particle and nuclear physics at j-parc july 16, 2003 lattice 2003 jun imazato kek, ipns
TRANSCRIPT
Particle and Nuclear Physicsat J-PARC
July 16, 2003Lattice 2003
Jun ImazatoKEK, IPNS
Outline
Overview of J-PARC (Japan Proton Accelerator Research Complex) Strong interaction physics program
– Nuclear physics– Hadron physics
Other particle physics program– Kaon and muon decay physics– Neutrino oscillation
Construction status etc. Summary
Project overview
J-PARC is a high-intensity proton accelerator complex in Japan now under construction consisting of:1. 600 MeV linac2. 3 GeV rapid cycling synchrotron3. 50 GeV main synchrotron4. Experimental facilities
■ Joint project of High Energy Accelerator Research Organization (KEK) and Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI)
■ Construction started in 2001 at JAERI Tokai site and completion will be in 2007.
■ A variety of sciences ranging from particle physics to materials and life sciences will be researched.
Configuration of the accelerators
NeutronMuon
Proton accelerators in the world
IPNS
1000
10000
100
10
1
0.01
0.1
0.1 1 10 100 1000 10000
Energy (GeV)
AGS
CERN-PSFNAL-MI
U70
SPS
ISISTRIUMF
PSI(CW)
KEK-12GeV PS
Tevatron
This Project3 GeV
ExistingUnderconstruction
Power
KEK-500MeVBooster
SNS
Proposed
-Materials LifeSciences
1 MW
0.1 MW
ESS
-Nuclear ParticlePhysics
This Project50 GeV
Bird’s-eye view of J-PARC
• Japan Atomic Energy Research Institute (JAERI) Tokai Site
Particle Nuclear Physics
50 GeV SynchrotronNeutrino
Life & Material Science3 GeV Synchrotron
Linac
Nuclear Transmutation
Physics at 50-GeV PS
Nuclear (strong interaction) physics & Particle physics with K, π, , pbar, and other secondary beams
– Hypernuclear spectroscopy– Hyperon-nucleon scattering– Mesons in nuclear matter– Hadron spectroscopy– Neutrino oscillation experiment using Super-Kamiokande– Kaon rare decays to measure CKM matrix elements– CP violation and other symmetry breaking– Low energy QCD in meson decays– Flavor mixing and other topics beyond the Standard Model
Nuclear physics with primary beams – Physics with proton beams (polarized beams in the future)– High-density matter with heavy-ion beams in the future
Experimental hall plan
Strong interaction physicsStrangeness nuclear physics
Hadron physics
Strangeness nuclear physics
Nuclear physics from nuclear surface to nuclear matter:– Does a nucleon keep its identity in deep nuclear matter?
Hyperon imbedded into deep nuclear matter (Hypernucleus) :– Bound in deep states without Pauli blocking– Spectroscopy → mass, potential, YN interaction etc.– Decay study → decay width, moment etc.
Hypernuclei produced in secondary beam reactions: (K,), (,K), (K-,K+) etc.– Only poor data until now due to limited beam intensity Qualitative data improvements expected at J-PARC
Hypernuclear spectroscopy
S=-1 So far and hypernuclear spectroscopy using (K,) and (,K) reactions and
Potential ( ) and shell structure (),N spin-spin interaction, from splitting, etc.Weak force from decays
J-PARCHigh resolution spectroscopy of nuclei ->core excitation, width High-resolution spectroscopy in nuclei -> YN interaction etc. B(E2), B(M1)Deeply-bound kaonic nuclear states ->cold &dense nuclear matter
■ S=-2 : Spectroscopic study of the S=-2 system using (K-, K+)■ reactions will be a new field, which is impossible now with the ■ current beam intensities.
expectation of transitions
Spectroscopy of S=-2 systems
hypernuclei and double hypernuclei double hypernuclear spectroscopy :
only several events reported until now. hypernuclear spectroscopy :
discovery of a hypernucleus expected. mixed states of , and H states ?
K. Ikeda et al., Prog. Theor. Phys. 91 (1994) 747
(K-, K+) reaction at 1.8 GeV/c needs high beam intensity Small cross section e.g. 208Pb(K-,K+) with 2g/cm2 thick target
~6 events/MeV/day
S=-3 - nuclei, charmed-hypernuclei etc.
(K-,K+) spectroscopy of -hypernuclei
∆E~ 2 MeV (FWHM)BL= 6 Tm
K-
K+
1.8 GeV/c
MHY - MA
expectation
NN
YN
from Dover & Feshbach Ann.Phys.198(90)321
+p, Σ++p, Σ−+p and Ξ−+p scatteringNeed high quality data with high statistics
Hyperon-nucleon scattering
Understanding of the flavor SU(3) baryon-baryon interaction.
