particle size analyzers

Particle Size Analyzers

C060-E005A

Particle Size Analyzer Applications

Particle Size Distribution Is One of the Largest Factors Determing the Characteristics of Powders and Particles.Powders and particles are used in a wide variety of fields for a wide range of objectives and applications. In some cases, they

are used directly as pharmaceuticals, catalysts, additives, or binders while in other situations they are used as raw ingredients.

In either case, the particle size distribution can have a major effect on the characteristics desired for a given application or

objective, or on the performance and quality of a final product. Consequently, measuring the particle size distribution is

essential for stabilizing or improving the characteristics, performance, or quality of powders or particles.

0.20.0005

3000.01

30000.05

25000.017

3500.1

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nm μm mmnanometers

1 5 10 50 100 500 1 5 1 510 50 100 500

micrometers millimeters

0.001 0.005 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 1000 500010 50 100 500

Particle Size: μm

nm μm mmnanometers

1 5 10 50 100 500 1 5 1 510 50 100 500

micrometers millimeters

0.001 0.005 0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 1000 500010 50 100 500

Particle Size: μm

Zinc Sulfide Phosphor

IG-1000 Plus

SALD-7101

SALD-3101

SALD-2300

SALD-301V

SALD-201V

Fullerenes

Silica Nanoparticles

Nano-Inks

Liposomes

Titanium Oxide

Talc

Pearl Pigments

Acetaminophens

Cornstarch

Wheat Flour (cake flour)

Wheat Flour (bread flour)

Kaolinite

Alumina

PVC Powder

Acrylic Polymer Beads

Vanadium Oxide

Clay Silt Sand

Cement

Carbon Black

Nanoparticles

Pharmaceuticals

Cosmetics

Food Products

Ceramics

Macromolecules

Catalysts

Electronic Materials

Soil and Civil Engineering Materials

Developed for single-digit nanoparticles

Developed for nanoparticles

Standard model of SALD series

Developed for coarse or dense particles

Low-cost model for fine particles

Low-cost model

Shimadzu Particle Size Analyzers Are Used in a Wide Variety of Fields, for a Wide Range of Purposes and Applications.

Guide to Selecting Particle Size Analyzers

Want to measure single-digit nanoparticles (with diameters in single-digit nanometer range).

However, not sure if samples contain aggregates or contaminants.

Screen with an SALD-7101,

then measure with an IG-1000 Plus

Want to screen nanoparticle samples for aggregates or contaminants. Want to measure

nanoparticles in a viscous medium.SALD-7101

Nano Particle Size Analyzer

Want to mainly measure particles in the micrometer to millimeter range. Want to measure particles with high specific gravity, such as metals. * Want to measure dried powders in the dry state.

SALD-3101Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer

* Add a dry measurement unit.

Cost is important. Want to mainly measure particles in the micrometer range. Wet measurement of low specific-gravity particles is sufficient.

SALD-201V or SALD-301VLaser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer

Want to mainly measure particles in the submicron to micron range.

* Want to measure dried powders in the dry state.

SALD-2300Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer

* Add a dry measurement unit.

Want to measure single-digit nanoparticles (with diameters in single-digit nanometer range).

Samples are already confirmed not to contain aggregates and contaminants.IG-1000 Plus

Single Nano Particle Size Analyzer

1. Nanoparticles

2. Pharmaceuticals

3. Cosmetics

4. Food Products

5. Ceramics

6. Macromolecules

7. Catalysts

8. Electronic Materials

9. Soil and Civil Engineering Materials

Nanoparticles are expected to provide benefits as a result of the special properties related to their size. Particle size analyzers provide an extremely important tool for developing methods to maintain good dispersion characteristics by ensuring contaminants and aggregates are identified and screened out.

The smaller the particles, the larger their specific surface area and the more quickly they dissolve. In the case of particles in medical injection, the particle size determines how they pass through or penetrate capillaries and blood vessel walls and which parts of the body they reach. This has a major influence on the efficacy and side effects of pharmaceuticals.

For lipstick, mascara, and eye shadow, subtle differences in color and shine are controlled by differences in the particle size distribution. The smoothness or UV light-blocking properties of creams also vary depending on the particle size distribution.

