paper machine room ventilation guidelines - tappi.org · energy consumption? paper machine room...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines
John Nielsen BE&K Engineering Co., LLCTAPPI PaperCon 09St. Louis, MO June 3, 2009Session 64
![Page 2: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
TIP 0404-50 Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines
• Purpose of 2009 Revision– Earlier issues: Numerous methods → wide range of flow rates– Establish base ventilation rates tied to machine parameters
• Scope– Guidelines for designing systems
• Design criteria• Ventilation principles• Sizing or dimensioning exhaust, supply, and misc. systems• Overview of heat recovery options
– Air surveys– Performance indicators
![Page 3: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Perception
• Statements often made in discussing ventilation:
– Doesn’t directly make paper
– Only for personnel comfort
– Added equipment to operate and maintain
– Increased energy consumption
– Increased exhaust didn’t improve conditions
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 3
![Page 4: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Purpose
1. Replaces air removed as part of process, drying,
and vacuum systems
2. Provide a “controlled” environment for papermaking,
personnel, and preservation of the building which
includes containment and removal of:
– Water vapor
– Heat
– Dust
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 4
![Page 5: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Consequences – Fog
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 5
![Page 6: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Consequences – Fog – Stratified flows
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 6
![Page 7: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Consequences – Condensation
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 7
Deteriorated Girts
![Page 8: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Consequences – Structural Failure
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 8
![Page 9: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Consequences – Structural Failure
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 9
![Page 10: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Basis of Guidelines – Design Criteria
• Temperature
Location Minimum°F
Maximum above ambient
°FGround floor 65 ≤ 10
Operating floor – tending side, wet end 75 ≤ 5
Operating floor – tending side, elsewhere 65 ≤ 5
Operating floor – drive side 65 ≤ 10
Mezzanine - ≤ 20
Underside Roof - ≤ 25
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 10
![Page 11: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Basis of Guidelines – Design Criteria
• Water vapor
Location Maximumabove ambient
Grains/lbDAGround floor ≤ 50
Operating floor ≤ 50
Mezzanine ≤ 100
Underside Roof ≤ 150
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 11
![Page 12: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Basis of Guidelines – Design Criteria
• Dust– OSHA Requirements
• Total airborne particles: 15 mg/m3
• Respirable particles, less than 10 µm: 5 mg/m3
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 12
![Page 13: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Basis of Guidelines – Displacement Ventilation
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 13
AIR SUPPLIED INTO OCCUPIED ZONE
AT LOW VELOOCITY
BOUYANT SOURCE
ROOF EXHAUST
STRATIFIED LAYER
MEZZANINE FLOOR
OPERATING FLOOR
GROUND FLOOR
REAR CURTAIN
![Page 14: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Basis of Guidelines – Exhaust Systems
• Exhaust systems– Process
• Former • Vacuum• Dryer section hood• Saveall• Pulper
– Building• Wet end false ceiling• Size press and coater false ceiling• Roof• Summer
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 14
![Page 15: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
• Purpose: Capture and contain water vapor carried with the wire and mist from showers
• Exhaust rate is a function of former type, machine speed, geometry, and stock temperature
• Higher exhaust rates- Fourdrinier w/top ply > Gap former > Fourdrinier - On machine silo > Off machine silo- Increased machine speeds- Higher stock temperatures
Exhaust Systems – Former
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 15
![Page 16: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
• Based on flow per trim width and speed with correction for temperature
• Flow Adjustment, B – added exhaust to ensure in flow • Flow Factors, F – total pumped air flow
vn n
i
i i
i tV B w F C•
= +⎛ ⎞⎜ ⎟⎝ ⎠∑ ∑
Exhaust Systems – Former
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 16
Temperature CorrectionFlow factor based on former and pickup location
Trim WidthMachine Speed
Flow AdjustmentVolumetric Flow
![Page 17: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Exhaust Systems – Fourdrinier Air Flows
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 17
BREAST ROLL
HEADBOX
BOUNDARY LAYEREXHAUST
FLOW ADJUSTMENT (B) TO MAINTAIN AN INFLOW
FLOW FACTOR (F)AIR PUMPED THROUGH AND WITH WIRE
![Page 18: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Exhaust Systems – Fourdrinier
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 18
