Part 1 National GrowthPart 1 National Growth►After the War of 1812 After the War of 1812

the nation was finally the nation was finally out from under the out from under the threat of war for the threat of war for the first time in its first time in its existence. The nations existence. The nations trading partners in trading partners in Europe was also had Europe was also had peace and so the peace and so the nation’s economy nation’s economy grew tremendously. grew tremendously.

Industrial RevolutionIndustrial Revolution►The Industrial The Industrial Revolution began in Revolution began in Britain during the Britain during the late 1700s. late 1700s.

► It involved the use It involved the use of factory machines of factory machines that replaced hand that replaced hand tools. tools.

►Large-scale Large-scale manufacturing manufacturing replaced farming replaced farming and various cottage and various cottage industries as the industries as the main form of work.main form of work.

The Industrial Revolution was a time period when industry and Manufacturing increased tremendously

The Industrial Revolution was a time period when industry and Manufacturing increased tremendously

Industrializing the United Industrializing the United States States

► Many people did not Many people did not want the United States want the United States to industrialize. to industrialize.

► However, during the However, during the War of 1812 the British War of 1812 the British blockade kept imported blockade kept imported goods from reaching goods from reaching the United States. the United States.

► This forced Americans This forced Americans to start manufacturing to start manufacturing their own goods.their own goods.

The Factory SystemThe Factory System► Brought many workers and machines Brought many workers and machines

together under one roof. The most together under one roof. The most common factories were for the cotton common factories were for the cotton industry like textile factories and industry like textile factories and spinning mills. spinning mills.

► Most factories were built near water, Most factories were built near water, which powered the machines. which powered the machines.

► People left farms to work in factoriesPeople left farms to work in factories► Samuel Slater started a spinning mill Samuel Slater started a spinning mill

were he hired children to turn raw were he hired children to turn raw cotton into cloth using machines. cotton into cloth using machines.

Textile is cloth made from cotton

First FactoriesFirst Factories► America built its first America built its first

factories in New factories in New England. England.

► This regionThis region’’s rivers s rivers provided water power. provided water power. Ships had access to Ships had access to the ocean…perfect for the ocean…perfect for trade!trade!

► There were many There were many willing workers, willing workers, including immigrants.including immigrants.

Francis Cabot LowellFrancis Cabot Lowell►1813: built a factory town in

Waltham, Massachusetts, that produced cotton, yarn, and cloth.

►The factory’s success led to the building of Lowell, a factory town near the Merrimack and Concord rivers.

►The Lowell Mills employed farm girls who worked 12 hour days in deafening noise and lived in company-owned boardinghouses

Eli WhitneyEli Whitney► In 1798, the U.S. government

hired the inventor Eli Whitney to make 10,000 muskets for the army. Up until then, guns were made one at a time, by hand.

► In 1801, Whitney demonstrated the use of parts that were exactly alike, or interchangeable.

► Interchangeable parts = faster production!

► Became standard in industries► Made repairs easy► Allowed the use of lower paid,

less skilled workers

The Cotton GinThe Cotton Gin►Whitney’s is also Whitney’s is also

famous for inventing famous for inventing the cotton gin in 1793. the cotton gin in 1793.

►This engine could This engine could separate the cotton lint separate the cotton lint from its seeds quickly. from its seeds quickly.

► It caused an explosion It caused an explosion in the cotton industry.in the cotton industry.

►Cotton became the #1 Cotton became the #1 industry in the south industry in the south and the use of slavery and the use of slavery increased greatly. increased greatly.

Robert FultonRobert Fulton► Using the newly invented Using the newly invented steam engine, Robert Fulton steam engine, Robert Fulton invented a motorized invented a motorized steamboat that could move steamboat that could move against the current or against the current or strong wind. strong wind.

► In 1807, he launched the In 1807, he launched the steamboat steamboat Clermont Clermont on the on the Hudson River. It was Hudson River. It was successful and with in a few successful and with in a few years steamboats became years steamboats became the way to travel on the way to travel on American waterways, the American waterways, the airlines of their day. airlines of their day.

Samuel F. B. MorseSamuel F. B. Morse► In 1837 Morse invented the In 1837 Morse invented the

telegraph and developed telegraph and developed Morse Code, which became Morse Code, which became the common telegraph the common telegraph language.language.

► By 1861, telegraph lines By 1861, telegraph lines spanned the countryspanned the country

► Faster communication, the Faster communication, the email of the day.email of the day.

► Brought the people closer Brought the people closer together as a nation…more together as a nation…more unity!unity! "What hath God wrought?” was

the first telegraph message ever sent

AgricultureAgriculture

► Several inventions Several inventions increased farm increased farm production. production.

► In 1836, John Deere In 1836, John Deere invented a lightweight invented a lightweight plow with a steel plow with a steel cutting edge. cutting edge.

► His invention made it His invention made it easier for farmers to easier for farmers to prepare heavy prepare heavy Midwestern soil for Midwestern soil for planting. planting.

Cyrus McCormickCyrus McCormick

► In 1834, Cyrus McCormickIn 1834, Cyrus McCormick’’s reaper cut ripe s reaper cut ripe grain. grain.

► The threshing machine separated kernels of The threshing machine separated kernels of wheat from husks. Increased wheat production wheat from husks. Increased wheat production tremendouslytremendously

Working TogetherWorking Together

► New farming equipment New farming equipment helped Midwestern helped Midwestern farmers feed farmers feed Northeastern factory Northeastern factory workers.workers.

► Midwestern farmers Midwestern farmers became a market for became a market for the goods manufactured the goods manufactured in the Northeast.in the Northeast.

► Northeastern textile Northeastern textile mills increased the need mills increased the need for Southern cotton.for Southern cotton.

New technologies

linked regions of the United

States together.

THE GOOD…..THE GOOD…..Increased the OVERALL demand for:Increased the OVERALL demand for:►Manufactured goodsManufactured goods►Immigrant workersImmigrant workers►Cotton growingCotton growing

Triggered:Triggered:►Regional Growth Regional Growth ►IndustrializationIndustrialization►Increased need for cotton Increased need for cotton

THE BAD…..THE BAD…..Slavery:Slavery:►Increased demands for slave labor in the south.Increased demands for slave labor in the south.

Native Americans:Native Americans:►Demand for more land by southern planters led to Demand for more land by southern planters led to more loss of Native American landmore loss of Native American land

Also:Also:►Led to crowded cities, child labor, sectional Led to crowded cities, child labor, sectional differences between the North, South, and West.differences between the North, South, and West.