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PART 5 Some Published Reports and Burial Information for the Bignall Family of Manilla

Notes and Anticipations (racing news)

The following officials have been appointed in connection with the Manilla Race Club: Judge, Mr Stoddart; clerk of the scales, Mr McKenzie; clerk of the course, Mr W H Bignall; starter, M A E Bailey; assistant starter, Mr H Fisher.

Sydney Morning Herald, 5th September 1906

Wedding

At the Hamilton Presbyterian Church, Newcastle, on Wednesday 20th March, the marriage of James, youngest son of Mr Henry Bignall, Arlington, Manilla, and Eva, eldest daughter of Mr George Irwin, Wickham, Newcastle, was celebrated by the Rev A. Thain Anderson. The service was choral, the church being prettily decorated for the occasion by members of the choir. The ceremony took place at 3 o'clock in the afternoon, after which a reception was held at the WIckham School of Arts, where about 40 guests sat down. The bridesmaids were Miss Veinie and Florrie Irwin, sisters of the bride, and Mr W. Kitcher of Newcastle acted as best man. The bride wore a pretty dress of cream embroidered crepe voile, with chiffon and silk trimmings, and court train, wreath and veil, and carried a white shower bouquet. The bridesmaids wore dresses of cream silk muslin, trimmed with valenciennes lace and insertion, with hats to match, and carried pale pink shower bouquets, and wore pearl wreath brooches, gifts of the bridegroom. The bride's going away dress was green embroidered crepoline with hat to match. The young couple were the recipients of many valuable and useful presents.

Article in Manilla Express, 10th April 1907(copied from Newcastle press)

Wedding BellsBignall - Johnson [sic]

The Presbyterian church was packed to overflowing on Wednesday afternoon by an interested congregation which had assembled to witness the marriage of George Thomas, eldest son of Mr H Bignall of 'Arlington' Manilla, and Alicia, eldest daughter of Mr W J Johnston of Rushes Creek. Flowers were freely used to decorate the edifice, and a large wedding bell with initials of the bride and bridegroom hung above the young couple. An arch of flowers gracefully bent above the entrance gate, and ropes of greenery stretched from there to the porch. Rev. A M Ogilvie performed the ceremony and the choir rendered hymns.

The bride, who was given away by her father, wore a white silk dress (with court train) trimmed with true lovers' knots, Brussel net frills and valenciennes lace; with orange blossoms, wreath and veil. She wore the bridegroom's gift - a valuable gold bangle, and carried a pretty shower bouquet, made at 'Brubri'.

The bridesmaids were Miss Bignall and Miss Agnes Johnston. The former wore cream voile trimmed with lace, heliotrope sash, with white felt hat, trimmed with green. Miss Johnston wore cream voile lace trimmings, pink sash, white felt hat with pink trimmings. Each wore a gold bangle, the gift of the bridegroom. They carried bouquets of violets and pink roses, respectively, also gifts from 'Brubri'.

This being the first marriage celebrated in the local church, the young couple were presented with a Bible by the minister. At the conclusion of the ceremony there was a great gathering of the respective families, relatives and friends at Mr J Thom's where the reception was held. A dainty repast was very nicely served on the decorated table, after which several toasts were honored, the chairman (Rev A M Ogilvie) proposing the health of the happy couple. Mr Bignall replied, and gave the toast of the bridesmaids, Mr Johnston responding. He also acknowledged the toast of the Best man, given by Mr Vincent. Mr C Norris proposed the health of the Bride's Parents, Mr Johnston Senr replying. Mr Vincent proposed the toast of the Bridegroom's Parents, Mr W Bignall acknowledging. Music was afterwards indulged in until the train left. Mrs Bignall's travelling dress was one of grey tweed, relieved with a cream cloth, with pretty grey hat to match. The honeymoon is being spent in Armidale.

On account of the pressure of space we regret having to hold over the list of presents till next issue.

Article in Manilla Express Sat 25th May 1907

Following is the list of the presents of the Bignall-Johnston wedding, crowded out of last issue:-

Bridegroom to Bride, gold bangleBride to Bridegroom, gold sleeve linksBride's parents, cheque and house linenBridegroom's parents, cheque and wardrobeMiss Bignall, Japanese tables and clothMiss A Johnston, tray and tray clothMr and Mrs W Bignall, silver mounted jam dishMr and Mrs C Norris, silver honey jarMr and Mrs J Bignall, silver desert forks and spoonsMr and Mrs G Woolaston, silver cruetMiss Kelly, lampMiss A kelly, pictureMr T Sims (Nemingha), gold brochMr and Mrs Harvey, vasesMr and Mrs W Veness, jug and fruit dish,

Bignall Notes – Published Reports 5.1

Misses E and T Harvey, desert dishMrs T Sims, tea setMiss Dorothy Martin, vasesMr and Mrs W Martin (Cowra [sic, Nowra]), silver desert spoons and forksMr and Mrs R J Johnston, silver butter dishMr J Harvey, silver serviette ringsMr Wynn Baldwin, silver egg cruet,Norris children, fruit dishMr and Mrs W Kelly jun, silver fruit basketMr and Mrs L McDonald, silver mounted pickle jar,Mr and Mrs A Baldwin, set of carvers and silver teaspoonsMr W Harvey, silver dinner cruetMr W Johnston jun (Nemingha), silver breakfast cruetMr T Harvey, silver mounted jam [?]Miss Woolaston, fancy cushionMrs Muggleton, silver butter knifeMr and Mrs P Muggleton, silver breakfast cruetMr and Mrs Thom, decanterMis E Sims (Nemingha), silver mounted salt cellarMr R J Muggleton jun, clockMiss Harvey, silver mounted honey jarMr H Stoddart, silver mounted biscuit barrel

Article in Manilla Express 1st June 1907

Bignall relations at that time have been bold faced. At the reception Will Bignall spoke for his invalid father.

Death of an Infant

There is a Reaper, whose name is Death, And, with his sickle keen, He reaps the bearded grain at a breath, And the flowers that grow between.

On Monday afternoon the reaper claimed one of the flowers that grow between, a bonny baby boy three weeks old, son of Mr and Mrs W Bignall. The baby died rather suddenly at the residence of Mrs Bignall's parents Mr and Mrs Wheatley in Arthur street.

