parsons, david, msc, phyc, august 2012
TRANSCRIPT
ii
iii
iv
v
vi
vii
Table 2.1 ...................................................................................... 24
Table 2.2 Main characteristics of Rayleigh, photoelectric, Compton and pair
production4–6. ............................................................................................................. 33 Table 6.1 Properties of tissue constituents of the human body6. .................................... 62
viii
ix
x
xi
xii
xiii
xiv
xv
xvi
xvii
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
β
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
Table 2.1
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
Rayleigh scattering, photoelectric effect, Compton
scattering and pair production
Table 2.2 Main characteristics of Rayleigh, photoelectric, Compton and pair production4–6.
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
Figure 5.1 An illustration of Comte de Buffon’s needle problem.
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
Mass attenuation coefficients in the diagnostic and therapeutic energy domain for cortical bone, skeletal muscle and fat (adipose). Inserted figure shows the normalized mass attenuation coefficients for bone and fat, bone and muscle and muscle and fat. Data was obtained from
62
Table 6.1 Properties of tissue constituents of the human body6.
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
Figure 7.4 Monte Carlo simulation of the Varian 2100EX linac with the therapeutic target
and flattening filter removed and a carbon target placed at the level of the flattening filter
79
80
81
82
83
84
Figure 7.7 The QC3 phantom with spatial resolution regions shown.
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127