paper-i (for classes i-v)
TRANSCRIPT
Upkar Prakashan, Agra-2
( ii )
© Publishers
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ISBN : 978-93-5013-405-4
( iii )
Contents
Section–II
Section–III
Section–IV
General Information
Structure and Content of TET All questions in TET test will be Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs), each carrying one mark, with
four alternatives out of which one answer will be correct. There will be no negative marking. There will be two papers of TET— (i) Paper-I will be for a person who intends to be a teacher for classes I to V. (ii) Paper-II will be for a person who intends to be a teacher for classes VI to VIII. Note : A person who intends to be a teacher for both levels (classes I to V and classes VI to VIII) will
have to appear in both the papers (Paper-I and Paper-II).
Paper-I (For Classes I to V) Duration of Examination : Two-and-a-half hours
Structure and Content (All Compulsory) (i) Child Development and Pedagogy 30 MCQs 30 Marks (ii) Language-I (Compuslory) 30 MCQs 30 Marks (iii) Language-II (Compuslory) 30 MCQs 30 Marks (iv) Mathematics 30 MCQs 30 Marks (v) Environmental Studies 30 MCQs 30 Marks
Total 150 MCQs 150 Marks
Nature and Standard of Questions The test items on Child Development and Pedagogy will focus on educational psychology of teaching
and learning relevant to the age group of 6-11 years. They will focus on understanding the characteristics and needs of diverse learners, interaction with learners and the attributes and qualities of a good facilitator of learning.
The Test items for Language-I will focus on the proficiencies related to the medium of instruction. The test items in Language-II will also focus on the elements of language, communication and comprehension abilities. Language-II will be a language other than Language-I. A candidate may choose any one language as Language-I and other as Language-II from the available language options and will be required to specify the same in the Confirmation Page.
The test items in Mathematics and Environmental Studies will focus on the concepts, problem solving abilities and pedagogical understanding of the subjects. In all these subject areas, the test items will be evenly distributed over different divisions of the syllabus of that subject prescribed for classes I– V by the NCERT/CBSE.
The questions in the test for Paper-I will be based on the topics prescribed in syllabus of the NCERT/ CBSE for classes I–V, but their difficulty standard, as well as linkages, could be up to the secondary stage.
Obj. C. D. & P. | 1
Child Development &
Obj. C. D. & P. | 3
1. Nature and Nurture refer to— (a) Internal and external environment (b) Temperament and character (c) Physical features and temperament (d) Heredity and environment
2. Which chromosome is found only in males? (a) X (b) Y (c) XX (d) XY
3. The 22 pairs of chromosomes in the zygote are called— (a) Cells (b) Genes (c) Autosomes (d) None of these
4. The gene which does not dominate is known as— (a) Passive gene (b) Dormant gene (c) Recessive gene (d) None of these
5. Phenotype refers to— (a) That which is observable in genes (b) Genetic characteristics seen and unseen (c) Dominating genes (d) Recessive genes
6. Internal environment refers to— (a) That which is within the house (b) That which, is immediate to existence (c) Pre-natal environment (d) Post-natal environment
7. Intelligence is largely heredity— (a) True (b) False (c) To an extent (d) Not valid
8. Heredity is determined by— (a) Genes (b) Cells (c) Neurons (d) Nature
9. Human development is the result of— (a) Genetic and environmental factors (b) Biological factors (c) Anthropological factors (d) Social and motivational factors
10. A person’s genotype takes into account all genetic characteristics— (a) Seen in the person’s observable character-
istics (b) Seen and unseen (c) Unseen (d) None of the above
11. The newborn inherits genetic material from each parent. He or she gets-chromosomes bearing the mother’s genes and chromosomes bearing the father’s genes. (a) 46, 23 (b) 23, 46 (c) None, one (d) 23, 23
12. ...................... begins life with 46 chromosomes. (a) Autosomes (b) X chromosomes (c) Y chromosomes (d) Zygote
13. Maturation is not limited to muscle development. Some form of ...................... behaviour is also affected by maturation. (a) Emotional (b) Sucking (c) Olfactory (d) Crying
14. Maturation influences the individual’s behaviour during dormant periods while learning modifies it during period of responses to the— (a) Changes in poverty (b) Changes in adolescence (c) External environment (d) None of the above
Development of Child
SET No. 1
4 | Obj. C. D. & P.
15. An ordinary body contains ....................... chromosomes in ...................... pairs. (a) 22, 33 (b) 23000, 46000 (c) 2300, 4600 (d) 46, 23
16. Heredity exists in the genes that comes from— (a) Mother (b) Father (c) Grandfather (d) Parents
17. X chromosomes are a little .................... than Y chromosomes. (a) Shorter (b) Longer (c) More active (d) Brighter
18. One of the 23 chromosomes which is of a special significance is known as— (a) The sex chromosome (b) Gene (c) Autosome (d) Sperm cell
19. Children from poor homes but small family size still have the chance to get better environment for growth because they are likely to face less than children from poor homes but large family size. (a) Sanitary conditions (b) Happy parents (c) Peaceful conditions (d) Impoverished conditions
20. The present finding is that both .................. contribute jointly to the determination of behaviour. (a) Motivation arid emotion (b) Intelligence and emotion (c) Society and environment (d) Heredity and environment
21. The built-in-biological, developmental growth processes have been given the name of— (a) Heredity (b) Maturation (c) Neurological changes (d) State of readiness
22. The nature-nurture controversy in the develop- ment of human behaviour is quite— (a) Recent (b) Confusing (c) Old (d) None of these
23. The maturation period for the child to take his first step in walking is ............... months. (a) 5 to 6 (b) 10 to 12 (c) 4 to 5 (d) None of these
24. A child with average potential intelligence but fertile environment which gives him more opportunities of learning will achieve— (a) Better in life (b) Average in life (c) Nothing in life (d) None of these
25. The concept of state of readiness in maturation is important in understanding development of behaviour because it teaches us that certain skills may be difficult or impossible to learn before a given— (a) Level of teaching (b) Intelligence level (c) Socio-economic level (d) Age level