Article in Manilla Express 12th June 1907 (The quotation is from H W Longfellow)

Sydney Morning Herald 14th November 1907

Death of Mrs H. Bignall

The home of that staunch and true man, Mr H Bignall, has been touched by the icy hand of Death. Mrs H Bignall died at her residence, on Wednesday afternoon, after a protracted illness. She bore her six months' suffering with great fortitude and strength, and passed peacefully away, surrounded by many members of her family. The deceased lady was 65 years of age; and was born at Morpeth. For thirty years she lived in the Tamworth and Manilla districts, and has always borne the honoured name of a motherly, kind-hearted woman. Some few years ago affliction pressed heavily on the family, owing to Mr Bignall's loss of sight, followed later by a very serious illness, and Mrs Bignall never seemed to thoroughly recover from the shock. The direct cause of death was paralysis. The family is well and widely-known, and a number of messages of condolence were received. The deceased leaves a husband and 10 children - Mrs George Woolaston (Somerton), Mrs Athel Baldwin, Mrs W Veness, Mrs C Norris, Mrs Len MacDonald, Mrs W Martin (South Coast), Miss Maud Bignall, Messrs George, William and James Bignall. The funeral took place on Thursday afternoon, the body, which was placed in a polished cedar coffin with gold mountings, being first taken to the Church of England, where the opening part of the burial service was conducted, Rev H C Barnes officiating. The pall bearers were Messrs G Woolaston, Athel Baldwin, W Veness and C Norris (sons-in-law). A number of wreaths were placed on the coffin.

Manilla Express 16th November 1907


Methodist Flower Show Opened by the Mayor A Magnificent Display

The annual Flower Show and Fine Arts Exhibition in aid of the Methodist Church funds was opened in the Mechanics' Institute on Thursday evening. The function was officially opened by the Mayor (Ald H. Stoddart), who said during his remarks, that the community owed a debt of gratitude to the Methodist Church for the inauguration of the flower shows in Manilla.

The promoters of the show have succeeded in bringing together a meritorious display. The hall is most artistically decorated with large palms (from Gosford), wild oats, and other greenery. The decorations eclipse all previous efforts in this direction, and the artistic work was responsible for a deal of complementary remarks on Thursday evening.

The collection of flowers, despite the fact that we have had frosts in October, is the best the writer has ever seen at similar shows.

There a five stalls in the body of the hall - Flower, Produce, Sweets, Fancy, and Toy Land. Each stall is well-filled, and stall-holders experienced a busy time. At the northern side of the building a marquee has been specially erected for the soft drinks stall, and beneath the palms the pop, pop, popping of the numerous corks tell of the busy time the attractive waitresses are enjoying. Adjoining the drinks stall is the "park" which is as usual the source of attraction, and is a great magnet for the young people. Oak trees are "growing" in numerous numbers, and Gypsy tables are dotted here and there.

Refreshments may be had in the supper room, behind the stage.

Everything in connection with the exhibition looks well, and when the doors finally close tonight (Saturday) we hope the labours of the energetic workers will be rewarded by a financial result exceeding the most sanguine anticipations.

The gross takings amounted to £30 on Thursday evening.

The promoters have added poultry to the exhibition this year, and a number of fine birds are exhibited.

The show was continued last evening and will be concluded tonight. The market tea will be held this afternoon, tea on tables from 5.30.

In addition to the ordinary kerosine lamps, acetylene gas has been temporarily installed in the hall.

Subjoined is a list of the prize winners:-

.....

19. Specimen rose, dark. Prize 2/- Mrs Athel Baldwin; six entries.

20. Collection of Roses, 3 distinct varieties, dark. Prize 2/6 Mrs Athel Baldwin; four entries.

21. Collection of Roses, 3 distinct varieties, light. Prize 2/6 Mrs Athel Baldwin; ten entries.

22. Champion Rose, light or dark. Prize 3/- Mrs Athel Baldwin; 14 entries.

.....

28. Collection of Verbenas. Prize 2/- Miss R. Veness; six entries.

.....

76. Writing by child under 14 years. "Return Good for Evil" Prize 2/6

Clarrie Veness; 10 entries.

Manilla Express November 1908Non Bignall-related prizewinners have been omitted.

WeddingBaldwin - Bignall

A very pretty wedding was solemnised at Holy Trinity church on Wednesday afternoon, when Mr Wynn Baldwin, youngest son of the late Mr C Baldwin was joined in holy bonds of wedlock with Miss Maud Bignall, youngest daughter of Mr H Bignall, "Arlington", Manilla. Rev H C Barnes was the officiating clergyman. The church was crowded with relatives and friends of the young couple. Flowers and greenery were used as a means of attractively decorating the interior of the sacred edifice.

A large wedding bell and the floral initials "M B" and "W B" were suspended above the bridal party as they stood at the altar rails. The bride, who was given away by her brother (Mr James Bignall) wore a handsome Empire gown, beautifully embroidered with silk applique net, over chiffon satin, trimmed with chiffon mealines lace daintily finished in silver. She also wore the customary wreath and veil, the latter being of embroidered point lace; and brooch and drop necklet set with olivines and pearls (the gift of the bridegroom). The bride carried a magnificent shower bouquet of double white sweet peas, white carnations, orchids, maiden hair fern and asparagus. The bridesmaids were Miss Evelyn Woolaston and Miss Eva Baldwin who looked very dainty in white chiffon muslin, prettily trimmed with mealines lace and insertion with sashes of same. The costumes were rendered complete by the white hats with pretty drooped lining and pink roses and splash bows of ribbon. They carried crooks of red and white carnations, asparagus and maiden-hair fern. The flowers were secured from E. Horton and Co, Sydney through the local agents H and E Burrell. The bridesmaids each wore a gold cable


bangle, gifts of the bridegroom. Mr L Harden acted as best man, and Mr Fletcher as groomsman.