Many food products include powdered ingredients. The mouth, tooth, and tongue feel and other characteristics of bread, cakes, pasta, etc. depend on the particle size distribution. Also, controlling the particle size distribution in beverages is important to ensure consistent quality. For example, smaller particle sizes are used in milk and lactic acid beverages to prevent differences in concentration and taste between the upper and lower portions of the container.

The strength, density, hardness, heat resistance, water and air permeability, and other characteristics of ceramics depend not only on the type of ingredient particles, but also significantly on the particle size distribution.

When particles are used as ingredients in pipes, films, and sheets, the particle size distribution can affect the strength and light permeability of the final product.

Though chemical reactivity is affected by the specific surface area and pore structure, given the same material, the chemical reactivity can be controlled by varying the particle size distribution.

The manner and degree to which particle size affects electronic materials differ depending on the application and material. However, the quality control of particle size distribution is increasingly being required to ensure higher and more consistent quality of the final product.

The particle size distribution of soil and cement has a large effect on the stability and strength of supporting ground, the strength of buildings and other structures, and how much these change over time. Also, measuring the particle size distribution is an important factor in understanding the scale of environmental pollution in soil.


IG-1000 Plus

The IG method allows measuring particle sizes in the 0.5 to 200

nm range, with high sensitivity and high reproducibility.

With the IG method, the signal level does not depend on

particle size, so measurement is not easily affected by

contaminants or aggregates. Therefore, analyzers can be used

in regular laboratory environments.

The IG method does not use scattered light, so measurement is

not easily affected by color. Therefore, this model can even

measure black nanoparticles, which tend to absorb light.

The laser diffraction method can measure particle distributions

in the 10 nm to 300 μm (300,000 nm) range.

The single light source and broad measurement range allow

monitoring dispersion and aggregation processes in real time.

Thanks to technology that enables measuring highly

concentrated samples, nanoparticles can even be measured in

highly viscous liquid media, which was not possible with

previous models.

Voyaging into the Nano Region

Shimadzu Nano Particle Size Analyzers


SALD-7101

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Dispersion and aggregation processes of unstable and easily changing nanoparticles can be evaluated with high sensitivity and high

reproducibility over a wide range.

Particle Size Range Evaluated: 0.5 nm to 300 μm (300,000 nm)

Samples can be reliably screened for contaminants and aggregates using the SALD-7101, then single-digit nanoparticles can be

accurately evaluated using the IG-1000 Plus.

Particles in the 10 to 200 nm range can be measured by both the IG-1000 Plus and SALD-7101.

Comparing the data from different measurement principles provides a multifaceted evaluation of nanoparticle dispersion and

aggregation.

Powerful Combination of IG-1000 Plus and SALD-7101 Analyzers

Accurately Assesses the Actual Status of Unstable Nanoparticles

1nm 10nm 100nm 1000nm

1μm 10μm 100μm

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Primary Particles(smaller than 100 nm)

Aggregates(100 nm to several μm)

Contaminants(larger than several μm)

IG MethodSingle Nano Particle Size Analyzer IG-1000 Plus

UV Laser Diffraction Method

Nano Particle Size Analyzer SALD-7101

Primary Particle Size



Particle Size

Particle SizeParticle Size

With the capability of measuring the diameter of both aggregated and dispersed particles, it is a powerful tool for establishing dispersion methods.

Powerful evaluation technique achieves single-digit nanoparticles by dispersing aggregates down to primary particles.

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IG-1000 Plus

Measures single-digit nanoparticle sizes with high sensitivity

and high reproducibility.

Accurately measures samples with broad size distributions.

Measures samples in normal environments, even without any

strict pretreatment (filtering) processes.

Effects from particle refractive index and color are negligible.

No need to even specify (input) refractive indices.

Allows verifying the validity of measurement results using raw

data (variations in intensity of diffracted light).

The IG method forms a diffraction grating made up of groups of particles in liquid, then determines the particle sizes based on how fast

the particle diffuses and breaks down. Large particles diffuse slowly and small particles, particularly single-digit nanoparticles, diffuse

quickly. This diffusion process is detected as a change in the intensity of diffracted light.