26. Behavioural changes which occur on the basis of physiological developments rather than learning and which appear in virtually all members of the species are the result of— (a) Fermentation (b) Rationalization (c) Socialization (d) Maturation
27. The hereditary factors assumed to exist within the chromosomes are called— (a) Atoms (b) Molecules (c) Protons (d) Genes
28. In recent years a highly magnified view of chromosomes and genes is provided by the— (a) Mechanical binoculars (b) Telescope (c) Magnifying glass (d) Electron microscope
29. Most human behaviour occurs when maturation is followed by— (a) Learning (b) Heredity (c) Puberty (d) ANS
30. Which factor influences eye colour? (a) Pituitary (b) Thyroid (c) Hereditary (d) Environmental
31. Patterns of human behaviour develop as a result of interaction between genetic factors and factors of— (a) Genes (b) Molecules (c) Environment (d) None of these
Obj. C. D. & P. | 5
32. Most of the behavioural traits that interest psychologists are— (a) Polygenic (b) Unrelated to each other (c) Unrelated to genes (d) Phenotypical only
33. Autosomes help in determining the-of the newborn and his or her characteristics like the shape of the nose, eyebrow, colour of the hair, eyes, etc. (a) Sex (b) Development of body structure (c) Genes (d) Strength
34. Genes work in— (a) Groups (b) Traits only (c) Pairs (d) Autosomes only
35. Both X and Y chromosomes are found in— (a) Female cells (b) Male cells (c) Brain cells (d) Human cells
36. Each body cell in man has-chromosomes. (a) 48 (b) 46 (c) 23 (d) Pair of 46
37. Do the children of intelligent parents always shine in studies? (a) Yes (b) No (c) Psychology provides no answer to this
question (d) It depends on God
38. What did Piaget call his approach? (a) Genetic epistemology (b) Equilibration (c) Schema (d) Accommodation
39. Arrange the following in chronological order. 1. Pre-operational stage 2. Formal operational stage 3. Concrete operational stage 4. Sensorimotor stage (a) 1, 2, 4, 3 (b) 2, 3, 4, 1 (c) 4, 1, 3, 2 (d) 2, 1, 3, 4
40. Piaget called the period of infancy as the— (a) Formal operational stage (b) Pre-operational stage
(c) Concrete operationa1 stage (d) Sensorimotor stage
41. Post-natal growth of ................. undoubtedly is related to physical development of the brain after birth, as well as to experiential factors. (a) Sexual organs (b) Attitudes (c) Intelligence (d) Motives
42. Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes results in a male offspring? (a) YY (b) XY (c) XX (d) XXY
43. The nucleus of each cell in human body contains pairs of chromosomes. (a) 46 (b) 24 (c) 23 (d) 48
44. A correct sequential rendering of the prenatal development stages is— (a) Germinal, embryonic, foetal (b) Foetal, germinal, embryonic (c) Germinal, foetal, embryonic (d) Embryonic, germinal, foetal
45. This method of study compares children at various ages simultaneously. It is the ........... method. (a) Longitudinal (b) Clinical (c) Experimental (d) Cross-sectional
46. Separation anxiety occurs when the new-born is— (a) 1 to 2 months old (b) 3 to 4 months old (c) 8 to 15 months old (d) 24 to 30 months old
47. Which of the following is an incorrect stage theory pairing? (a) Piaget - cognitive (b) Kohlberg - physiological (c) Freud - psychosexual (d) Erikson - psychosocial
48. Socially the young child can only attend to one dimension at a time. In cognitive terms this is called .................. . (a) Accommodation (b) Egocentrism (c) Assimilation (d) Reversibility
6 | Obj. C. D. & P.
49. At birth a new-born’s head is approximately .................. per cent of its total body length. (a) 15 (b) 25 (c) 40 (d) 50
50. When a harmful substance is taken by the mother, the aspect of foetal development most seriously affected is .................... . (a) Invariably the heart (b) The lungs (c) The cortex (d) That which is most rapidly developing at
the time the substance is consumed
51. ................... is the continuing function of heredity after birth. (a) Maturation (b) Learning (c) Habituation (d) Transduction
52. Which of the following is true for individuals in middle-adulthood? (a) Lower work satisfaction than in earlier
years (b) No decline in strength or tissue elasticity (c) Loss of skill on informational tasks but
not on timed tasks (d) Decrease in oestrogen production for
women
53. Middle-adulthood is a time when— (a) A person feels caught between generations
“children at both ends” (b) Marriage gets re-evaluated (c) Career gets re-evaluated (d) All the above
54. The notion that children develop more in the pattern of an inclined plane than in the pattern of steps is characteristic of— (a) Stage theory (b) Status theory (c) Continuity theory (d) Contiguity theory
55. Later childhood from the age of about 6 or 7 years has been called the ................. stage by Piaget. (a) Sensorimotor (b) Pre-operational
(c) Concrete operational (d) Formal operational
56. A major criticism of stage theories relates to the point that— (a) They ignore developmental norms (b) They fail to account for sudden changes
in behaviour (c) They are overly predictable (d) They oversimplify and ignore individual
variations
57. Kohlberg’s moral development stages are closely related to— (a) Freud’s psychosexual stages (b) Piaget’s cognitive development stages (c) Erikson’s psychosocial stages (d) Sullivan’s interpersonal stages
58. You know that even though the toy boat has been placed in the filled aquarium tank, the tank itself still contains the same amount of water. In Piagetian terms this is ............. conservation. (a) Number (b) Substance (c) Length (d) Volume
59. The child cognitively believes that the ocean’s waves only roll in when he/she is there watching them. This child is expressing ................. and has not yet attained ............... . (a) Accommodation, Assimilation (b) Conservation, Acquisition (c) Assimilation, Acquisition (d) Assimilation, Accommodation
60. Hebb’s six classes of factors of behavioural development do not include— (a) Chemical, prenatal (b) Chemical, postnatal (c) Sensory, constant (d) Sensory, prenatal
61. Some types of mental retardation and certain forms of antisocial behaviour have been found to be related to abnormalities of— (a) Sex chromosomes (b) Vitamins (c) X chromosomes (d) Y chromosomes
Obj. C. D. & P. | 7
62. Orphanage provides a good example of ........... in the development of child’s behaviour. (a) Supportive environment (b) Impoverished environment (c) Rich environment through donations (d) Adequate environment
63. Each of us begins life as a .......................... cell. (a) Simple (b) Single fertilised (c) Divided (d) Complex
64. During conception, if the sperm cells contain ................. chromosomes, the child is female. (a) Y (b) X (c) XX (d) XY .