– YN, YY < NN ?– Repulsive or attractive ?– Repulsive cores in YN/YY ?
What is the origin ?– Spin-dependent forces in Y
N/YY.– Dibaryons ?
■ Recent data from KEK 12-GeV PS (E251, E289, E452)
• Goto et al., NP A648(1999)263• Kondo et al., NP A676(2000)371
still poor data =====>
Proton beam physics
Proposals to study: Meson mass in nuclear matter (next slide)
– Partial restoration of chiral symmetry breaking
Dimuon production from Drell-Yan process and J/ _ _– d/u asymmetry (DY)– Antiquak distibution, etc. (DY)– Quark energy loss in nuclei (DY)– Quarkonium production (J/)
Analyzing power An at large p⊥2 using polarized beam
– Comparison with PQCD and other models Intermediate-mass nuclear fragmentation
– Nuclear liquid-gas phase transition
Hadrons in nuclear matter
Hypernucleus
NormalNucleus
Baryon Implantation Meson Implantation
e+
e−
Meson
Hyperon
Methods to study the origin of hadron mass:– Lattice QCD (theory)– Implantation of a hadron in nuclear matter (J-PARC)
■ Change of meson mass in nuclear matter due to “partial restoration of chiral symmetry”.
Vector meson decay →l+l-
KEK E325 ; K. Ozawa, et al., Phys. Rev. Lett. 86, 5019 (2001).
T.Hatsuda and S.H.Lee, Phys.Rev. C46, R34 (1992)Muroya et al. , hep-lat/0208006
Hadron spectroscopy
Proposals to look for: Gluonic degrees of freedom and exotic states Search for glueballs: gg, ggg
– scalar glueball (0++): 1.5~1.8 GeV/c2
– tensor glueball (2++): > 2.0 GeV/c2
Search for hybrids and exotics _ _– ssg , ccg _ _ _ – qqqq, qqqqq, qqqqqq _
Studies of charmonium (cc) and charmed baryons
■ Missing baryon states in SU(3)
Data with high statistics at J-PARC are essential. 10 GeV K- beam with > 106/sec 20 GeV π± beam, ● 30-50 GeV p beam antiproton beam
Kaon and muon decay physics
Kaon decay physics at J-PARC
■ High precision frontier using high-intensity beams■ Test of the Standard Model and search for new physics■ Complementary to B physics and to the energy frontierCKM matrix determination and test of unitary triangle
Unitarity relation VudVub
* + VcdVcb* + VtdVtb
* =0
Usefullness of FCNC decays _ K0
L→ 0 K+ → (0,0) (1,0)
)
VudVub*
VcdVcb*
VtdVtb*
Proposed K decay experiments
■ CP violation■ _■ K0
L→0 ■ re dca■ 1000 events ■ ∝2 A4 X 2(xt)
■ Standard Model ■ _
■ K+→ re dca
100 ∝[0] A4 X2(xt)
■ T violation (muon polarization)■ K+→ 0 ; PT ≦10-4 ■ K+→ ; PT ~ 10-4
■ K decay form factors
T violation in K+→0 decay
Search for new physics beyond the SM Multi-Higgs doublet model Leptoquark model R -parity violating SUSY etc.
■ PT in K+→ also measured.
■ Muon transverse polarization PT
PT ~ 10-4 at J-PARC
BNL-E923?
BR and
■ So many channels of leptonic, semileptonic, hadronic and radiative decays
Decay modes with small branching ratio will become possible to explore with high intensity beams at J-PARC. e.g. : Kl 4 、 Kl 3 、 K
■ Good field to test effective theories of low energy QCD
Analysis with Chiral Perturbation Theory e.g. of recent KEK data: K direct emission with chiral anomaly (KEK E470) scattering length using final state interactions with more than two pions : K3 , Ke4 , ..
■ Test of fundamental couplings in the weak decay Tensor and scalar contribution? ( Recent KEK data on Ke3) CKM matrix unitarity? (Proposal to determine Vus from Ke3 ) (Ke3) ~ |f+(0) Vus|2 : accuracy of f+(0) calculation needed.
Example: some issues in K→l
■ M ∝ [ f+(q2) (pK + p’) + f-(q2) (pK - p’)]
f+(q2) = f+(0) [1 + + q2/m2] , (q2) = f-(q2)/f+(q2)
f0(q2) = f+(q2) +[q2/(mK2-m
2) ] f-( q2), f0(q2) = f+(0) [1 + 0 q2/m2]
f+(0) : lattice calculation (f+(0)=1 in SU(3) symmetry)+ : experiment + = 0.0282±0.0027 (PDG)0 : ChPT 0 = 0.0168 ±0.0012 (0= + in SU(3) )
■ Three experimental methods to measure (0) (or 0)1) (K3)/(Ke3) (0=0.019±0.005(stat)±0.004 from recent KEK data) 2) Dalitz spectrum3) polarization
Large scattering of (0) (or 0) values among experimental data and experimental methods?