HEADBOX/ BREAST ROLL
FLUME & SILO DRIVE SIDEPLENUM
COUCHPIT
Fourdrinier Pickup Location
Flow Factor, Fft
Flow Adjustment, Bft3/min
Below Wire – Headbox & Breast Roll 0.13 11,000
Couch Pit 0.13 0
On-Machine Silo
Below and inside wire loop – drive side plenum 0.47 0
Off-Machine Silo
Inside wire loop 0.26 0
Flume and silo 0.10 0
![Page 19: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Exhaust Systems – Top Wire
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 19
HPCLEANINGSHOWER
INSIDE WIRE LOOP
Top Wire/Top PlyPickup Location
Flow Factor, Fft
Flow Adjustment, Bft3/min
Beneath top former headbox (Top Ply) 0.13 5,500
Inside top wire loop 0.21 0
After high pressure shower 0.16 0
![Page 20: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Exhaust Systems – Gap Former
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 20
NO. 1 WIRESTRETCH ROLL
HPCLEANINGSHOWER
HEADBOXAREA
NO. 1 WIRE LOOP &
SAVEALL
FELT
NO. 2 WIRE LOOP &
SAVEALL
Gap Former Pickup Location
Flow Factor, Fft
Headbox area 0.47
No. 1 Outer/Backing Wire Loop & Saveall
0.28
No. 1 Stretch Roll 0.24
No. 2 Inner/Conveying Wire Loop & Saveall
0.24
Silo 0.05
![Page 21: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Exhaust Systems – Former
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 21
Machine Speed, ft/min
Exh
aust
Rat
e,ft3 /m
in/in
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 60000
200
400
600
800
Gap Former120°F
FourdrinierOn Machine Silo140°F
Fourdrinier+ Top Ply140°F
Fourdrinier+ Top Wire120°F
FourdrinierOff Machine Silo120°F
Exhaust rate versus former type and speed
![Page 22: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Exhaust Systems – Wet End
Heat and water vapor transferred to room
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 22
10'-1
1š"
10'-1
1š"
![Page 23: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Exhaust Systems – Wet End
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 23
• Purpose: Capture and contain water vapor originating from former and press top surfaces
• Exhaust rate is a function of surface area, machine speed, geometry, number of steam boxes, and stock temperature
• Based on flow per surface area with correction for temperature, and geometry
![Page 24: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
( )0.0107v t wV B AC C nDw E•
= + +⎡ ⎤⎢ ⎥⎢ ⎥⎣ ⎦14243
Exhaust Systems – Wet End
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 24
• Exhaust Rate
• Turbulent mass transfer rates across a flat plate • constant air and water temperatures
– 100 grain/lbDA pickup ratio
Machine Speed Geometry factor Flow Constant Trim Width
Surface Area Steam box / lazy steam shower exhaust rateTemperature Correction Quantity Wire surface area correction
Exhaust Rate per Area
![Page 25: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 25
Vaporization rate versus stock temperature and machine speed
Exhaust Systems – Wet End
Stock Temperature, °F
Vap
oriz
atio
nR
ate,
lbH
2O/h
r/ft2
70 80 90 100 110 120 130 140 1500.0
1.0
2.0
3.0
4.0
5.0
6.0
Marshall - 3000 ft/min
4000 ft/min
3000 ft/min
2000 ft/min
1000 ft/min
![Page 26: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Exhaust Systems – Supplemental Roof Exhaust
Purpose: Remove heat and water vapor not contained by other exhaust systems
• Exhaust rate is a function of:– Water vapor from open and uncontained sources:
• False ceiling• Dryer section hood – sheet break• Open tanks and chests
– Heat gain from the following sources:• Paper product• Refiners• Pumps and fans• Motors• Tanks• Piping
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 26
![Page 27: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Supplemental Roof Exhaust – Process Heat Gains
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 27
Source FloorLevel
Heat10-3 Btu/ton
Refiners Operating 58 – 88
Cleaners Operating 1,000 Btu/h/ft2
Stock Prep – Pumps & Piping Ground 20
Vacuum System Operating 37
Forming & Press – Pumping & Piping Ground 75
Forming & Press – PM Drives Operating 51.6
Main Dryer – PM Drives Operating 18.5
Winder – PM Drives Operating 44.4
![Page 28: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Supplemental Roof Exhaust – Process Heat Gains
• Refiner loads– Based on paper grade– 10% of total motor load
• Pumps and AC motors– 10% of motor nameplate
• PM drive motors– Calender, coater, reel, and winder – 50% of motor load – All others – 15% transferred into room
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 28
![Page 29: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Exhaust Systems – Supplemental Roof Exhaust
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 29
![Page 30: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Exhaust Systems – Supplemental Roof Exhaust
• Exhaust rate for water vapor sources– Minimum truss area exhaust
• 25% of wet end false ceiling exhaust rate• 10% of dryer section hood exhaust rate
• Exhaust rate for heat sources– Minimum Winter: 25°F temperature differential– Summer: 10°F temperature differential
for ground floor heat loads
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 30
![Page 31: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Supply Systems – Fog
What role do supply
systems have in eliminating
fog?