Appropriate music was rendered in connection with the ceremony, the congregation singing "The voice that breathed o'er Eden" as the bride, looking radiant and happy, enered the church. At the conclusion of the service, as the young couple passed down the aisle, Mendelssohn's "Wedding March" was played by Miss A P Whatley (organ) and Miss E Connelly (violin). The young couple were showered with confetti as they passed over the carpetted way from the porch to the gate en route to their vehicle. A reception was afterwards held at the Mechanics' Institute, and light refreshments were served. Several toasts were made. The Rev H C Barnes proposed the health of the Bride and Bridegroom, the latter responding. The bridegroom proposed "the Bridesmaids", responded to by Mr Harden. The "Parents of the young couple" was given by Mr Trenerry, Mr H Stoddart responding. Several wires were received from relations and friends. Later on in the afternoon Mr and Mrs Baldwin drove to Tamworth, caught the 9 o'clock train, and journeyed to Sydney where the honeymoon is being spent. The bride's travelling dress was a very becoming gown of white and heliotrope bordered voile, the skirt being finished with a scalloped band of silk. The bodice was prettily draped trimmed with embossed guipure and caught with a large buckle of silk. The hat was white silk net with clusters of wisteria and ribbon. [ obscure ]

Appended is a list of [ obscure ] -

Mother of bridegroom, bronze hanging lamp;Father of bride, cheque;Mr and Mrs R Stewart, pickle jar with silver stand;Mr Stedman and Miss Williams, silver hot water kettle;Mr and Mrs Mackenzie, silver vases;Mr and Mrs Stoddart, silver egg cruet;Mr and Miss Donnelly, sweet dishes on silver stand;Mr and Mrs Wilshire, silver serviette rings;Mr and Mrs Arthur Baldwin, silver egg cruet;Miss Connelly, silver mounted vases;Mr and Mrs Athel Baldwin, picture;Mr and Mrs Russell, picture;Mr and Mrs J Bignall, set of carvers;Mr and Mrs E H Russell, pickle jar in silver stand;Mr and Mrs W Bignall, cake basket;Mr and Mrs G T Woolaston, salad bowl and servers;Miss Williams and Mr Tout, silver hot water jug;Mr and Mrs Trenerry, silver and glass butter dish;Mr L Harden, silver candlestick;Mr and Mrs A Haydon, salad bowl and servers;Mr and Mrs Lord (Fiji), silver teapot;Mr G and Miss Baker, half dozen cake forks;Mr and Mrs Ellis, silver cake basket;Miss I and P Oliphant, silver card receiver;Mrs Harden, pie dish in silver stand;Mrs Dimmock, oak and silver biscuit barrel;Misses M and S Veness, silver egg cruet;Mr Elliot Cohen, cheque;Mr Johnstone, cheque;Mr and Mrs L McDonald, silver egg cruet;Miss Goodsell, silver sugar scuttle;Mr Kruse, half dozen cake forks;Mr and Mrs J Simpson, sweet dish in silver stand;Miss Dora Stoddart, fancy work;Miss V Irwin, silver jam spoon and butter knife;Mrs Williams, tray cloth;Mrs L Dowe, cheque;Mr T Woolaston, sweet dish in silver stand;Misses E and G Woolaston, oil painting (landscape);Mr and Mrs Veness, afternoon tea spoons;Master Ray Bignall, sugar sifter;Miss Slater, fancy work;Miss Reeves, butter dish and knife;Master Gordon Woolaston, ink stand;Misses E and G Woolaston, cheese dish;Mrs and Misses Saxby, oil painting (seascape);Mr W Hartley, silver butter dish;Mrs Wheatley, fancy work;Elsie and Gladys Woolaston, picture;Mr and Mrs Norris, dinner cruet;L and C Norris, jam dish;Mr P Worth, silver shaving set;Mr and Mrs Worth, silver mounted photo frames;Mr Woolfe, set carvers in case;Mr and Mrs Robertson (Queensland), silver cake basket;Matron and Nursing Staff at Hospital, pair silver vases;Mr and Mrs R McLaurin Smith, silver toast rack;Miss H Bignall (Manly), drawn thread work;Mrs and Miss Dimmock, fancy work;Miss Baldwin, brass fender;Mr Haskew, marble clock;Rev and Mrs Barnes, pair silver serviette rings;


Miss A Wheatley, pair oil paintings (landscape and seascape);Miss S P McIntyre, picture;Miss Simpson, pair salt cellars;Miss Gorrick (Maitland), half dozen tea spoons;Miss Woolaston, half dozen cake forks;Mr and Mrs T Priest, silver butter knife and jam spoon in case;Misses E and L McDonald, pair silver serviette rings;Miss Amy Woolaston, oil painting (fruit);Mr and Mrs H Dowe, silver butter dish;Miss Dorothy Martin, silver breakfast cruet;Miss L Ross, oil painting (fruit):Miss McPherson, oil painting (roses);Mr and Mrs Cousins, picture;Mr and Mrs Liston, picture;Mrs Geo. Dowe, cheque;Mr and Mrs L Dowe, cheque.

Manilla Express November 1908

Bignall relations at that time have been bold faced. This time Henry Stoddart responded for his friend Henry Bignall.

Sensational Bolt

A bolt of a sensational character occured on Monday afternoon at about 4 o'clock. Mrs J Bignall had occasion to visit Whitehead's Jewellery Hall, and left her baby boy and mother (Mrs Irwin, who is on a visit to Manilla), outside in a sulky. By some means the horse freed itself of the winkers, and made off. The animal turned the corner into Strafford-street, and was headed into Alexandra Lane by some gentlemen. The horse went up the lane, across Court-street and continued its mad career down the lane past Mr Odell's cordial factory. The bolt ended here, as the sulky came into contact with the corner of the fence near the railway embankment, and was capsized, the occupants being dashed heavily to the ground. Mrs Irwin was conveyed to the hospital, where it was ascertained that one of her legs was broken below the knee, and her body badly bruised. The baby, a bright little chap of 10 months, was cut above the eye. The couple had a miraculous escape from being more seriously injured. On inquiry yesterday afternoon at the hospital, we were informed that Mrs Irwin was doing well.


Manilla Girls' College Distribution of Prizes

The annual prize-giving and breaking up in connection with the Manilla Girls' College took place on Thursday evening at the college. There was a large attendance of parents of the pupils. The following musical programme was given by the children: Song, "three Little Kittens", Lower School; trio, Misses A Patterson, M Geddes, M McKid; song, "Goody Goody Girls", Misses L and I Fermor, G Evans; duet, "Les Rat", Misses E and M Baldwin; ......

Dancing was interspersed and the children enjoyed themselves thoroughly. The dance music was played by Misses V Geddes, E Woolfe, G Geddes, M McKid, A Patterson, M Geddes, E and M Baldwin.

.......

Mr Stoddart presented the prizes.

.......

Attendance: Marjorie Baldwin Neatest Exercises, Upper School E Baldwin Neatest Painting book Doreen Baldwin Conduct, Lower School Doreen Baldwin Neatest Examination Papers, Lower School Florrie Norris

Manilla Express 23rd December 1908

Eva Baldwin was born in 1894, Marjorie in 1895, Doreen in 1899; Florence Norris in 1897.