The sample (nanoparticles diffused in solution) is measured by

placing it in a batch cell and inserting an electrode substrate.

When an alternating voltage is applied to the electrodes,

dielectrophoresis acts to increase the particle concentration in the

area where the left and right electrodes face each other. This

generates cyclic variations in particle concentration, forming a

particle concentration diffraction grating. When the alternating

voltage is shut off, the nanoparticles that formed the particle

concentration diffraction grating begin to diffuse and the size of

the particles can be determined from the speed of that diffusion.


Utilizes Revolutionary IG Nanoparticle Size Measurement Technology

Diffusion of Particle Concentration Diffraction Grating External Force (dielectrophoresis)

Laser Light

Primary Diffracted Light

OFFONOFF

Large Particles

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Time

DiffusionFormationParticle ConcentrationDiffraction Grating

Small Particles

Measurement Method:

Measurement Range:

IG method (induced grating method)

0.5 to 200 nm

* PITTCON 2009 Annual Editors’ Choice Awards Bronze Award

* Nikkan Kogyo Shimbun’s 51st Best 10 New Products Awards New Product Award

Measurement Principle

Diffraction Grating Formedfrom ParticlesComb-Shaped

Electrodes

Glass Slides

Alternating Voltage

Batch Cell

Sample Suspension

a

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a: Pitch of Comb- Shaped Electrodes

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Even the particle size of fullerene hydroxide, which typifies samples in the

single-digit nanometer region, can be measured with high sensitivity and

good reproducibility.

(measurement concentration: 0.1 wt%)

Even mixed samples can be measured. The IG method utilizes the diffusion of a diffraction grating formed from particles to measure samples, so the signal

level is not dependent on particle size. Therefore, this allows evaluating mixed samples. It is difficult to measure mixed samples using scattered light methods

because the signal level is proportional to the cube of the particle diameter, even for the same volume.

Even for nanoparticle samples with broad distributions where the largest

particle is 10 times the size of the smallest one, the presence of smaller

particles is accurately detected to ensure the distribution is not skewed

toward the large end.

Measurement Examples

Colloidal Silica ○ : A, ● : B, △ : A + B Polystyrene Latex ○ : 50nm, ● : 100nm, △ : 50nm + 100nm

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ItemMeasurement PrincipleMeasurement RangeMeasurement TimeMeasurement Method Compatible OSTemperature Adjustment Range Size and WeightConsumables

SpecificationsIG method (induced grating method)0.5 to 200 nm30 sec (from start of measurement until results are displayed)Batch cell (0.3 mL volume)Windows 7 / XP / Vista7 to 40 °C (when using optional thermostatic circulator) W600 × D400 × H200 mm and 15 kgElectrode tips

Specifications

(sample provided by professor Kokubo of Osaka University)

Measurement Example (1):

Fullerene Hydroxide

The intensity of diffracted light decreases at a steep slope for smaller

particles, but the slope is less steep for larger particles. Therefore, the

relation between small and large particles (average particle diameters) can be

verified at a glance.

Allows Verifying the Validity of Measurement Results Using Raw Data

(Variations in Intensity of Diffracted Light)

Measurement Example (2):

Samples with Broad Distributions

Measurement Example (3): Measuring Mixed Samples

* Particle concentration: 0.01 to 1 %

* Max. conductivity of liquid media: About 400 μS/cm

(microsiemens per centimeter)

* Nonpolar solvents cannot be used

(such as toluene or hexane)

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SALD-7101 Measurement Range: 10 nm to 300 μm (300,000 nm)

Allows observing the status of unstable nanoparticles, from a few tens of nanometers to several hundred micrometers, in real time.

Allows reliably evaluating the dispersion and aggregation processes of particles, as well as the status of contaminants, including how

these change over time.

Allows monitoring changes in the status of unstable nanoparticles in real time over a wide range, from 10 nm to 300 μm (300,000 nm).

Offers the following advantages over DLS (dynamic light scattering).

Allows real-time measurements at 1-second intervals.

Even measures nanoparticles dispersed in highly viscous media or solids, such as films.

Measures particles in a wide range of particle concentrations, from a few ppm to 20 %.

