paper 20 information to authors · the satanic gases: clearing the air about global warming....

MGIRED JournalVolume 2(1) : 150-153

ISSN 2393 -9605

INFORMATION TO AUTHORS

Scope: The journal is a medium for dissemination of the research findings / policy

initiatives / latest R& D works/ in the areas of new and renewable energy sources, bio-

fuels, high energy plantations, energy conservation, rural development, environment

protection, climate change, forestry, etc.

Submission of articles/manuscript:

Soft Copy –

Hard Copy –

Sri. Punati Sridhar, I.F.S.,Executive Director,Editor-in-Chief, The Journal of MGIRED,Mahatma Gandhi Institute for Rural Energy and Development,Sri Rampura Cross,Jakkur, Bangalore - 560 064.

Submission of the manuscript to our journal implies that it has not been previously

published and is not under consideration for publication elsewhere; and further, that if

accepted, it will not be published elsewhere. Authors shall take complete responsibility for

the information submitted by them.

A covering letter in the given format should be sent for publication.

Copyright:

Suitable acknowledgment of any borrowed material must be made.

Categories of Manuscripts:

· Original Research Paper: Report findings of original research. Subtitles of the

original Research paper: Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, Materials and

Methods, Results and Discussion and References. (About 4000 words).

· Review Article: Compilation of critical reviews of published research findings in

the subject areas within the scope of the journal. (About 3000 words)

· Research Account: Report of the R & D work in progress. (About 1500 words).

Subtitles: Abstract, Keywords, Introduction, R & D description, Discussion,

References.

[email protected]

reference to the source map.

IN-TEXT CITATION AND REFERENCES

For citation and references APA style is adopted. Details are below:

Book with Single Author:

Gore, A. (2006). An inconvenient truth: The planetary emergency of global warming and

what we can do about it. Emmaus, PA: Rodale.

In-text reference: (Gore, 2006)

Book with Two Authors:

Michaels, P. J., & Balling, R. C., Jr. (2000). The satanic gases: Clearing the air about global

warming. Washington, DC: Cato Institute.

In-text reference: (Michaels & Balling, 2000)

Book with Editor as Author:

Galley. K. E. (Ed.). (2004). Global climate change and wildlife in North America.

Bethesda, MD: Wildlife Society.

In-text reference: (Galley, 2004)

Journal Article:

Miller-Rushing, A. J., Primack, R. B., Primack, D., & Mukunda, S. (2006). Photographs and herbarium specimens as tools to document phonological changes in response to global warming. American Journal of Botany, 93, 1667-1674.

In-text reference: (Miller-Rushing, Primack, Primack, & Mukunda, 2006)

Magazine Articles:

Allen, L. (2004, August). Will Tuvalu disappear beneath the sea? Global warming threatens to swamp a small island nation. Smithsonian, 35(5), 44-52.

Begley, S., & Murr, A. (2007, July 2). Which of these is not causing global warming? A. Sport utility vehicles; B. Rice fields; C. Increased solar output. Newsweek, 150(2), 48-50.

In-text references: (Allen, 2004)

(Begley, 2007)

Website:

United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2007, May 4). Climate Change. R e t r i e v e d F r o m t h e E n v i r o n m e n t a l P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y w e b s i t e : http://www.epa.gov/climatechange

In-text reference: (United States Environmental, 2007)

Information to Authors

· Reflective Essay: Report of the author's personal opinion vis-a-vis Government

policies and acts; programmes implemented by civil society and the Government,

interventions needed for developmental activities and so on. (About 1000 words)

· Book Review: Analysis of books with respect to subject matter, style and

relevance.

· Photo Article: Original photographs, art works or illustrations with title/ captions

and a brief write-up.

· Interviews: Reports of interactions with eminent researchers in their respective

disciplines.

MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION

· Font : Times New Roman

· Font Size: Title - 14 point Capitals, Bold. Subheadings: 12 point Capitals Bold.

Text 12 point regular font.

