at an action that will be completed some time later than now.

Active : I would have watched TV if I didn't have job.

Passive :

(+) S + Would Have + Been + V3 + by + O

TV would have been watched by me if I didn't have job.

(–) S + Would not Have + Been + V3 + by + O

TV would not have been watched by me if I didn't have job.

(?)(+) Would + S + Have Been + V3 + by + O ?

Would TV have been watched by me if I didn't have job?

(?)(–) Would not + S + Have Been + V3 + by + O ?

Would not TV have been watched by me if I didn't have job?

(wh?)(+) wh + Would + S + Have Been + V3 + by + O ?

Where would TV have been watched by me if I didn't have job?

(wh?)(–) wh + Would not + S + Have Been + V3 + by + O ?

Where would not TV have been watched by me if I didn't have job ?

16.Past Future Perfect Continuous Tense

Time Signal Function

We use past Future Perfect Continuous to show that something will continue up until a particular event or time in the future. "For five minutes," "for two weeks," and "since Friday" are all durations which can be used with the Future Perfect Continuous.

Active : I would have been watching TV if she came here.

Passive :

(+) S + Would Have + Been + Being + V3 + by + O

TV would have been being watched by me if she came here.

(–) S + Would not Have + Been+ Being + V3 + by + O

TV would not have been being watched by me if she came here.

(?)(+) Would + S + Have Been Being + V3 + by + O ?

Would TV have been being watched by me if she came here?

(?)(–) Would not + S + Have Been Being + V3 + by + O ?

Would not TV have been being watched by me if she came here?

(Qw?)(+) Qw + Would + S + Have Been Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where would TV have been being watched by me if she came here ?

(Qw?)(–) Qw + Would not + S + Have Been Being + V3 + by + O ?

Where would not TV have been being watched by me if she came here ?

REPORT TEKS

Purpose : To describe the way things are, with reference to arange of natural, man-made and social phenomena in our environment.

Ciri khas text report :

Menggunakan simple present tense, kecualiapabila yang dibahas sudah punah makamenggunakan past tense.

Menggunakan action verb (kata kerja tindakan).

TEXT REPORT

Platypus

Many people call platypus duckbill because this animal has a bill like duckbill. Platypus is a native Tasmania and southern and eastern Australia.

Platypus has a flat tail and webbed feet. Its body length is 30 to 45 cm and covered with a thick, and woolly layer of fur. Its bill is detecting prey and stirring up mud. Platypus’ eyes and head are small. It has no ears but has ability to sense sound and light.

Platypus lives in streams, rivers, and lakes. Female platypus usually dig burrows in the streams or river banks. The burrows are blocked with soil to protect it from intruders and flooding. In the other hand, male platypus does not need any burrow to stay.

General structure :

General classification; stating general classification, the animal of platypus.

Description; describing in detail characterization of platypus’ body and habitual life

Language Feature Analysis

Focusing in group; the animal of platypus

conditional, logical connective; but, in the other hand

Simple present tense pattern; Platypus lives in streams, male platypus does not need any burrow, etc