The high measurement limit of 300 μm (300,000 nm) allows confirming particle aggregates and contaminants, which means it can

even be used for screening nanoparticle samples.

Designed specifically for wet measurement.

Allows inline real-time size measurements of micro and nano air bubbles.

Uses a UV laser light source (375 nm wavelength) and contiguous wide angle scattered light detection.

The laser diffraction method irradiates samples with laser light and detects the changes in intensities, which vary depending on the

angle of the diffracted and scattered light. It then uses calculations to determine the particle size distribution. The SALD-7101 uses a

UV laser light source and a contiguous wide angle scattered light detection system that allow observing not only primary particles but

also aggregates and contaminants, ranging from the nano region to several hundred micrometers, simultaneously and in real time.

SALD Series Particle Size Analyzers

Ultra VioletLaser

Lens

Sensors for Side / BackwardScattered Light

Cell

60 degrees

Focal Length

Virtual Shape of Sensor forForward Scattered Light

Wing parts

Sensor for ForwardScattered Light(Wing Sensor)

Sensor for ForwardScattered Light(Wing Sensor)

Optical System with Contiguous Wide Angle Scattered Light Detection

Function of the Wing sensor is equivalent to that of the concentric shape sensor by compensation of light intensity detected from respective sensor element. In the compensation, area of respective sensor element and effect of polarization must be considered.

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Light Source: Red semiconductor laser (680 nm wavelength)

The SALD-2300 is the standard model in the SALD series. It is

capable of measuring a wide range of particle size distributions,

such as pharmaceuticals, foods, and electronic materials.

Operability and data analysis functions have been improved

from its preceding models, the SALD-2001/2101/2201, while

ensuring data remains inter-compatible.

Supports injection type dry measurement as well.

Laser Diffraction Particle Size Analyzer

SALD-2300 Measurement Range: 17 nm to 2500 μm


Measures even coarse particles, such as soil or metal particles,

or particles with high specific gravity. It is used for civil

engineering and construction, research of environmental

problems with rivers and coastlines, disaster prevention

measures, and other purposes. It is also used to evaluate coal

ash in thermal power plants and other applications.

Supports both injection and free-fall type dry measurement.

SALD-3101 Measurement Range: 50 nm to 3000 μm


Low cost particle size analyzer that offers high performance

and a small footprint.

Ideal for particles with relatively low specific gravity (less than 2),

such as foods, beverages, pharmaceuticals, cosmetics, and

emulsions.


SALD-201V Measurement Range: 250 nm to 350 μm

Light Source: Violet semiconductor laser (405 nm wavelength)

Based on the SALD-201V, the SALD-301V offers an improved

light source and optical system to provide better performance

in the microparticle region. It also enables measuring blue and

black type particles, such as in pigments and coatings.


SALD-301V Measurement Range: 100 nm to 350 μm

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Scattered light from coarse particles is concentrated at low angles near the optical axis

and fluctuates vigorously within a tiny angle, but scattered light from microparticles

fluctuates slowly up to large angles away from center. Whereas the intensity of scattered

light from coarse particles is extremely high, the intensity of scattered light from

microparticles is very low. The SALD series achieves high resolution over a wide range of

particle sizes by utilizing the relationship between particle size and scattered light and

increasing the detection surface area of each of the 76 concentric detector elements in

the Wing sensor at a logarithmic rate from the center outward. In addition to the Wing

sensor, one sensor is used for side scattered light and four sensors are used for backward

scattered light.


Particle Size Distribution Data with Five Peaks

Reliably reproduces even particle size distributions with complicated

distribution shapes. This is an example of measuring a mixture of five types

of particles, with diameters of 0.6, 2.5, 10, 30, and 300 μm.

Rather large aggregates present in nanoparticle samples can be measured at

the same time. For example, this can also be used for screening when

reusing CMP.

Q 3 (%) q 3 (%)

0.01 0.05 0.1 0.5 1 5 10 50 100 5000

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90

100

The above is an overlay of data from measuring the same sample 10 times,

showing high reproducibility.

NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) traceable particles can

be measured with extremely high reproducibility. The standard deviation

from multiple mean particle diameter measurements is practically zero.

Wing Sensor

Note: SALD-201V and SALD-301V models use a sensor with 54 concentric elements instead of a Wing sensor.

