part 4. conservation © scubasigns. 4.1 conservation outline and introduction 1. whale shark...
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PART 4. CONSERVATION
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4.1 CONSERVATIONOutline and Introduction
1. Whale shark conservation Status
2. Why is the whale shark vulnerable?
3. Threats to the whale shark worldwide
4. Conservation Solutions
© WWF Philippines
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4.2 WS Conservation Status The whale shark is considered ‘Vulnerable to Extinction’ by the IUCN
Potential population size reduction of ≥ 30% over 10 – 100 yrs
It is protected by international agreements that protect migratory species (CMS) and prevent trade of wildlife products (CITES)
© Marc Zaalberg
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4.3 What makes the whale shark naturally vulnerable?
Slow moving - often close to the surface
Slow to reach sexual maturity
Infrequent reproduction
Highly mobile
The following natural traits make the whale shark vulnerable to threats:
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4.4 Threats to the WS Worldwide
Targeted fishing for food, liver-oil or fins © WENN
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4.4 Threats to the WS Worldwide
Accidental fishing - shark is entangled in nets or discarded fishing tackle
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4.4 Threats to the WS Worldwide
Pollution in the form of chemical spills or refuse
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4.4 Threats to the WS Worldwide
Collisions with boats
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4.4 Threats to the WS Worldwide
Habitat disturbance caused by unregulated tourism
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4.5 Conservation Solutions
© IFAW
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4.5 Conservation Solutions
Government protection: National and International
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4.5 Conservation Solutions
Establish Marine Protected Areas (MPA’s)
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4.5 Conservation Solutions
Reduce demand for whale shark products
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4.5 Conservation Solutions
Sustainable tourism
© Ecocolors
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4.5 Conservation Solutions
Research and monitoring
© Brent Stewart HSWRI
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4.5 Conservation Solutions
Education
© MWSRP