· Title page : Title of the paper, authors and affiliation details, Corresponding

author email

· Tables and figures with legends must be given at the end.

· Keywords should be limited to 5-6.

· Abstract and summary should be limited to 250 words each and convey the

salient points, summarize and explain the results and conclusions.

· All figures & images should be submitted in JPEG format separately.

Text: All papers must have an introduction. The text must make sense to readers from

different disciplines; technical terms must be described. Tables and figures should be

numbered sequentially. All symbols and abbreviations must be defined. Superscripts,

subscripts and ambiguous characters should be indicated. Units of measure should be

metric or, International System of Units.

Figures: Only original photographs in JPEG format will be accepted. Downloaded

photographs will be rejected. Photomicrographs and other photographs must have a scale

bar if required with a clearly defined legend. The map of India, States or regions if forming

a part of the article, must conform to official maps released by the Survey of India, giving

reference to the source map.

IN-TEXT CITATION AND REFERENCES

For citation and references APA style is adopted. Details are below:

Book with Single Author:

Gore, A. (2006). An inconvenient truth: The planetary emergency of global warming and

what we can do about it. Emmaus, PA: Rodale.

In-text reference: (Gore, 2006)

Book with Two Authors:

Michaels, P. J., & Balling, R. C., Jr. (2000). The satanic gases: Clearing the air about global

warming. Washington, DC: Cato Institute.

In-text reference: (Michaels & Balling, 2000)

Book with Editor as Author:

Galley. K. E. (Ed.). (2004). Global climate change and wildlife in North America.

Bethesda, MD: Wildlife Society.

In-text reference: (Galley, 2004)

Journal Article:

Miller-Rushing, A. J., Primack, R. B., Primack, D., & Mukunda, S. (2006). Photographs and herbarium specimens as tools to document phonological changes in response to global warming. American Journal of Botany, 93, 1667-1674.

In-text reference: (Miller-Rushing, Primack, Primack, & Mukunda, 2006)

Magazine Articles:

Allen, L. (2004, August). Will Tuvalu disappear beneath the sea? Global warming threatens to swamp a small island nation. Smithsonian, 35(5), 44-52.

Begley, S., & Murr, A. (2007, July 2). Which of these is not causing global warming? A. Sport utility vehicles; B. Rice fields; C. Increased solar output. Newsweek, 150(2), 48-50.

In-text references: (Allen, 2004)

(Begley, 2007)

Website:

United States Environmental Protection Agency. (2007, May 4). Climate Change. R e t r i e v e d F r o m t h e E n v i r o n m e n t a l P r o t e c t i o n A g e n c y w e b s i t e : http://www.epa.gov/climatechange

In-text reference: (United States Environmental, 2007)

· Reflective Essay: Report of the author's personal opinion vis-a-vis Government

policies and acts; programmes implemented by civil society and the Government,

interventions needed for developmental activities and so on. (About 1000 words)

· Book Review: Analysis of books with respect to subject matter, style and

relevance.

· Photo Article: Original photographs, art works or illustrations with title/ captions

and a brief write-up.

· Interviews: Reports of interactions with eminent researchers in their respective

disciplines.

MANUSCRIPT PREPARATION

· Font : Times New Roman

· Font Size: Title - 14 point Capitals, Bold. Subheadings: 12 point Capitals Bold.

Text 12 point regular font.

· Title page : Title of the paper, authors and affiliation details, Corresponding

author email

· Tables and figures with legends must be given at the end.

· Keywords should be limited to 5-6.

· Abstract and summary should be limited to 250 words each and convey the

salient points, summarize and explain the results and conclusions.

· All figures & images should be submitted in JPEG format separately.

Text: All papers must have an introduction. The text must make sense to readers from

different disciplines; technical terms must be described. Tables and figures should be

numbered sequentially. All symbols and abbreviations must be defined. Superscripts,

subscripts and ambiguous characters should be indicated. Units of measure should be

metric or, International System of Units.