Hospital Benefit Races A Great Success

Officials: President, Mr W M Trenerry. Judge, Mr H Stoddart. Committee: Messrs H Stoddart, Chas Baldwin, A Baldwin, R McL Smith, D Lightfoot, H G Kruse, W L Richardson, James Bignall, W H Bignall, J Corrigan, J T Byrnes, Dr Ellis. Hon Treasurer, M W M Trenerry. Hon Secretary, Mr H Dimmock. Hon Starter, Mr D Lightfoot, Clerk of Scales, Mr H G Kruse, Clerk of Course, Mr W H Bignall. Timekeeper, Mr A Baldwin.

Last Wednesday the races held in aid of our local hospital took place and were very largely attended. The weather was lovely, it was hard to believe - when one felt the heat of the sun and looked at the beautiful green landscape - that it was a mid-winter day. Had the committee negotiated with the Clerk of the Weather it could not have been more perfect. The same mead of praise can also be given to those in charge of the arrangements, and who worked like Trojans to ensure the success of the meeting and the comfort of those in attendance. Special praise is due to Mr Thos Hiscock who was the instigator of the races, and worked assiduously to make them a success. It is almost needless to add that under such able management everything passed off without a hitch, and as far as the hospital is concerned the day might well be described as a red letter day in the history of Manilla. For all the handicaps there were noticeably large entries which showed how complete the sympathy of the public was with those working in the interests of the hospital, which institution is a benefactor to the whole district.

There was a fair sprinkling of ladies present and some very pretty dresses, among which were several extremely smart tailor-made costumes. The band, under the conductorship of Mr Simpson rendered some popular airs which added to the brightness of the scene.

Appended are the results:- Charity Handicap of 15 sovereigns: 6 furlongs. A Puxty's Waterwave, 8 st 3 lb (F Simmons) 1 F J Marsden's Jolly Court, 6 st 7 lb (Hall) 2 A T Fenwicke's Dudley, 8.5 3 Other starters were Zelle 8st, and Wrenella 6.7 Time 1.17 1/2

After considerable delay at the barrier the horses got well away together with Dudley in the lead, which position was soon secured by Zella, who did not retain the coveted position long, for on the field entering the home turn Waterwave and Jolly Court drew rapidly ahead, Waterwave being first to pass the post with Jolly Court and Dudley running almost neck and neck a few yards behind.

Betting: 2 to 1 Wrenella, 3 to 1 Dudley or Waterwave, 5 to 1 Zella, 10 to 1 Jolly Court.

....

The article continues in similar vein for the Addition Handicap over 1 mile, 10 sovereigns; the Hospital Handicap, 7 furlongs, 20 sovereigns; the Convalescent Handicap 1/2 mile for 5 sovereigns; and the Recovery Handicap, over 6 furlongs for 10 sovereigns.....

The outcome of the day's races is expected to yield the magnificent sum of £200, upon which result the promoter and committee deserve the highest praise.

Manilla Express, 1909

STEAM PLOUGHING.

Mr E. A. Porter of Myall Hill New Mexico, has purchased from the International Harvester Company, a large traction engine and three 5-furrow ploughs, with which he intends to plough his fields. He will also use the engine for irrigation purposes. Mr W. Hall of Springfield, has also secured a traction engine for Ploughing purposes. Messrs. Bignall Bros. have also bought a Morse double cylinder steam engine for ploughing purposes. Mr J. Maunder has placed an order for an engine too. Mr J. E. Barling has secured a 10 hp engine, of the same type as the one which is giving satisfaction in the “Express” office. Mr Young is the local representative of the company, and Mr H. Baker the district agent.

Manilla Express, 13th May 1911

TRACTION ENGINE

Messrs. Bignall Bros have purchased a Traction Engine for use on their "Arlington" farm.The engine which arrived on Monday was brought from the International Harvester Company.

Manilla Express, 31st May 1911

SAD DEATH

It is our painful duty to record the distressingly sad death of Mrs William Martin (nee Miss Florence Bignall) at Nepean Cottage Hospital, on Friday last. Mrs Martin was in the hospital with her three children all of them suffering from typhoid fever. The mother had been nursing her four-year-old daughter when she contracted her sickness. The deceased was 33 years of age, and leaves a sorrowing husband and five young children. It only seems the other day she was a bright and happy girl on the fringe of womanhood, greatly liked and esteemed by her many friends in Manilla and hereabouts. She was a member of an esteemed Manilla family, being the seventh


daughter of Mr H. Bignall, and all her brothers and sisters live in this neighbourhood. Mr W. Bignall brother, Mrs Woolaston of Somerton, and Mrs Wyn Baldwin (sisters) were present at the last, having gone to Penrith early last week. Mrs Martin was living at Glenbrook, where her husband is carrying on with his brother a growing and successful business.

Manilla Express Tuesday, March 13, 1912

The death occurred at the Nepean Cottage Hospital on Friday of last week of Florence Martin, wife of Mr William Martin, of Glenbrook, at the age of 33 years, from typhoid fever. She leaves five children (besides her husband), ranging from three to nine years of age, three of whom are at present in the hospital suffering wit typhoid fever too. The funeral took place on Saturday last, the remains being interred in the Church of England portion of the Penrith General Cemetery. The Rev. Canon Archdall officiated at the grave, and Mrs. John Price and Son had charge of tho funeral arrangements. As a token of esteem in which the deceased lady was held, the residents of Glenbrook had placed on the grave a beautiful artificial wreath.

Nepean Times 16th March ,1912

MANILLA, Saturday

Wyn Baldwin met with a nasty accident on his property Lonou, Somerton. He had been out riding in the sheep paddock, and was returning home, trotting down a hill, when his horse tripped and fell. Mr Baldwin was thrown, and the horse turned a somersault, his hip striking the lower portion of his body. He was in great pain and was unable to move, having to lie there three hours. Dr Ellis found it necessary to have the patient removed to Manilla Hospital. He is hurt internally, and a small bone is fractured.

Sydney Morning Herald, 19th March, 1912

Return Thanks

MR. W. MARTIN AND FAMILY desire to return their heartfelt thanka to many kind friends for telegrams, letters, cards and floral tributes in their sad bereavement.