65. A gene of one parent carrying the trait of brown eyes gets fused with a gene of the other parent carrying the trait of blue eyes. Amongst the following possibilities which one would be applicable to the above fusion of genes carry- ing trait of eye colour? (a) Brown-eyed offspring carrying the blue-
eye trait unexpressed (b) Blue-eyed offspring (c) Blue-eyed offspring carrying the brown-
eye trait unexpressed (d) Brown-eyed offspring
66. G. Stanley Hall’s view about adolescence as a period of ‘storm and stress’ is severely crit- icised by— (a) Margaret Mead (b) B.F. Skinner (c) Anna Freud (d) Dereck Freeman
67. Consider the following statements. The formation of attachment in human infants grows out of— 1. Tactile experience of being held and cuddled 2. Social interaction 3. Biological factors Of these statements— (a) 1 alone is correct (b) 2 alone is correct (c) 1 and 2 are correct (d) 1, 2 and 3 are correct
68. Ability is transmitted in humans by— (a) Zygote (b) Gene (c) Chromosome (d) Hormone
69. The situation usually caused by a failure of the mother’s twenty-first chromosome pair to separate, is known as— (a) Down’s syndrome (b) Klinefelter’s syndrome (c) Turner’s syndrome (d) Wilson’s disease
70. It is the make up of the ......... cell which biologi- cally determines the sex of the new born child. (a) Female (b) Male (c) X (d) XY
71. ..................... is the unit of heredity. (a) Chromosome (b) Gene (c) Fertilised cell (d) Zygote
72. In the making of a new born at least ................. genes are required. (a) 46 (b) 23 (c) 4600 (d) 2300
73. Zygote begins life with ............ chromosomes. (a) 46 (b) 23 (c) 2300 (d) 4600
74. The gene which dominates the other gene is called ...... gene and the other is called ...... gene. (a) Primary, Secondary (b) Secondary, Dominant (c) Dominant, Recessive (d) Recessive, Primary
75. Person’s phenotype is— (a) The observable characteristics of an
organism (b) All the genetic unseen characteristics (c) The influence of the social environment (d) The influence of heredity
76. When a cell is about to divide, its chromosomes and genes are— (a) Multiplied (b) Destroyed (c) Combined (d) Duplicated
77. Siamese twins are the result of— (a) The separation of fertilized ovum into two
identical organisms (b) The separation of fertilized ova (c) The incomplete division of cells (d) None of the above
8 | Obj. C. D. & P.
78. Behaviour genetics is concerned with the role of inheritance in aspect of behaviour and— (a) Development (b) Heredity (c) Personality (d) Environment
79. The psychologists suggest .......... years as ‘the magic age’ which is the average mental age of readiness in a child for reading. (a) 8 (b) 4 (c) 6 1/2 (d) 7
80. There is a regular sequence of behavioural development in all normal children, similar to predictable ................... development. (a) Mental (b) Physical (c) Social (d) Normal
81. Between the ages of 2 and 3 years, a child’s language development increases from approxi- mately ................. to .................. words. (a) 50, 1000 (b) 2, 10 (c) 20, 50 (d) 50, 5
82. The toy train disappears into a tunnel. From the child’s cognitive perspective, the train is gone (in effect, no longer exists). This cogni- tive experience expresses an absence of ............... and is characteristic of .................. . (a) Reversibility, the conservation stage (b) Assimilation, the conservation stage (c) Accommodation, the concrete operations
stage (d) Object permanence, the sensorimotor stage
83. In early junior high school, you would expect— (a) Boys to be taller than girls (b) Girls to be taller than boys (c) Boys and girls to be the same height (d) Boys to excel in finger dexterity tasks
84. Identical twins raised separately and found to have similar IQs are cited as examples of the contribution made to intelligence by— (a) Environment (b) Infant stimulation (c) Heredity (d) Learning
85. High correlation with premature birth has been found in cases where the mother's behaviour included— (a) Depression (b) Exposure to radiation
(c) Smoking (d) Thalidomide
86. In the early work of Hartshorne and May, designed to assess children's moral behaviour, it was found that— (a) Moral children always adhere to generally
recognised moral standards (b) Children seem to apply situational mo-
rality, acting differently in separate situa- tions involving the same moral principle
(c) Moral children never cheat (d) Boys generally have stronger consciences
than girls
87. Among the following, the incorrect pairing is— (a) Foetal period - eighth week until birth (b) Germinal period - first two weeks (c) Embryonic period - second week until
eighth week (d) Germinal period - onset of initial heartbeat
88. DNA refers to the— (a) Molecular configuration making up chro-
mosomes (b) Germ-cell configurations in genes (c) Atom structure in genes (d) Neural structure in cell bodies
89. Experiments demonstrate that infants register strongest preference for which one of the following visual stimuli? (a) Plain, solid colours (b) Bright colours (c) Patterned triangles (d) Likenesses of the human face
90. The prenatal period during which X rays and specific drugs can have the most detrimental effect upon development is— (a) The first eight weeks (b) The second to fourth month (c) The sixth to eighth month (d) Just prior to birth
91. Which of the following expresses a correct sequence in cognitive development? (a) Voluntary movement, intuitive thought,
object permanence (b) Concrete operation, mental representa-
tion, information processing
(c) Mental representation, symbolic thought, intuitive thought
(d) Conservation, object permanence, intui- tive thought
92. Which one of the following combinations would not be possible in a set of triplets? (a) Three fraternal (b) Three identical (c) Three mongoloid (d) Two fraternal, one identical
93. Which one of the following types of acceptance is most critical and pervasive to the long-range emotional health of a child? (a) Peer (b) Sibling (c) Self (d) Vocational
94. The play pattern most prevalent among three- year-old children is— (a) Solitary play (b) Associative play (c) Co-operative play (d) Parallel play
95. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists.
List I List II A. DNA 1. Genes B. Determiners 2. 23 chromosomes C. Reproductive cell 3. Sex chromosomes D. X and Y 4. Genetic
chromosomes substance Codes :
A B C D (a) 4 1 3 2 (b) 4 1 2 3 (c) 1 4 2 3 (d) 1 2 3 4
96. Each reproductive cell, male or female has chromosomes. (a) 46 (b) 23 (c) 44 (d) 22
97. ................... is the basic chemical substance of genetic code. (a) RNA (b) DNA (c) Chromosome (d) Fertilized cell
98. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists.