Particle Diameter (μm)

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SALD series analyzers accurately capture the true image of particle size distributions. They detect the presence of aggregates and

contaminants in nanoparticle samples.

Detects True Image of Particle Size Distributions with

Accuracy and High Resolution

Utilizing a single light source and highly reliable optical system provides extremely high reproducibility in terms of consistent sample

measurement results. This allows measuring and evaluating even subtle changes in samples with confidence.

Achieves High Reproducibility to

Accurately Measure Subtle Changes in Samples

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Laser diffraction method ISO 13320 and JIS Z 8825-1 compliant

SALD systems comply with ISO 13320 and JIS Z 8825-1 laser diffraction and scattering standards.

Validation possible with JIS standard particles

System performance can be confirmed using MBP1-10 standard particles specified in JIS Z 8900-1 (for SALD-7101 and SALD-2300

models). These samples have a broad particle size distribution, which is specified by the JIS standard. Using these samples allows

verifying that the instrument is always accurate.

Models SALD-3101, SALD-301V, and SALD-201V use JIS class 11 test dust, specified in JIS Z 8901, for validation.

MBP1-10 standard particles (347-61001-01) are included standard with SALD-7101 analyzers.

MBP1-10 standard particles (347-61004) are included standard with SALD-2300 analyzers.

JIS class 11 test dust is included standard with SALD-3101, SALD-301V, and SALD-201V analyzers.

Respective part numbers are SALD-3101 (346-63722), SALD-301V (346-62474), and SALD-201V (346-62340-02).

Easy maintenance

Systems feature a powerful self-diagnostic function.

This allows checking the output signals from each sensor and detection element and the

system functional status. The operation log function stores detailed information with all

measurement data, such as the instrument operating status and cell contamination

status. This allows retroactively verifying the validity of measurement data and

confirming the cell contamination status.

Improved stability of the optical system

SALD systems utilize an OSAF (omnidirectional shock absorption frame). This completely isolates all elements of the optical system from

impacts, vibration, and other external disturbances. Therefore, optical axes rarely need adjustment.

Allows verifying the validity of measurement results (particle size distribution

data) by referencing light intensity distribution data (raw data)

Since light intensity distribution data (raw data) and measurement results (particle size

distribution data) can be displayed on the same screen, measurement results can be

verified while viewing both sets of data. This allows not only verifying whether the

detection signal level (particle concentration) is appropriate or not, but also confirming

the validity of measurement results from multiple aspects, such as in terms of the

distribution width and the presence of aggregates and contaminants.

High Reliability Established by ISO-/JIS-Based Validation

and Refined Hardware/Software

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(1) Specify a range forthe refractive index

(3) Display candidatesfrom refractive index and particle size

calculation results

(2) Evaluate


Selecting a refractive index was an unavoidable part of using the laser diffraction method, where generally a published value was

entered, but such values were not necessarily appropriate, considering the effects of particle composition and shape. Therefore, tedious

trial and error processes were used to select refractive indices.

WingSALD II solves such problems by being the world's first software to include a function that automatically calculates an appropriate

refractive index based on the LDR method (light intensity distribution reproduction method).

Note: The LDR method automatically calculates an appropriate refractive index based on consistency between the actual measured light intensity distribution and one reproduced (recalculated) from particle size distribution data. This method was developed by Shimadzu and published in two technical papers. It is sometimes called the "Kinoshita Method", in academic communities, after the name of Shimadzu’s engineer.

Automatic Refractive Index Calculation Function Eliminates

the Mistake or Trouble of Selecting Refractive Indices

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Creating, saving, and sharing measurement conditions and procedures, including pretreatment methods and conditions, ensures

measurements are performed using the same conditions and procedures, even if performed by a different operator or at a different

location or plant, and allows safely comparing data.

Furthermore, when the measurement assistant function is used, measurement instructions for the operator are displayed on the screen.

This enables even inexperienced operators to perform measurements correctly.

In addition, administrators and operators can be assigned different operating privileges to ensure security.

Note: SOP is an acronym for Standard Operating Procedure.