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 31
![Page 32: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Basis of Guidelines – Supply Systems
• Exhaust and make-up air systems are required to prevent fog and condensation:– Increase humidity load = Condensation
– Decrease temperature = Condensation
• Key is to prevent uncontrolled air infiltration:– Building air balance of 90-to-105% exhaust mass flow rate
– Proper air distribution
• Supply air to operating areas– Displace heat and vapor
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 32
![Page 33: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Basis of Guidelines – Miscellaneous Systems
• Pocket Ventilation and Hood Make-up – Hood Balance: 60-to70% of hood exhaust mass flow– Source: mezzanine
• Roof Supply– Required flow rate:
• Roof heat loss (R-value) • Humidity load
– Minimum of R18 (ft2-°F-hr/Btu) recommended– Wet end: 1.5 cfm/ft2
• Trim Systems– 70-to-80% of air should be extracted before entering pulper
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 33
![Page 34: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
System Performance
1. Condensation or Corrosion ?
2. Water vapor containment?
3. Cold weather operation?
4. Dryer hoods spillage?
5. Building air pressure?
6. Cold spots or hot spots?
7. Temperature and humidity levels?
8. Energy consumption?
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34
![Page 35: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Air System Surveys
• Purpose– Identify root causes– Establish a benchmark for future improvement
• Scope– Condition of equipment– Exhaust and supply airflows
• Compare to rated performance• Building air balance
– Exhaust system effectiveness– Dryer section hood– Airflow paths– Temperature and humidity distribution– Control strategy– Performance indices
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 35
![Page 36: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Performance Indices – Overall Exhaust Rate
Exhaust air compared to production rate
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 36
3 3(ft or m / min)(lb or kg/ min)
Total Winter ExhaustProduction Rate
Paper Grade ft3/lb paper m3/kg paperBleached Board 545 – 645 36.4 – 43.1Corrugating Medium 375 – 545 25.0 – 36.4Fine 530 – 630 35.4 – 42.1 Linerboard 375 – 575 25.0 – 39.4
![Page 37: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Performance Indices – Wet End Exhaust
• Flow rate
• Temperature and Humidity
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 37
( )3
2 2
scfm or m /min(ft or m )
Wet End ExhaustFormer + Press Area
2150grains H O/lbDAHumidity Ratio Pick up <
25 FRoof Exhaust DB Operating Floor DB− < o
5 FDry Bulb Dew Point− > o
![Page 38: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Performance Indices – Building Make-up
• Air Balance– 90-to-105% of Exhaust– 50% of wet end
• Air Distribution (%)
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 38
Floor Level Total Tending Side Drive SideMezzanine 0 – 5 - 0 – 5Operating 70 – 80 50 – 60 10 – 20Ground 20 – 30 10 – 20 5 – 10
![Page 39: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Performance Indices – Maintenance
• Equipment Performance
– Excellent ≥ 90%– Good ≥ 75%– Poor < 75%
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 39
( )( )
3
3
cfm or m /min
cfm or m /min
Measured Exhaust Supply Flows
Rated Exhaust Supply Flows
+
+
![Page 40: Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - tappi.org · Energy consumption? Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 34. Air System Surveys •Purpose – Identify root causes](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022013008/5d58085788c99355738b7288/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
Summary
• Room ventilation is a necessary component of papermaking with serious consequences when ignored.
• TIP 0404-50 provides a starting point for ventilation design based on heat and water vapor loads.
• Performance indices should be tied to machine parameters.
Paper Machine Room Ventilation Guidelines - 40