MR. W. MARTIN, of Glenbrook, heartily thanks the Doctors, Matron and Nursing Staff of the Nepean Cottage Hospital, Penrith, for their kind attention to his late wife in her recent illness.

Nepean Times 18th May, 1912

MANILLA.

Manilla has been afflicted by a run of sad deaths. A little school boy, Leslie Bignall, son of Mr. and Mrs. James Bignall, was at school on Friday. He complained of not feeling well when he reached home. A successful operation was performed yesterday for appendicitis, but the little fellow died.

Daily Observer, Tamworth 10th September 1918

F. Ditzell, Inspector of Agriculture, wrote re location of wheat experiment plots. The location decided on is Mr. W. Blgnall's.

The Land, Friday 20 March 1914

WHEAT PLOTS

W

MANILLA -The following yields were obtained from the wheat plots on Messrs Bignall Bros farm at Manilla -

�

Marshall's No 1 (45 lb seed per acre) 23 bushels per acre; Marshall's No 3 (38 lb seed per acre) 20 bushels 47 lb per acre; Yandilla King (45 lb seed per acre) 15 bushels 50 lb per acre; Rymer (45 lb seed per acre) 18 bushels 28 lb per acre; Federation 45 lb seed per acre) 11 bushels 1 lb per acre; Hard Federation (45 lb seed per acre) 17 bushels 20 lb per acre; ................ LIMING TRIAL

LL

Rymer 65lb seed per acre, no manure, no lime 19 bushels 32lb; .....................

.

The rainfall recorded during growth amounted to 11 Inches 20 points. After the middle of October there was a dry hot windy spell until harvesting which materially reduced the yields of the mid season and late maturing varieties The early varieties Bunyip Bunge and Hard Federation were not affected much and produced good plump grain. The later varieties were all more or less pinched, while Commonwealth was so severely attacked by rust that the grain produced was very light, pinched, and more like bran than wheat.

�


In the liming trial the lime did not have much effect. Lime is expected to last forsome years when applied and in order to test the matter definitely it is intended to sow the same land agan next year in plots without lime.

d

In regard to the seeding trial 45lb appears to be the most satisfactory amount for where increased or reduced the yield has decreased. The yields of most varieties are considered very satisfactory considering the season

T

Sydney Morning Herald 1st January, 1916

Wheat Trials such as this, for the Agriculture Dept, continued at Arlington for the rest of Will Bignall's life.

THROWN THROUGH THE WINDSCREEN Our Manilla correspondent writes: — A car, driven by Mr. Colvin, collided with an electric light post near the bridge at Manilla. An occupant, Colin Martin, was thrown through the windscreen, and received injuries to his chin (necessitating stitches) and a cut face.

Daily Observer, Tamworth, 19 June, 1919

Mr H Bignall

Mr Henry Bignall died at his residence on the Tamworth Road on Wednesday at the age of 81 years. He had been bed-ridden for about 11 years, but he never lost his interest in the good and welfare of the district and people. Prior to blindness he took an active part in public affairs, and was one of the enthusiastic promoters of the F and S here. He had resided in the district for over 40 years, and was a man of genuine thought and deeds. His wife predeceased him some years, and they are survived by a fine family of esteemed men and women - Messrs George, William and James Bignall, Mrs G Woolaston (Keelendi), Mrs Athel Baldwin, Mrs W Veness, Mrs C Norris, Mrs L MacDonald, Mrs Wyn Baldwin. Another daughter (Mrs Martin) died some years ago.

The funeral took place this afternoon, the body being first taken to the Church of England, where the Rev A V Smith conducted the first portion of the burial service.

Manilla Express 28th August 1919

MANILLA. Tuesday.

An enthusiastic welcome home was accorded ex-Bombardier Percy Muggleton at tho residence of Mr. Geo. Bignall, Rushes Creek. Speeches were made by Messrs Johnson and G. Bignall, and the soldier was presented with a shaving outfit.

Daily Observer, Tamworth 27th Feb 1920

Weddings Cooper- Woolaston

At St Andrew's Presbyterian Church, Tamworth, on January 17, the Rev. Thompson, of Manilla, celebrated the marriage of Amelia Kingston Woolaston, daughter of Mr. And Mrs. G. T. Woolaston, of Keelendi, Somerton, and Keith Ashley Cooper (late A.I.F.), brother of Mr. Max Cooper, late of Tamworth. The bridal gown was of white crepe de Chine and georgette. A hand-made veil, which was lent by Mrs. D. J. Flockhart, of Tamworth, was worn with a wreath of orange blossoms and liles of the valley, and the bride carried a bouquet swathed in tulle. Miss Florrie Woolaston, sister of the bride, acted as bridesmaid, and was gowned in pale pink georgette and crepe de Chine, with a black droop aerophane hat, and carried a shower bouquet of pink roses. Mr. James Brownhill (late A.I.F.) acted as best man. After the reception Mr. and Mrs. Keith Cooper left for the South Coast, the bride travelling in a navy crepe de Chine frock, trimmed with a lime shade and hat to match.

Sydney Morning Herald 16th February 1921


Daily Telegraph, Sydney, 5th January 1926

The young woman at centre (accompanied by the man in white tie on her left) is Vi Martin, who raised £425 for cancer research in Manilla, 1925. She won a holiday at the Wentworth Hotel, a commemorative silver plate, and furniture, duly delivered by rail to Manilla. The lounge suite had been exhibited in A Hall's window in George St Sydney with a 50 guineas price on it.

George Thomas Bignall

The death occured at Manilla District Hospital on Thursday morning from pneumonia of Mr George T Bignall, a well known resident of this district. Only a week ago deceased was stricken with the malady, which was of a very serious nature, and although everything possible that nursing and medical skill could provide was done to fight the fever, life steadily faded away.

Born at Dungog almost 61 years ago, the late Mr Bignall was the eldest son of the late Mr and Mrs Henry Bignall. Forty-six years ago he came with his parents to this district where he has resided ever since being engaged in farming pursuits. In 1907 he married Miss Johnstone, daughter of Mr Joe Johnstone of Rushes Creek, who now survives him. A family of six sons and one daughter also survive viz: - Miss E Bignall (who is at present recovering from a severe illness in the District Hospital) Masters Joseph, Winston, Allan, Stanley, James and Kenneth Bignall. Messrs Jas and William Bignall are brothers of the deceased while Mrs G T Woolaston of Somerton, Mrs Athel Baldwin, Mrs W Veness, Mrs Chas Norris, Mrs L MacDonald and Mrs Wyn Baldwin are sisters.