Measurement Assistant Function Allows Preparing an SOP to Ensure

Measurements Are Always Performed Using the Same Conditions and Procedures

Create and save measurementconditions and procedures (SOP)

Procedures, remarks,and other information are displayedinteractively during measurements.

This standardizes measurementprocedures and prevents mistakes.

Includes security features that limit the functionality

available to operators

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Measured as-is


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Concentrated samples that were not previously measurable with laser diffraction and scattering can now be measured without dilution.

If high-concentration samples are measured using a standard flow cell or batch cell, the optical path length becomes very long, causing

multiple scattering, which prevents accurate measurement. Therefore, samples are now sandwiched in a special sample cell that

shortens the optical path length, avoiding the negative effects of multiple scattering. This makes it possible to measure such samples

accurately.

Using optional WingSALD-CM software allows measuring changes to particle size distributions at intervals as short as 1 second and saving

the results.

This is an example of light intensity distribution data and particle size distribution data for the dissolution process of calcium carbonate. It shows how dissolution

progresses from smaller diameter particles and how the normalized amount of large particles increases.

This example compares measuring hand cream as-is (highly concentrated)

and diluted. It shows that diluting the sample made the distribution

narrower and prevented an accurate measurement.

Measuring the undiluted solution as-is allows obtaining accurate

measurement results.

q 3 (%)

0.1 0.5 1 5 10 500

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20(%)

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5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 5

100% = 2000

Updates particle sizedistributions and lightintensity in real time


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Sensor Element Number

1. Initial 2. After 20 sec3. After 40 sec4. After 60 sec

5. After 80 sec6. After 100 sec7. After 120 sec8. After 140 sec

9. After 160 sec10. After 180 sec

Measures Without Diluting Concentrated Samples, Such as Creams

Particle size distribution data and light intensity distribution data

can be displayed in real time. This means that sample changes

over time or shifts in the dispersion status can be monitored in

real time. Since both the light intensity distribution data, which is

the raw data, and particle size data can be monitored

simultaneously, they can be compared to keep track of any

changes in the status of samples.

Monitors Changes in Sample Status in Real Time

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The following data analysis applications are included standard.

Evaluation of Scattering Angle

Graphs the components of scattered light intensity at each angle. This takes advantage of the features of the highly-integrated photodiode

array to allow evaluating the low-angle scattered light with high resolution.

Application Fields: Evaluating the scattering characteristics of films and sheets

Data Emulation Function

Based on SALD series measurement results, this function allows emulating measurement results obtained using other models and

measurement principles. This allows maintaining data compatibility with previous measurement methods.

Mixture Data Simulation Function

Allows simulating particle size distributions using any mixture ratio of multiple particle size distributions. This makes it possible to

determine the optimal mixture ratio for obtaining the desired particle size distribution, without the trouble of actually measuring the

particle size distribution of sample mixtures over and over.

Data Connecting Function

Allows combining the measurement results for two different measurement ranges at any particle size point to create a single particle

size distribution. For example, sieve data for particles above 2000 μm can be combined with SALD series data for particles below 2000 μm

to create a wide-ranging particle size distribution, which is required for civil engineering, disaster prevention, or environmental fields.

Evaluates Measurement Data from Multiple Facets

–Extensive Assortment of Data Analysis Applications Included Standard

Selectionof data Grouping

Save grouped data

DrawingAnalysis

Re-drawingReanalysis

Multiple sets of data can be stored as a group.

This makes not only organizing the data but also redisplaying and reanalyzing it easier.

Data can be loaded as a group and displayed or analyzed at the same time, rather than having to load each set of data separately.

Processes Multiple Sets of Data More Efficiently

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Summary Chart of SALD Series Measurement Functions

680 690

*3

*7

*11

*15

*16

*4

*8

*12

*1

*5

*9

*4

*8

*13

*2

*6

*10

*14

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*1 Use an SALD-MS71 sampler for SALD-7101 analyzers (P/N 347-60711-20 (115 V), 347-60711-30 (230 V)). Sold separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).

*2 Use an SALD-MS23 sampler for SALD-2300 analyzers (P/N 347-61701-42 (115 V), 347-61701-44 (230 V)).Sold separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).