Settling at J-PARC is desirable.
Muon physics
10-1410-1210-1010-810-610-410-2
1940195019601970198019902000Year
KL0→eK+→eA→eA→eee→e High intensity muon source
– PRISM collaboration Lepton flavor violation
→e conversion 10-18 at J-PARC sensitive to SUSY-GUT etc. →e →3e _ Mu-Mu conversion - + conversion
Precise measurements g-2, EDM Michel parameters
Neutrino Oscillation
beam of ~1GeVKamioka
JAERI(Tokai-mura)
→ → xx disappearance
→ → ee appearanceNC measurement
0.75 MW 50 GeV PS
Super-K: 50 ktonWater Cherenkov
~Mt “Hyper Kamiokande”
4MW 50GeV PS
CPVproton decay
1st Phase (x102 of K2K)2nd Phase
J-PARC-Kamioka neutrino experiment
inin disappearance
■ Sensitivity at J-PARC (sin22 ) ~ 0.01 (m2) < 1×10-4 ; in 5 years ~ (130 days/year)
■Allowed region from SK and K2K
m232 (eV2)
OAB-3o
(m
232 ) OAB-2o
(si
n2 2
)
K2K
SK
JHF
Sensitivity of e appearance
■ Discovery of e
with a sensitivity at m2 ~3x10-3 eV2
down to sin221 ~0.006 (90% C.L.)
■ Twenty times improvement over the past experiments
Exc
lud
ed b
y r
eact
or
exp
’s
x20 improvement
Construction status etc.
Construction of Phase 1
Item
Linac Bldg
Linac Accel
3GeV Bldg
3GeV Accel
3GeV Exp Bldg
3GeV Exp Fac
50GeV Bldg
50GeV Accel
50GeV Exp Bldg
50GeV Exp Fac
Power 0.1% 1% 10Åì Å 1̀00Åì
Beam Test
3GeV BT
Installation
10Åì Å 1̀00Åì
Beam Test
Construction
Installation
Beam TestInstallationConstruction
Beam TestConstruction Installation
Power 0.1% 1% 10Åì Å 1̀00Åì
Installation
Beam Test
Beam Test
Construction Installation
Start Usage
Test Periodţ
Open to Users
Year2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009
Construction
Power 0.1% 1%
Phase 1
Phase 2
Linac(Normal Conducting)
50 GeV PS
Neutrinos toSuperKamiokande
50 GeV PSExperimental Area3 GeV PS
(25Hz)
R&D for NuclearTransmutation
Linac(Superconducting)
3 GeV PSExperimental Area
Preparation of experiments
Call for Letter of Intent for experiments : July 2002 Submission of LoI : Dec.2002
– Strangeness nuclear physics : 6– Hadron physics : 7– Kaon decay : 5– Neutrino oscillation : 1– Muon decay : 3– Facility : 9
Screening of LoI by pre-PAC : June 2003 Selection of a few candidates of Day1experiments Full experimental proposals and layout of beamlines : in
2004
Other facilities at J-PARC
1014
1015
1016
1017
1018
10-4 10-3 10-2 10-1 100 101
Coupled H2
Energy (eV)
ILL (Cold)
Decoupled H2Decoupled H2(poisoned)
■ Materials and Life Science FacilityUse of 3 GeV RCS pulsed beam Neutron facility Scattering Diffraction Radiography ……
Muon facility SR
Condensed matter, soft matter, Structual biology, Industrial application, …
■ Nuclear Waste Transmutation (ADS) Technical development using the linac beam
Pulse n Peak intensity J-PARC
1MW= ~200× ILL2nd
Neutron diffraction from protein
From structure to function
Hen Egg-White Lysozyme
Water moleculesobserved withneutrons
X-rays Neutrons
タンパク質DNA
A proteinmoleculemoving alongthe DNA chain
Protein
Hydrogen (H) Oxygen (O)
Summary
J-PARC is now under construction aiming for the completion of Phase 1 in 2007.
It will deliver many kinds of hadron beams with the world highest intensity.
Not only neutrino oscillation and rare decay physics, but also a variety of strong interaction physics (QCD and nuclear) will be main projects at the 50 GeV proton synchrotron.
J-PARC aims for an international research center in many science fields.
End of Slides