The funeral takes place today (Friday) and will leave the Presbyterian church at 2.30 pm.

Manilla Express 29th July 1927


Mr G.T. Woolaston, Somerton.

The death occurred suddenly at Somerton, aged 71 years, a life-long resident of the district. The late Mr Woolaston was born in Tamworth, his parents at that time living at Menedebri Station, Somerton. He moved to Somerton at an early age, and had been there until the time of his death, engaging mainly during his life in the farming and grazing industries. He was intimately connected with the early life and activities in all parts of the north west. He was married in 1882 to a daughter of the late Mr Henry Bignall, of Dungog, and there were 10 children of the marriage, of whom 8 survive, There are also 14 grandchildren. Those of his family living are; Mr T.H.Woolaston (Somerton), Mesdames K.A.McLennan (Gidley), V.G.Proctor (Gunnedah), D.R. Webster (Somerton), E.A.Chaffey (Somerton), G.V.Hardaker (Lautoka, Fiji), and K.A.Cooper (Somerton). A brother is Mr William Woolaston (Upper Manilla) and his sisters are; Mesdames N.Lawson (Tamworth), and J.Hatch (Somerton). Burial was at the Somerton Presbyterian cemetery.

Northern Daily Leader 17th September 1929

Coroner's Inquest. DEATH OF ISOBEL GREEN.

An Inquest concerning the death of Isobel Dulcie Green was held at the Court House on Thursday afternoon by the Coroner (Mr. W. A. Colo).

Dr. G. T. Hunter deposed that in response to a telephone message he went to Boolooroo Bridge and there |saw the body of Dulcie Green. She was dead, and had been dead for about half an hour. He examined the body and found no signs of violence. The lips and ears were blue, and he formed the opinion that death had been due to asphyxia caused by immersion in water. He recognised the child and remembered having treated her previously for apoplectic fits. The fits occurred fairly frequently and she did not improve much after treatment. It was quite possible for the child to drown in 18 inches of water provided she had taken a fit. Laurie W. Bignall. a car salesman residing at Moree stated that on Wednesday afternoon he left Moree in a car to go to Boolooroo. He reached the Boolooroo bridge about 5 o'clock, and while crossing the bridge his attention was attracted by the reflection of the sun on a tin near the water, and it wasthen that he noticed the arms and legs of a person in the water. He immediately went down and on coming to the water's edge he saw the body of a girl, fully dressed with the exception of shoes and stockings, lying in the water, which was from 12 to 18 inches deep. Just prior to reaching the water he noticed another lorry on the bridge and he hailed the occupants, one of whom went down to him while the driver called out to the mother of the child, who also went down. Witness assisted removing the body from the water and also endeavoured to restore life by means of artificial respiration without success.

He then went to Boolooroo Station and telephoned for the doctor, after which he returned and remained with the body until the arrival of the police. The body was lying in the water on the right hand side of the bridge going from Moree. It was lylns on its right side with the face resting on the bed of the river.

Constable Ellis stated that on Wednesday afternoon about 5.30 o'clock, in company with Sergt. Ferris, hee saw the body of the child. Isobel Dulcie Green, lying on the bank of the river near Boolooroo Bridge. He felt the body, which was cold, and it appeared as if death had taken place some time previously. At the spot where it was stated the body -was found the water was not more than 18 inches deep for a distance of four or five feet from the bank. The body was removed to the Moree morgue, where he examined it but found no marks of violence, and nothing to indicate the cause of death other than by drowning.

Isobell Green, mother of the deceased, stated that she lived with her husband near the railway bridge at Camurra. She last saw her daughter alive at about 5 p.m. on Wednesday. She was playing about then, and witness thought that later on deceased must have ran out of water and went to the river with a small billy can to get some more. Witness kept her daughter away from the river as much as possible She was subject to fits and took them frequently. She had one the previous day. When she was in a fit she would be perfectly helpless. Sometimes a fit would last only a few minutes, at others it would extend over a quarter of an hour. Witness had often warned her against going near the water. No other children were playing with her when she last saw her.

James Herbert Green, father of the deceased, stated that he last saw his daughter at about 4.10 p.m. on Wednesday. She was then playing at the side of the camp, which was about 75 yards away from the water.

The Coroner found that deceased was accidentally drowned in the Gwydir River near Boolooroo Bridge on December 4.

Moree Gwydir Examiner and General Advertiser 9 December 1929

Wills and BequestsLate Mr G. T. WOOLASTON.

The estate of Mr. George Thomas Woolaston, of Keelendi, Somerton, grazier, who died on September 9 last, aged 71 years, has, for probate purposes, been valued at £49,507. Testator appointed his son. Thomas Henry Woolaston, and his friends, Thomas Alfred Chaffey and Athel Baldwin, his executors and trustees. He bequeathed £1600 to each of his seven daughters, an annuity of £300 and the use of the homestead to his widow during her life, and the residue of his estate to his son, Thomas Henry Woolaston.

Sydney Morning Herald 17th December 1929


Woman Killed Quirindi, Friday

On the New England Highway late yesterday a car driven by James Bignall of Tyrone, Manilla, overturned with the result that Miss Vennie Irwin, of Hamilton, Newcastle, was killed, and the driver and Mrs Bignall, Mrs Leslie, and Miss Florence Irwin were injured.

The party had left Manilla for Newcastle, when six miles from Willow Tree a back tyre blew out and the car overturned, pinning the occupants underneath.

Sydney Morning Herald, 3rd June 1933

Woman Killed in Car SmashFour Other People Injured

Sydney Friday – Miss Vennie Irwin, aged 46, of Hamilton, was killed, and four other people were injured in a motor smash on the New England Highway between Wallabadah and Willow Tree last night.

The injured were: James Bignall (driver) of Tyrone, Manilla, face abrasions and injuries to arm; Mrs Bignall (his wife), injuries to hip; Mrs Leslie, of Dungog, fractured arms; and Miss Florence Irwin, of Hamilton, head wounds,

The party with Mr and Mrs Bignall's son, who was uninjured, had left Manilla early in the afternoon for Newcastle. On a long hill hear Colly Creek, one of the rear tyres blew out abd the car swung across the road and overturned. The occupants were pinned beneath it.