*3 Use an SALD-MS30 sampler for SALD-3101 analyzers (P/N 346-63701-20 (115 V), 346-63701-30 (230 V)).Sold separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).

*4 Samplers for models SALD-201V and SALD-301V are included standard with the analyzer.

*5 Use a batch cell for SALD-7101 analyzers (P/N 347-60712). Sold separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).

*6 Use a batch cell for SALD-2300 analyzers (P/N 347-61702-42). Sold separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).

*7 Use a batch cell for SALD-3101 analyzers (P/N 321-48338-02). Sold separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).

*8 Batch cells for models SALD-201V and SALD-301V are included standard with the analyzer.

*9 Use a high-concentration sample measurement system for SALD-7101 analyzers (P/N 347-60713-21).Sold separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).

*10 Use a high-concentration sample measurement system for SALD-2300 analyzers (P/N 347-61703-42).Sold separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).

*11 Use a high-concentration sample measurement system for SALD-3101 analyzers (P/N 347-60001-21). old separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).

*12 Use a high-concentration sample measurement system for SALD-301V analyzers (P/N 346-63420-21).Sold separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).

*13 Use a high-concentration sample measurement system for SALD-201V analyzers (P/N 346-63141-21).Sold separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).

*14 Use an SALD-DS5 Injection Type Dry Measurement Unit (P/N 347-61706-42 (115 V), 347-61706-44 (230 V)).Sold separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).Requires separate, compressor, and dust collector.

*15 Use an SALD-DS5 Injection Type Dry Measurement Unit (P/N 347-61707-20 (115 V), 347-61707-30 (230 V)).Sold separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).Requires separate detector case for SALD-3101 (P/N 347-60010-21), compressor, and dust collector.

*16 Use an SALD-DS3 Free-Fall Type Dry Measurement Unit (P/N 346-61206-21 (115 V), 346-61206-31 (230 V)).Sold separately from the main analyzer (measurement unit).Requires separate detector case for SALD-3101 (P/N 347-60010-21) and dust collector.

Dispersion Bath

Side ScatteredLight Sensor

Backward Scattered Light Sensor

Forward ScatteredLight Sensor

Light Source

Flow Cell

Pump

Stirrer

UltrasonicSonicator

Batch Cells for SALD-3101/SALD-2300/SALD-7101

SALD-BC30

SALD-BC23

SALD-BC71

12cm3

12cm3

7cm3

SALD-3101

SALD-2300

SALD-7101

SALD-MS71

SALD-MS23

SALD-MS30

280cm3

100～300cm3 *1

400cm3

1600cm3/min

1600cm3/min

5000cm3/min

Yes

Yes

No

Yes

Yes

No

SALD-7101

SALD-2300

SALD-3101

*1 The sample quantity is changable. 100mL, 200mL or 300mL can be selected.

17

Samplers for SALD-3101/SALD-2300/SALD-7101


Free-Fall Type Dry Measurement Unit for SALD-3101

SALD-DS5 for 3101

SALD-DS5 for 2300

SALD-3101

SALD-2300

*1 Requires separate compressor and dust collector

*2 SALD-3101 requires separate detector case (P/N 347-60010-21)

CondenserLens

Detection Surface

Laser LightSource

CollimatorLens

Diffraction/ScatteringImage

Diffracted/ScatteredLight Sensor

Suction

Vibrating Feeder

Free-Fall

SALD-DS3 free-fall type dry measurement

unit installed on SALD-3101

SALD-DS5 cyclone injection type dry measurement

unit installed on SALD-2300

Ejector

Hopper

Air Inlet to PreventBackflow

Ejector

Air Valve

(Compressed AirSource)

Sample can be injectedonly under the operationof a vacuum cleaner

3 Types

Injection Nozzle

Injection

Sensor for Forward Scattered Light

Scattered Light

Condensing Lens

Sample Particles

Pressure Sensor toConfirm the Operationof Dust Collector

Suction

Suction Tube

Suction Nozzle

Hand Switch

Pressure Regulator(PC Control)