List I List II A. Identical twins 1. An incomplete
division of cells
B. Fraternal twins 2. The fertilized ovum separates and forms two or more iden- tical organism
C. Siamese twins 3. The role of inherit- ance in aspects of behaviour and personality
D. Separation of 4. Behaviour fertilized ova genetics
Codes : A B C D
(a) 2 4 1 3 (b) 2 4 3 1 (c) 4 1 2 3 (d) 2 1 4 3
99. Sex differences in the area of perception and personality are— (a) Apparent before age five (b) Initially detectable at age seven (c) Indistinguishable prior to age eight (d) Essentially mythical
100. Which one of the following accurately describes an aspect of prenatal development? (a) Heartbeat begins during the second week (b) Wastes are absorbed through the pla-
cental walls into the mother’s blood (c) The developing child and the mother have
completely intermixing, constantly inter- changing blood supplies
(d) The foetus has immunity to syphilis
101. If the mother must be separated from her child for three months during the child’s first year, an absence during which one of the following age periods would be least detrimental to the child’s development? (a) Two to five months (b) Three to six months (c) One to four months (d) Seven to ten months
102. Which one of the following statements is true of embryonic development? (a) The development of organs and organ
systems varies among embryos in both timing and sequence
10 | Obj. C. D. & P.
(b) Only one developmental sequence, heart development during the fourth week, is consistent among embryos
(c) All organ systems essentially develop together
(d) Universally consistent sequences and sequentially timing characterise organ system development
103. Babies allowed to select their own food for a six-month period would— (a) Eat too many sweets (b) Eat too many carbohydrates (c) Develop anaemia (d) Maintain a generally balanced diet over
the, long range
104. Within the human embryo, activity related to the development of hair and nails is centred in the— (a) Mesoderm (b) Endoderm (c) Exoderm (d) Ectoderm
105. A young child’s disobedience generally signifies— (a) Creativity (b) Intelligence (c) Unhappiness (d) Need for punishment
106. Anoxia is— (a) A disease of the blood cells (b) Interruption of the oxygen supply to the
brain (c) An oversupply of oxygen to the brain (d) Hyperventilation
107. A recessive trait will be expressed only— (a) If both dominant and recessive genes are
present (b) If a pair of the recessive genes is present (c) If at least one recessive gene is present (d) None of the above
108. At the stage of .......... the child’s capacity for thinking has developed to the extent that he can reason apart from concrete situations. (a) Concrete operations (b) Pre-operational (c) Formal operations (d) None of the above
109. Biological inheritance is determined, specifi- cally by the— (a) Chromosomes (b) Genes (c) Parents (d) Fertilized cell
110. The two primary methods for socialization of children are love-oriented punishment and— (a) Psychological punishment (b) Object-oriented punishment (c) Mental punishment (d) Temporary punishment
111. At the stage of formal operations, the child— (a) Has learned to symbolize and attach labels
to something in his environment (b) Reasons in terms of the dominant per-
ceptual experience (c) Can draw valid conclusions from the
experiments in a practical way (d) Has mastered many of the processes
required in solving problems where there are concrete materials
112. Piaget hypothesized that some of his causal observations with abnormal people would provide avenues for understanding the thought of the— (a) Normal people (b) Adults (c) Child (d) Retarded people
113. Certain ................... in mother’s blood can produce neurological damage and mental deficiency to the child. (a) Bacteria (b) Viruses (c) Germs (d) Deficiency
114. The prenatal foetal environment of the child is extremely important because normal develop- ment can proceed only— (a) If the liquid which surrounds the organ-
ism has the proper thermal and chemical properties
(b) If the liquid which surrounds the organ- ism has the proper vitamin and mineral properties
(c) If the organism gets proper nutrition (d) If the organism gets sufficient physical
and chemical energies.
115. The average IQ of identical and fraternal twins is ............ than that of people born individually. (a) Higher (b) Lower (c) Equal (d) Different
Obj. C. D. & P. | 11
116. Body proportions of human beings change most rapidly during the first ..................... years, the period of infancy and early childhood. (a) Four (b) Six (c) Five (d) Seven
117. ................. in mother’s blood increases the foetal heartbeat rate. (a) Chemical energy (b) Nicotine (c) Deficiency (d) Alcohol
118. In ............... stage, the child is beginning to understand the operations of classification, relations, numbers, temporal and spatial order. (a) Pre-operational (b) Concrete operations (c) Format operations (d) Pre-conceptual
119. Personality trait indicates two aspects of the behaviour of newborn babies which show some consistency from birth to later ages, general activity and— (a) Emotional expressiveness (b) Mental activity (c) Physical activity (d) Psychological problems
120. The learned attachment of young animals to mem- bers of their own species is known as— (a) Imitating (b) Imprinting (c) Repetition (d) Species-involvement
121. During the early period of life if a language is learned, the child can speak his language like a/an— (a) Foreigner (b) Native (c) Slow-learner (d) Adult
122. In case of multiplication of cells— (a) A cell is about to divide and its chromo-
somes and genes are divided and become half of the original
(b) A cell is about to divide, and its chromo- somes and genes are duplicated
(c) The nucleus of the cell is about to divide (d) A cell is divided into more than two cells
123. Select the correct answer from the following statements using codes given below the statements.
The laws of inheritance include two unpre- dictable or ‘chance’ factors; those are— 1. The independent assortment of chromo-
somes within any ovum and sperm 2. The union of two cells possessing different
sets of chromosomes 3. The union of particular sperm with a
particular ovum at fertilization 4. The union of one particular chromosome
with other chromosomes Codes : (a) 1 and 4 (b) 1 and 3 (c) 1 and 2 (d) 2 and 3
124. The structure of a DNA molecule is like a— (a) Ball (b) Double helix (c) Single cell (d) Fertilised cell
125. Differences in behaviour and differences in emotionality are produced as a result of variations in— (a) Environment (b) Heredity (c) Learning (d) Mental makeup
126. The term circadian rhythms refers to— (a) The cyclic changes in bodily processes
occurring within a single day (b) The circles around the eyes noted in new-
borns (c) The cycle accompanying toilet training (d) None of the above
127. Strong evidence suggests that the new-born— (a) Sees only blurred shadows (b) Has visual capacity for pattern discrim-
ination (c) Sees clearly but not in colour (d) Visually tracks moving objects success-
fully
128. Which one of the following terms is not generally used to describe the developmental period from ages two to six? (a) Pregang age (b) Age of dominance (c) Exploration age (d) Preschool age
129. A change in the structure of a gene that leads to minor or major changes in an organism’s physical constitution is— (a) Mitosis (b) Meiosis (c) Mastation (d) Mutation
continue
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ISBN : 978-93-5013-405-4
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Contents
Section–II
Section–III
Section–IV
General Information
Structure and Content of TET All questions in TET test will be Multiple Choice Questions (MCQs), each carrying one mark, with
four alternatives out of which one answer will be correct. There will be no negative marking. There will be two papers of TET— (i) Paper-I will be for a person who intends to be a teacher for classes I to V. (ii) Paper-II will be for a person who intends to be a teacher for classes VI to VIII. Note : A person who intends to be a teacher for both levels (classes I to V and classes VI to VIII) will
have to appear in both the papers (Paper-I and Paper-II).