Barrier Miner 3rd June 1933

Notes from CWA Diary

Manilla. — Lady Fairlie-Cunninghame, Mrs. W. H. Bignall, and Mrs. H. Veness were the holders of a street stall which realised £15. The stock consisted of home-made jams, pickles, cakes, dressed turkeys, vegetables, oranges, violets, and bulbs from the garden of Mrs. Athol Baldwin of Brubri.

The Land, 28 July 1933

Bignall - Bowman

The wedding of Winifred Doreen, only daughter of the late Mr and Mrs F. J. Bowman, of Circular Bend, Upper Manilla, to Ray Henry, eldest son of Mr and Mrs W. Bignall of Arlington, Manilla, took place recently at the Manilla Methodist Church, the Rev C. Moore performing the ceremony. The bride, who was given away by her brother, Mr S. Alex Bowman, chose a gown of white deb crepe, cut on classical lines with cowl back and kilting. The front was adorned with diamente trimmings and the skirt fell into a kilted train. Her embroidered oval veil was surmounted by a coronet of orange blossoms and she carried a magnificent bouquet of white carnations, frangipani and ferns. The bridesmaid was MIss Roslyn Winter, a cousin of the bride, who was gowned in salmon pink matalasse, also cut on classical lines, with a small train and accessories to tone. Her bouquet was of pink and white tiger lilies and fern. Mr Owen Baldwin, cousin of the bridegroom, was best man. As the bride entered the church, Mr A Shelton played the Bridal March (Lohengrin) and during the signing of the register Miss Dulcie Bowman sang My Crown.

After the ceremony the guests were entertained at the home of Mr and Mrs A. V. Shelton, friends of the couple, where they were received by Mrs Adam Winter, an aunt of the bride, who was attired in schooner blue flat crepe with hat and shoes to tone. She carried a posy of asters. She was assisted by Mrs Bignall, who chose palma violet flat crepe, with matching accessories, and carried a posy of purple asters and fuchsias. Leaving for the honeymoon, which was spent in Sydney, the bride wore a cruise blue swagger suit, with hat and shoes to match.

Article in Manilla Express 8th March 1935

Death...Baldwin

January 6th 1942, at Manilla, Athel, dearly loved grandfather of Kenneth and Barbara Patterson.

Mr Athel Baldwin, Manilla. A link with the early history of Manilla was severed by the death of Mr Athel Baldwin, of Brubri, Manilla, at Manilla District Hospital. Deceased was a son of Mr and Mrs Charles Baldwin , of Durham Court, where he was born in 1869. His father took control of the station in the early 'fifties from his uncle, the late Mr Otto Baldwin, who had founded the property in about 1840. Mr Athel Baldwin was a typical land man. By careful management he had consolidated a fine property at Brubri. He began with a selection of 500 acres of land, on which he built his home at Brubri. From his father he procured an additional 300 acres. He bought a further 150 acres from Mr T.Duggan, and acquired an additional 200 acres when his father died. When Durham Court was sold in 1908 he procured 6000 acres at the sale. Recently he sold an area to his grandson, Mr K. Patterson, and the Dept of the Interior resumed 50 acres for Manilla Wireless Station. Otherwise the property remains intact. Deceased in 1893, married Miss A. Bignall, who, with a family of 4 daughters survive. The daughters are; Mrs J.C. Patterson (Tamworth), Miss M. Baldwin (Manilla), Mrs W.R. Grantham (Wonga Creek), and Mrs C. Kerr (Sussex, England). There are 2 sisters; Mrs E. Dowe (Rose Bay), and Miss D. Baldwin (North Bondi). Mrs W. Russell (Qld), and Mrs Frank Lord (Pilliga) are step-sisters. Messrs Wynn and Arthur Baldwin ( Manilla) are step-brothers. The funeral was largely attended.

Northern Daily Leader 7th January 1942


Joseph Lock

Pte Joseph Lock, Tamworth. The death occurred on September 2nd, of Pte Joseph Lock, husband of the late Florence Lock, of 16 Carthage Street, Tamworth. Deceased, who was a returned soldier of the last war, was 50. He was born at Tamworth and, after leaving school, worked on a lucerne farm at Calala . He later joined the A.I.F. and served for several years in the Great War. On his return he took up a farm at Bective which he operated until several years ago. He then joined the 2nd A.I.F. and was attached to the general hospital staff. His wife predeceased him last February. He is survived by 7 children. The daughters are; Misses Pat, Betty, Dorothy and Jo Ann, of Carthage Street, Tamworth, and sons; Signaller James Lock, who has just returned from overseas, and Jack and Charles Lock, of Tamworth.

Northern Daily Leader 5th September 1942

Manilla Farm Tragedy.

Following enquiries today regarding the cause of the accident which resulted in the death of a well known Manilla farmer, Mr Wynn Baldwin, on Monday night, police believe Mr Baldwin had taken his tractor to the depot on his farm for re-fuelling purposes. He had left the engine running and, when endeavouring to set the generator in motion, it is believed likely he touched the lever which controlled the main gear and the tractor, in motion, knocked him down, the rim of one wheel passing over the lower part of his face. The tractor then hit a tree some 20ft away from the depot. Miss W. Baldwin, who was some distance away, heard her father calling for help and hurried to the scene. She placed him in a car and hurried to Manilla hospital. An inquest will be held.

Northern Daily Leader 23rd February 1944


24 years old Will Bignall, second from right at the rear. Charles Baldwin of Durham Court was the father of Athel and Wynn as well as of Arthur shown here. Henry Stoddart was a friend of Henry Bignall and his family. Manilla Express 1944


Mr W H Bignall

As briefly reported in last issue the late Mr William Henry Bignall who died suddenly last Thursday evening was 68 years of age. He was born at Tamworth, his father and mother being pioneers of Manilla district, coming here to reside over 60 years ago. He was one of a large family, the remaining members being: Mr James Bignall of Tyrone, Mrs Len McDonald, Mrs Chas Norris, Mrs A Baldwin, Mrs S W Veness and Mrs W Baldwin. He married about 42 years ago Miss Wheatley, and she with two sons, Ray and Laurie survive. Laurie is at present at sea in the merchant navy.

For many years the late Mr Bignall followed farming pursuits in partnership with his brother, and in more recent years in cooperation with his son Ray. He always took a keen interest in the Farmers' and Settlers' Association and was a regular attendant at meetings for nearly 50 years. He enjoyed clean sport and always gave it his kindly and practical support. He was a member of the committee of the old Manilla Race Club and his photo, taken 40 years ago, appeared among other members in the "Express" recently. He was a foundation member of Manilla Rifle Club and shot consistently with the club from 1906 to the outbreak of the present war. He joined Manilla Bowling Club when it was founded 8 years ago and was a regular player, in fact he played his last match against Tamworth a few days before his death.