PC

18

Powder Samples Can Be Measured Without Preparation

Continuous Measurement Software for SALD-7101

WingSALD-7101 CM SALD-7101

Measuring high-concentration

samples using regular methods

Using high-concentration

sample measurement system

SALD-HC71

SALD-HC23

SALD-HC30

SALD-301V-HC

SALD-201V-HC

SALD-7101

SALD-2300

SALD-3101

SALD-301V

SALD-201V

Glass sample plate (0.1mm)






0.1mm (100μm)

0.2mm (200μm)

0.3mm (300μm)

0.4mm (400μm)

0.5mm (500μm)

0.05mm (50μm)

10

10

10

10

10

10

0.03cm3

0.06cm3

0.09cm3

0.12cm3

0.15cm3

0.015cm3

Few hundred ppm

to several percent

CrossSection

Indentation Depth

Glass Sample Plate(glass slide with indentation)

RoundIndentation

Glass SamplePlate

Glass Slide

Sample

Glass Sample Plates (glass slides with indentation sold separately)

Optional Software

19

High-Concentration Sample Measurement System for SALD Series

Printed in Japan 3655-12214-10A-IK

© Shimadzu Corporation, 2013

Measurement and Data Display Functions

Measurement of Particle Size Distribution

Refractive Index Setting

Real-Time Display of Particle Size Distribution

Real-Time Display of Light Intensity Distribution

Display of Particle Size Distribution Data

Display of Light Intensity Distribution

Recalculation of Particle Size Distribution

Diagnostics/Adjustments

Statistical Data Processing

Time-Series Processing

3-Dimensional Graphing

Data Transfer via Clipboard

Data Sorting

Report Function

Allows measurements using measurement assistant function (interactive process based on SOP)

Automatic refractive index calculation function makes setting the refractive index easy.

Min. 1-second intervals

Min. 1-second intervals

Displays overlay of max. 200 distributions

Displays overlay of max. 200 distributions

Batch recalculation of max. 200 distributions

Self-diagnostic function and cell check function

Max. 200 sets of data (also allows overlaying max. 200 data sets)

Max. 200 sets of data

Max. 200 sets of data

[Image Output]: Outputs entire data sheet or graph only.

[Text Output]: Outputs summary data, particle size distribution data, or light intensity distribution data.

Sorts by �le name, sample ID, sample number, or refractive index

Single data sets (6 templates), overlaid data (5 templates), statistical data, time-series data,

or 3D data can be selected and output using batch processing

Output Conditions

Particle Size (µm) Divisions

Particle Amount (%) Divisions

Distribution Basis

Expression of Cumulative Distribution

Expression of Frequency Distribution

Smoothing Levels

Distribution Function Fitting

Data Shifting

Fixed 51 or 101 divisions

Fixed 51 divisions

Count, length, area, or volume

Oversized or undersized

q, q / ∆×, q / ∆log ×

10 levels

Rosin-Rammler distribution, logarithmic Gaussian distribution

±10 levels

Data Analysis Functions

Scattering Angle Evaluation Function

Data Emulation Functions

Mixture Data Simulation Function

Data Connection Function

Evaluates scattering characteristics within micro angle regions for samples such as optical �lms and sheets.

Emulates measurement results from other instruments and measurement principles, using SALD series measurement results.

Simulates particle size distributions using any mixture ratio of multiple particle size distributions.

Combines two particle size distributions with different measurement ranges at any particle size point

to create a single particle size distribution.

OS

CPU

MEMORY

HDD

CD-ROM Drive

RS-232C Port

Display

Printer

Windows 7 * WingSALD CM series is compatible with Windows XP only.

Pentium Dual-Core 2.5 GHz min.

2GB min.

Min. 1 GB of free space required.

Required for software installation

One port required (However, two ports are required to control the sampler from the PC.)

SXGA (1280 × 1024 pixels) min.

Must be compatible with operating system.

User settable 51 divisions

User settable 51 divisions

PC Requirements

The software is included standard on a CD-R with the SALD system (optical system). Install the software on a PC that meets the following speci�cations.

*1 Windows is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation in the United States and other countries.

*2 Other company names and product names mentioned in this document are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective companies.

*3 The TM and ® symbols are omitted in this document.

SALD Series Measurement and Data Processing Software

WingSALD II Speci�cations

Particle Size Analyzers

particle size analyzers

Documents