Paper-I (For Classes I to V) Duration of Examination : Two-and-a-half hours
Structure and Content (All Compulsory) (i) Child Development and Pedagogy 30 MCQs 30 Marks (ii) Language-I (Compuslory) 30 MCQs 30 Marks (iii) Language-II (Compuslory) 30 MCQs 30 Marks (iv) Mathematics 30 MCQs 30 Marks (v) Environmental Studies 30 MCQs 30 Marks
Total 150 MCQs 150 Marks
Nature and Standard of Questions The test items on Child Development and Pedagogy will focus on educational psychology of teaching
and learning relevant to the age group of 6-11 years. They will focus on understanding the characteristics and needs of diverse learners, interaction with learners and the attributes and qualities of a good facilitator of learning.
The Test items for Language-I will focus on the proficiencies related to the medium of instruction. The test items in Language-II will also focus on the elements of language, communication and comprehension abilities. Language-II will be a language other than Language-I. A candidate may choose any one language as Language-I and other as Language-II from the available language options and will be required to specify the same in the Confirmation Page.
The test items in Mathematics and Environmental Studies will focus on the concepts, problem solving abilities and pedagogical understanding of the subjects. In all these subject areas, the test items will be evenly distributed over different divisions of the syllabus of that subject prescribed for classes I– V by the NCERT/CBSE.
The questions in the test for Paper-I will be based on the topics prescribed in syllabus of the NCERT/ CBSE for classes I–V, but their difficulty standard, as well as linkages, could be up to the secondary stage.
Obj. C. D. & P. | 1
Child Development &
Obj. C. D. & P. | 3
1. Nature and Nurture refer to— (a) Internal and external environment (b) Temperament and character (c) Physical features and temperament (d) Heredity and environment
2. Which chromosome is found only in males? (a) X (b) Y (c) XX (d) XY
3. The 22 pairs of chromosomes in the zygote are called— (a) Cells (b) Genes (c) Autosomes (d) None of these
4. The gene which does not dominate is known as— (a) Passive gene (b) Dormant gene (c) Recessive gene (d) None of these
5. Phenotype refers to— (a) That which is observable in genes (b) Genetic characteristics seen and unseen (c) Dominating genes (d) Recessive genes
6. Internal environment refers to— (a) That which is within the house (b) That which, is immediate to existence (c) Pre-natal environment (d) Post-natal environment
7. Intelligence is largely heredity— (a) True (b) False (c) To an extent (d) Not valid
8. Heredity is determined by— (a) Genes (b) Cells (c) Neurons (d) Nature
9. Human development is the result of— (a) Genetic and environmental factors (b) Biological factors (c) Anthropological factors (d) Social and motivational factors
10. A person’s genotype takes into account all genetic characteristics— (a) Seen in the person’s observable character-
istics (b) Seen and unseen (c) Unseen (d) None of the above
11. The newborn inherits genetic material from each parent. He or she gets-chromosomes bearing the mother’s genes and chromosomes bearing the father’s genes. (a) 46, 23 (b) 23, 46 (c) None, one (d) 23, 23
12. ...................... begins life with 46 chromosomes. (a) Autosomes (b) X chromosomes (c) Y chromosomes (d) Zygote
13. Maturation is not limited to muscle development. Some form of ...................... behaviour is also affected by maturation. (a) Emotional (b) Sucking (c) Olfactory (d) Crying
14. Maturation influences the individual’s behaviour during dormant periods while learning modifies it during period of responses to the— (a) Changes in poverty (b) Changes in adolescence (c) External environment (d) None of the above
Development of Child
SET No. 1
4 | Obj. C. D. & P.
15. An ordinary body contains ....................... chromosomes in ...................... pairs. (a) 22, 33 (b) 23000, 46000 (c) 2300, 4600 (d) 46, 23
16. Heredity exists in the genes that comes from— (a) Mother (b) Father (c) Grandfather (d) Parents
17. X chromosomes are a little .................... than Y chromosomes. (a) Shorter (b) Longer (c) More active (d) Brighter
18. One of the 23 chromosomes which is of a special significance is known as— (a) The sex chromosome (b) Gene (c) Autosome (d) Sperm cell
19. Children from poor homes but small family size still have the chance to get better environment for growth because they are likely to face less than children from poor homes but large family size. (a) Sanitary conditions (b) Happy parents (c) Peaceful conditions (d) Impoverished conditions
20. The present finding is that both .................. contribute jointly to the determination of behaviour. (a) Motivation arid emotion (b) Intelligence and emotion (c) Society and environment (d) Heredity and environment
21. The built-in-biological, developmental growth processes have been given the name of— (a) Heredity (b) Maturation (c) Neurological changes (d) State of readiness
22. The nature-nurture controversy in the develop- ment of human behaviour is quite— (a) Recent (b) Confusing (c) Old (d) None of these
23. The maturation period for the child to take his first step in walking is ............... months. (a) 5 to 6 (b) 10 to 12 (c) 4 to 5 (d) None of these
24. A child with average potential intelligence but fertile environment which gives him more opportunities of learning will achieve— (a) Better in life (b) Average in life (c) Nothing in life (d) None of these
25. The concept of state of readiness in maturation is important in understanding development of behaviour because it teaches us that certain skills may be difficult or impossible to learn before a given— (a) Level of teaching (b) Intelligence level (c) Socio-economic level (d) Age level
26. Behavioural changes which occur on the basis of physiological developments rather than learning and which appear in virtually all members of the species are the result of— (a) Fermentation (b) Rationalization (c) Socialization (d) Maturation
27. The hereditary factors assumed to exist within the chromosomes are called— (a) Atoms (b) Molecules (c) Protons (d) Genes
28. In recent years a highly magnified view of chromosomes and genes is provided by the— (a) Mechanical binoculars (b) Telescope (c) Magnifying glass (d) Electron microscope