A man of kindly disposition, keen on all matters of progress he loved the association of his fellow men and in return enjoyed their respect and confidence. His largely attended funeral last Saturday morning indicated his popularity, Members of the Manilla Bowling Club acting as pall bearers.


Mrs S. W. Veness

The relatives and friends of Mrs S. W. Veness (nee Adelaide Bignall), wife of the late S. W. ("Will") Veness of Namoi-street, received a shock on Saturday last, 25th inst, when they learned of her sudden demise at 5 p.m. after a short illness.

Earlier in the week it was thought she was showing a marked improvement, but during the afternoon she sank rapidly.

Her son, Keith, and married daughter, Rita were at the Hospital to the last, and the remainder of the family who live in Sydney, were contacted immediately.

She is survived by three sons - Norman, Arch and Keith - and a daughter, Rita. There are also six granddaughters, a grandson, and one great granddaughter.

Mrs Veness was 79 years and has been a resident of the district all her life, her marriage to Stephen William Veness uniting two of the oldest families here.

The funeral cortege moved off from the Church of England at 11.30 a.m. on Monday after an impressive service and a large number of mourners gathered at the graveside to pay their last respects to one whom the Rev. V. C. Duncombe referred to as one of the most respectable citizens of the district. God-fearing, the late Mrs Veness was loved by all and had endeared herself to the hearts of young and old alike.

Vale to an old pioneer who meant something to the district.

Manilla Express 1950

James Alma Bignall

The death took place at his home, Rowan-st, Manilla, on February 17, of Mr James Alma Bignall within a week of his 77th birthday. The late Mr Bignall was born at Sandy Creek near Somerton in 1880, his father and mother the late Mr and Mrs H Bignall having come from Dungog. There was a large family and when James Bignall was only a youngster his parents, with their children, came to Manilla and founded the property "Arlington" on the Tamworth road.

As a young man the late Mr Bignall was keenly interested in sport. He played cricket and football and was a member of the Gun Club and the Manilla Rifle Club. In later years he joined the Manilla Bowling Club and represented Manilla in many interdistrict matches.

In March 1907 he married Miss Eva Irwin of Newcastle and built his home at "Tyrone" on the family property. There his family was reared and for many years he engaged in farming and grazing pursuits. Just three years ago the homestead block was sold though he retained farming property. With his wife he retired to his home in Rowan-street.

The funeral service at the Church of England which he had always supported was attended by a large number of friends and relatives.

The late James Bignall is survived by his wife, and family of three sons and one daughter viz:- Harry (Newcastle); Lindsay (Manilla); James (Barraba); and Joan (Mrs I Woolfe, Manilla). There are nine grandchildren. One sister, Mrs Athel Baldwin of "Brubri" is now the sole surviving member of the large Bignall family.

Manilla Express 1st March 1957


The 1908 marriage licence of the Bishop of Grafton and Armidale, which released Wynn Baldwin and Maud Bignall from the necessity of the public calling of banns prior to their marriage.

The Woolaston family graves near Somerton village. Evelyn's headstone (1944) and George's are third and second from the right.


Bignall Family Headstones

Manilla Cemetery

Bignall Mary Emma 1907 65yr Ang

Henry 1919 83yr Ang

George Thomas 1927 Pbn, 3-41b

Alicia 1964 wife George Pbn

William Joseph 1929 Pbn

Stanley Charles 2004 87yr Pbn

Daphne 2000 74yr, wife Stanley Pbn

George Winston 2000

Graham 1949 sb Pbn

Gregory William G 1952 inf Pbn

Dianne Lynette 1951 inf Pbn

James Alma 1957 76yr Ang, 19-60

Eva I 1984 99yr, wife James Ang

Leslie George 1918 8yr Ang

Lindsay Irwin 2000

Audrey Beryl 1943 31yr, wife Lindsay Meth

Grantham Doreen 1985 85yr Pbn

William R 1971 62yr, husb Doreen Pbn

Baldwin Amelia Mary 1962 93yr Ang, 15-20

Athel 1942 72yr, husb Amelia Ang

Marjorie 1951 55yr Ang

William Wynn 1944 62yr, husb Maude Ang

Maude Lilian 1954 70yr Ang, 14-48

McDonald Kate Emma 1952 Ang

Leonard Charles 1963 husb Kate Ang

Norris Charles 1948 85yr, husb Elizabeth Ang

Pearl 1894 4yr Ang

Arthur 1897 1yr Ang

Charles Towers 1985 91yr Pbn

Thelma Maud 1950 51yr, wife Charles T Pbn

Proudfoot Mary Emma Towers 1943 nee Bignall Pbn

Veness Adelaide Elizabeth 1950 79yr Ang, 5-14

Stephen William 1947 77yr, husb Adelaide Ang


Somerton Cemetery

Woolaston George Thomas 1929 71yr, husb Evelyn

Alice Evelyn 1944 82yr

George Ernest 1890 1yr

Gordon 1910 7yr

Chaffey Evelyn Olive 1951 56yr

Barraba Cemetery

Martin Henry Leslie 1963 54yr

Tamworth Old Cemetery

Norris Elizabeth Towers 1955 83yr Ang

Lock Florence 1944 Ang E6

William Bignall and his wife Emma were both buried at Manilla in the old Anglican section, but a headstone is no longer present, and the relevant sexton's records have been lost. The grave site may be associated with their infant son's, also lost.

Florence Martin, who died of Typhoid Fever was one of the first burials at the new Penrith Cemetery (Row C No 5). She was buried in haste with a graveside service. There is no headstone.

Penrith General Cemetery (on the hill near the old Richmond road and the western railway, near Kingswood station). Old graves are near the crossing of the central avenues. The old Anglican section lies to the east (right) of the entrance avenue.

Holy Trinity parish church, Manilla. Built 1914 to replace an earlier building of the same title


A modern view of Manilla from Byrne Lookout. Greenhatch's Creek is in the centre in the background beyond the silo. Arlington runs eastward to the left, Brubri is to the right of the creek.

The second Mechanics' Institute building erected in 1900 and later destroyed by fire.


part 5 some published reports and burial information for ...home.exetel.com.au/bigbarry/part 5...

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