29. Most human behaviour occurs when maturation is followed by— (a) Learning (b) Heredity (c) Puberty (d) ANS
30. Which factor influences eye colour? (a) Pituitary (b) Thyroid (c) Hereditary (d) Environmental
31. Patterns of human behaviour develop as a result of interaction between genetic factors and factors of— (a) Genes (b) Molecules (c) Environment (d) None of these
Obj. C. D. & P. | 5
32. Most of the behavioural traits that interest psychologists are— (a) Polygenic (b) Unrelated to each other (c) Unrelated to genes (d) Phenotypical only
33. Autosomes help in determining the-of the newborn and his or her characteristics like the shape of the nose, eyebrow, colour of the hair, eyes, etc. (a) Sex (b) Development of body structure (c) Genes (d) Strength
34. Genes work in— (a) Groups (b) Traits only (c) Pairs (d) Autosomes only
35. Both X and Y chromosomes are found in— (a) Female cells (b) Male cells (c) Brain cells (d) Human cells
36. Each body cell in man has-chromosomes. (a) 48 (b) 46 (c) 23 (d) Pair of 46
37. Do the children of intelligent parents always shine in studies? (a) Yes (b) No (c) Psychology provides no answer to this
question (d) It depends on God
38. What did Piaget call his approach? (a) Genetic epistemology (b) Equilibration (c) Schema (d) Accommodation
39. Arrange the following in chronological order. 1. Pre-operational stage 2. Formal operational stage 3. Concrete operational stage 4. Sensorimotor stage (a) 1, 2, 4, 3 (b) 2, 3, 4, 1 (c) 4, 1, 3, 2 (d) 2, 1, 3, 4
40. Piaget called the period of infancy as the— (a) Formal operational stage (b) Pre-operational stage
(c) Concrete operationa1 stage (d) Sensorimotor stage
41. Post-natal growth of ................. undoubtedly is related to physical development of the brain after birth, as well as to experiential factors. (a) Sexual organs (b) Attitudes (c) Intelligence (d) Motives
42. Which of the following combinations of sex chromosomes results in a male offspring? (a) YY (b) XY (c) XX (d) XXY
43. The nucleus of each cell in human body contains pairs of chromosomes. (a) 46 (b) 24 (c) 23 (d) 48
44. A correct sequential rendering of the prenatal development stages is— (a) Germinal, embryonic, foetal (b) Foetal, germinal, embryonic (c) Germinal, foetal, embryonic (d) Embryonic, germinal, foetal
45. This method of study compares children at various ages simultaneously. It is the ........... method. (a) Longitudinal (b) Clinical (c) Experimental (d) Cross-sectional
46. Separation anxiety occurs when the new-born is— (a) 1 to 2 months old (b) 3 to 4 months old (c) 8 to 15 months old (d) 24 to 30 months old
47. Which of the following is an incorrect stage theory pairing? (a) Piaget - cognitive (b) Kohlberg - physiological (c) Freud - psychosexual (d) Erikson - psychosocial
48. Socially the young child can only attend to one dimension at a time. In cognitive terms this is called .................. . (a) Accommodation (b) Egocentrism (c) Assimilation (d) Reversibility
6 | Obj. C. D. & P.
49. At birth a new-born’s head is approximately .................. per cent of its total body length. (a) 15 (b) 25 (c) 40 (d) 50
50. When a harmful substance is taken by the mother, the aspect of foetal development most seriously affected is .................... . (a) Invariably the heart (b) The lungs (c) The cortex (d) That which is most rapidly developing at
the time the substance is consumed
51. ................... is the continuing function of heredity after birth. (a) Maturation (b) Learning (c) Habituation (d) Transduction
52. Which of the following is true for individuals in middle-adulthood? (a) Lower work satisfaction than in earlier
years (b) No decline in strength or tissue elasticity (c) Loss of skill on informational tasks but
not on timed tasks (d) Decrease in oestrogen production for
women
53. Middle-adulthood is a time when— (a) A person feels caught between generations
“children at both ends” (b) Marriage gets re-evaluated (c) Career gets re-evaluated (d) All the above
54. The notion that children develop more in the pattern of an inclined plane than in the pattern of steps is characteristic of— (a) Stage theory (b) Status theory (c) Continuity theory (d) Contiguity theory
55. Later childhood from the age of about 6 or 7 years has been called the ................. stage by Piaget. (a) Sensorimotor (b) Pre-operational
(c) Concrete operational (d) Formal operational
56. A major criticism of stage theories relates to the point that— (a) They ignore developmental norms (b) They fail to account for sudden changes
in behaviour (c) They are overly predictable (d) They oversimplify and ignore individual
variations
57. Kohlberg’s moral development stages are closely related to— (a) Freud’s psychosexual stages (b) Piaget’s cognitive development stages (c) Erikson’s psychosocial stages (d) Sullivan’s interpersonal stages
58. You know that even though the toy boat has been placed in the filled aquarium tank, the tank itself still contains the same amount of water. In Piagetian terms this is ............. conservation. (a) Number (b) Substance (c) Length (d) Volume
59. The child cognitively believes that the ocean’s waves only roll in when he/she is there watching them. This child is expressing ................. and has not yet attained ............... . (a) Accommodation, Assimilation (b) Conservation, Acquisition (c) Assimilation, Acquisition (d) Assimilation, Accommodation
60. Hebb’s six classes of factors of behavioural development do not include— (a) Chemical, prenatal (b) Chemical, postnatal (c) Sensory, constant (d) Sensory, prenatal
61. Some types of mental retardation and certain forms of antisocial behaviour have been found to be related to abnormalities of— (a) Sex chromosomes (b) Vitamins (c) X chromosomes (d) Y chromosomes
Obj. C. D. & P. | 7
62. Orphanage provides a good example of ........... in the development of child’s behaviour. (a) Supportive environment (b) Impoverished environment (c) Rich environment through donations (d) Adequate environment
63. Each of us begins life as a .......................... cell. (a) Simple (b) Single fertilised (c) Divided (d) Complex
64. During conception, if the sperm cells contain ................. chromosomes, the child is female. (a) Y (b) X (c) XX (d) XY .
65. A gene of one parent carrying the trait of brown eyes gets fused with a gene of the other parent carrying the trait of blue eyes. Amongst the following possibilities which one would be applicable to the above fusion of genes carry- ing trait of eye colour? (a) Brown-eyed offspring carrying the blue-
eye trait unexpressed (b) Blue-eyed offspring (c) Blue-eyed offspring carrying the brown-
eye trait unexpressed (d) Brown-eyed offspring
66. G. Stanley Hall’s view about adolescence as a period of ‘storm and stress’ is severely crit- icised by— (a) Margaret Mead (b) B.F. Skinner (c) Anna Freud (d) Dereck Freeman
67. Consider the following statements. The formation of attachment in human infants grows out of— 1. Tactile experience of being held and cuddled 2. Social interaction 3. Biological factors Of these statements— (a) 1 alone is correct (b) 2 alone is correct (c) 1 and 2 are correct (d) 1, 2 and 3 are correct
68. Ability is transmitted in humans by— (a) Zygote (b) Gene (c) Chromosome (d) Hormone
69. The situation usually caused by a failure of the mother’s twenty-first chromosome pair to separate, is known as— (a) Down’s syndrome (b) Klinefelter’s syndrome (c) Turner’s syndrome (d) Wilson’s disease
70. It is the make up of the ......... cell which biologi- cally determines the sex of the new born child. (a) Female (b) Male (c) X (d) XY
71. ..................... is the unit of heredity. (a) Chromosome (b) Gene (c) Fertilised cell (d) Zygote
72. In the making of a new born at least ................. genes are required. (a) 46 (b) 23 (c) 4600 (d) 2300
73. Zygote begins life with ............ chromosomes. (a) 46 (b) 23 (c) 2300 (d) 4600
74. The gene which dominates the other gene is called ...... gene and the other is called ...... gene. (a) Primary, Secondary (b) Secondary, Dominant (c) Dominant, Recessive (d) Recessive, Primary
75. Person’s phenotype is— (a) The observable characteristics of an
organism (b) All the genetic unseen characteristics (c) The influence of the social environment (d) The influence of heredity
76. When a cell is about to divide, its chromosomes and genes are— (a) Multiplied (b) Destroyed (c) Combined (d) Duplicated
77. Siamese twins are the result of— (a) The separation of fertilized ovum into two
identical organisms (b) The separation of fertilized ova (c) The incomplete division of cells (d) None of the above
8 | Obj. C. D. & P.
78. Behaviour genetics is concerned with the role of inheritance in aspect of behaviour and— (a) Development (b) Heredity (c) Personality (d) Environment
79. The psychologists suggest .......... years as ‘the magic age’ which is the average mental age of readiness in a child for reading. (a) 8 (b) 4 (c) 6 1/2 (d) 7
80. There is a regular sequence of behavioural development in all normal children, similar to predictable ................... development. (a) Mental (b) Physical (c) Social (d) Normal
81. Between the ages of 2 and 3 years, a child’s language development increases from approxi- mately ................. to .................. words. (a) 50, 1000 (b) 2, 10 (c) 20, 50 (d) 50, 5
82. The toy train disappears into a tunnel. From the child’s cognitive perspective, the train is gone (in effect, no longer exists). This cogni- tive experience expresses an absence of ............... and is characteristic of .................. . (a) Reversibility, the conservation stage (b) Assimilation, the conservation stage (c) Accommodation, the concrete operations
stage (d) Object permanence, the sensorimotor stage
83. In early junior high school, you would expect— (a) Boys to be taller than girls (b) Girls to be taller than boys (c) Boys and girls to be the same height (d) Boys to excel in finger dexterity tasks
84. Identical twins raised separately and found to have similar IQs are cited as examples of the contribution made to intelligence by— (a) Environment (b) Infant stimulation (c) Heredity (d) Learning
85. High correlation with premature birth has been found in cases where the mother's behaviour included— (a) Depression (b) Exposure to radiation
(c) Smoking (d) Thalidomide
86. In the early work of Hartshorne and May, designed to assess children's moral behaviour, it was found that— (a) Moral children always adhere to generally
recognised moral standards (b) Children seem to apply situational mo-
rality, acting differently in separate situa- tions involving the same moral principle
(c) Moral children never cheat (d) Boys generally have stronger consciences
than girls
87. Among the following, the incorrect pairing is— (a) Foetal period - eighth week until birth (b) Germinal period - first two weeks (c) Embryonic period - second week until
eighth week (d) Germinal period - onset of initial heartbeat
88. DNA refers to the— (a) Molecular configuration making up chro-
mosomes (b) Germ-cell configurations in genes (c) Atom structure in genes (d) Neural structure in cell bodies
89. Experiments demonstrate that infants register strongest preference for which one of the following visual stimuli? (a) Plain, solid colours (b) Bright colours (c) Patterned triangles (d) Likenesses of the human face
90. The prenatal period during which X rays and specific drugs can have the most detrimental effect upon development is— (a) The first eight weeks (b) The second to fourth month (c) The sixth to eighth month (d) Just prior to birth
91. Which of the following expresses a correct sequence in cognitive development? (a) Voluntary movement, intuitive thought,
object permanence (b) Concrete operation, mental representa-
tion, information processing
(c) Mental representation, symbolic thought, intuitive thought
(d) Conservation, object permanence, intui- tive thought
92. Which one of the following combinations would not be possible in a set of triplets? (a) Three fraternal (b) Three identical (c) Three mongoloid (d) Two fraternal, one identical
93. Which one of the following types of acceptance is most critical and pervasive to the long-range emotional health of a child? (a) Peer (b) Sibling (c) Self (d) Vocational
94. The play pattern most prevalent among three- year-old children is— (a) Solitary play (b) Associative play (c) Co-operative play (d) Parallel play
95. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists.
List I List II A. DNA 1. Genes B. Determiners 2. 23 chromosomes C. Reproductive cell 3. Sex chromosomes D. X and Y 4. Genetic
chromosomes substance Codes :
A B C D (a) 4 1 3 2 (b) 4 1 2 3 (c) 1 4 2 3 (d) 1 2 3 4
96. Each reproductive cell, male or female has chromosomes. (a) 46 (b) 23 (c) 44 (d) 22
97. ................... is the basic chemical substance of genetic code. (a) RNA (b) DNA (c) Chromosome (d) Fertilized cell
98. Match List I with List II and select the correct answer using the codes given below the lists.
List I List II A. Identical twins 1. An incomplete
division of cells
B. Fraternal twins 2. The fertilized ovum separates and forms two or more iden- tical organism
C. Siamese twins 3. The role of inherit- ance in aspects of behaviour and personality
D. Separation of 4. Behaviour fertilized ova genetics
Codes : A B C D
(a) 2 4 1 3 (b) 2 4 3 1 (c) 4 1 2 3 (d) 2 1 4 3
99. Sex differences in the area of perception and personality are— (a) Apparent before age five (b) Initially detectable at age seven (c) Indistinguishable prior to age eight (d) Essentially mythical
100. Which one of the following accurately describes an aspect of prenatal development? (a) Heartbeat begins during the second week (b) Wastes are absorbed through the pla-
cental walls into the mother’s blood (c) The developing child and the mother have
completely intermixing, constantly inter- changing blood supplies
(d) The foetus has immunity to syphilis
101. If the mother must be separated from her child for three months during the child’s first year, an absence during which one of the following age periods would be least detrimental to the child’s development? (a) Two to five months (b) Three to six months (c) One to four months (d) Seven to ten months
102. Which one of the following statements is true of embryonic development? (a) The development of organs and organ
systems varies among embryos in both timing and sequence
10 | Obj. C. D. & P.
(b) Only one developmental sequence, heart development during the fourth week, is consistent among embryos
(c) All organ systems essentially develop together
(d) Universally consistent sequences and sequentially timing characterise organ system development
103. Babies allowed to select their own food for a six-month period would— (a) Eat too many sweets (b) Eat too many carbohydrates (c) Develop anaemia (d) Maintain a generally balanced diet over
the, long range
104. Within the human embryo, activity related to the development of hair and nails is centred in the— (a) Mesoderm (b) Endoderm (c) Exoderm (d) Ectoderm
105. A young child’s disobedience generally signifies— (a) Creativity (b) Intelligence (c) Unhappiness (d) Need for punishment
106. Anoxia is— (a) A disease of the blood cells (b) Interruption of the oxygen supply to the
brain (c) An oversupply of oxygen to the brain (d) Hyperventilation
107. A recessive trait will be expressed only— (a) If both dominant and recessive genes are
present (b) If a pair of the recessive genes is present (c) If at least one recessive gene is present (d) None of the above
108. At the stage of .......... the child’s capacity for thinking has developed to the extent that he can reason apart from concrete situations. (a) Concrete operations (b) Pre-operational (c) Formal operations (d) None of the above
109. Biological inheritance is determined, specifi- cally by the— (a) Chromosomes (b) Genes (c) Parents (d) Fertilized cell
110. The two primary methods for socialization of children are love-oriented punishment and— (a) Psychological punishment (b) Object-oriented punishment (c) Mental punishment (d) Temporary punishment
111. At the stage of formal operations, the child— (a) Has learned to symbolize and attach labels
to something in his environment (b) Reasons in terms of the dominant per-
ceptual experience (c) Can draw valid conclusions from the
experiments in a practical way (d) Has mastered many of the processes
required in solving problems where there are concrete materials
112. Piaget hypothesized that some of his causal observations with abnormal people would provide avenues for understanding the thought of the— (a) Normal people (b) Adults (c) Child (d) Retarded people
113. Certain ................... in mother’s blood can produce neurological damage and mental deficiency to the child. (a) Bacteria (b) Viruses (c) Germs (d) Deficiency
114. The prenatal foetal environment of the child is extremely important because normal develop- ment can proceed only— (a) If the liquid which surrounds the organ-
ism has the proper thermal and chemical properties
(b) If the liquid which surrounds the organ- ism has the proper vitamin and mineral properties
(c) If the organism gets proper nutrition (d) If the organism gets sufficient physical
and chemical energies.
115. The average IQ of identical and fraternal twins is ............ than that of people born individually. (a) Higher (b) Lower (c) Equal (d) Different
Obj. C. D. & P. | 11
116. Body proportions of human beings change most rapidly during the first ..................... years, the period of infancy and early childhood. (a) Four (b) Six (c) Five (d) Seven
117. ................. in mother’s blood increases the foetal heartbeat rate. (a) Chemical energy (b) Nicotine (c) Deficiency (d) Alcohol
118. In ............... stage, the child is beginning to understand the operations of classification, relations, numbers, temporal and spatial order. (a) Pre-operational (b) Concrete operations (c) Format operations (d) Pre-conceptual
119. Personality trait indicates two aspects of the behaviour of newborn babies which show some consistency from birth to later ages, general activity and— (a) Emotional expressiveness (b) Mental activity (c) Physical activity (d) Psychological problems
120. The learned attachment of young animals to mem- bers of their own species is known as— (a) Imitating (b) Imprinting (c) Repetition (d) Species-involvement
121. During the early period of life if a language is learned, the child can speak his language like a/an— (a) Foreigner (b) Native (c) Slow-learner (d) Adult
122. In case of multiplication of cells— (a) A cell is about to divide and its chromo-
somes and genes are divided and become half of the original
(b) A cell is about to divide, and its chromo- somes and genes are duplicated
(c) The nucleus of the cell is about to divide (d) A cell is divided into more than two cells
123. Select the correct answer from the following statements using codes given below the statements.
The laws of inheritance include two unpre- dictable or ‘chance’ factors; those are— 1. The independent assortment of chromo-
somes within any ovum and sperm 2. The union of two cells possessing different
sets of chromosomes 3. The union of particular sperm with a
particular ovum at fertilization 4. The union of one particular chromosome
with other chromosomes Codes : (a) 1 and 4 (b) 1 and 3 (c) 1 and 2 (d) 2 and 3
124. The structure of a DNA molecule is like a— (a) Ball (b) Double helix (c) Single cell (d) Fertilised cell
125. Differences in behaviour and differences in emotionality are produced as a result of variations in— (a) Environment (b) Heredity (c) Learning (d) Mental makeup
126. The term circadian rhythms refers to— (a) The cyclic changes in bodily processes
occurring within a single day (b) The circles around the eyes noted in new-
borns (c) The cycle accompanying toilet training (d) None of the above
127. Strong evidence suggests that the new-born— (a) Sees only blurred shadows (b) Has visual capacity for pattern discrim-
ination (c) Sees clearly but not in colour (d) Visually tracks moving objects success-
fully
128. Which one of the following terms is not generally used to describe the developmental period from ages two to six? (a) Pregang age (b) Age of dominance (c) Exploration age (d) Preschool age
129. A change in the structure of a gene that leads to minor or major changes in an organism’s physical constitution is— (a) Mitosis (b) Meiosis (c) Mastation (d) Mutation
continue
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