Figures: Only original photographs in JPEG format will be accepted. Downloaded

photographs will be rejected. Photomicrographs and other photographs must have a scale

bar if required with a clearly defined legend. The map of India, States or regions if forming

a part of the article, must conform to official maps released by the Survey of India, giving

Gelspan, R. (2007). The Heat Is Online. Lake Oswego, OR: Green House Network. Retrieved from The Heat Is Online website: http://www.heatisonline.org

In-text reference: (Gelspan, 2007)

Acknowledgements : should be as brief as possible. Footnotes are not usually allowed except to identify the author for correspondence.

Internal Editorial Board Members

Mr. Vinod Kumar Patil, Junior Faculty (Biofuels), MGIRED

Mr. Praveen Kumar S.P., Senior Faculty (Renewable Energy), MGIRED

Mr. Ravi .K, Junior Faculty (Renewable Energy), MGIRED

Mr. N.M.K.D. Sarma, Senior Faculty (Research), MGIRED

Mrs. Leelavathi H.R., Senior Faculty (Socio-Economy), MGIRED

Ms. Sunanda L. Sankdal, Junior Faculty (Renewable Energy), MGIRED

e-mail : [email protected], [email protected] : http://www.mgired.kar.nic.in

Request to send the transaction details by e-mail to enable us to account for the amount towards the said project and further issue receipt.

INFORMATION OF CONTRIBUTIONS:

1) Smt. Lalitha S.K. Rs. 15,000/-

2) Sri. Deepak Dubey Rs. 4,000/-

3) M/s Corporate Leisure & Property Developments (P) Ltd. Rs.6,00,000/-

Bengaluru

4) Sri. V. Sairamani, Sri. G. Ravi & Sri. V. Rakesh, Builders Rs.6,00,000/-

Gelspan, R. (2007). The Heat Is Online. Lake Oswego, OR: Green House Network. Retrieved from The Heat Is Online website: http://www.heatisonline.org

In-text reference: (Gelspan, 2007)

Acknowledgements : should be as brief as possible. Footnotes are not usually allowed except to identify the author for correspondence.

Internal Editorial Board Members

Mr. Vinod Kumar Patil, Junior Faculty (Biofuels), MGIRED

Mr. Praveen Kumar S.P., Senior Faculty (Renewable Energy), MGIRED

Mr. Ravi .K, Junior Faculty (Renewable Energy), MGIRED

Mr. N.M.K.D. Sarma, Senior Faculty (Research), MGIRED

Mrs. Leelavathi H.R., Senior Faculty (Socio-Economy), MGIRED

Ms. Sunanda L. Sankdal, Junior Faculty (Renewable Energy), MGIRED

e-mail : [email protected], [email protected] : http://www.mgired.kar.nic.in

Request to send the transaction details by e-mail to enable us to account for the amount towards the said project and further issue receipt.

INFORMATION OF CONTRIBUTIONS:

1) Smt. Lalitha S.K. Rs. 15,000/-

2) Sri. Deepak Dubey Rs. 4,000/-

3) M/s Corporate Leisure & Property Developments (P) Ltd. Rs.6,00,000/-

Bengaluru

4) Sri. V. Sairamani, Sri. G. Ravi & Sri. V. Rakesh, Builders Rs.6,00,000/-

CONSUME WITH CARE!

Time Taken by common items to "break down" in the environment

Source: http://www.greenlivingtips.com

Material Time for “break down”

Paper towel : 2-14 weeks

Orange or banana peel : 2-15 weeks

Newspaper : 6 weeks

Apple Core : 2 months

Waxed milk carton : 3 months

Ply wood : 1-3 years

Thin Plastic bag : 10-20 years ??

Disposable Shopping bags : 500-1000 years

Plastic film canister : 20-30 years

Nylon Fabric : 30-40 years

Leather : 50 years

Tin can : 50 years

Styrofoam cup : 50 years

Boot sole : 50-80 years

Aluminum can : 80-200 years

Disposable diapers : 450 years

Plastic beverage bottles : 450 years

Monofilament fishing line : 600 years

Glass bottle : 1 million years

Sources of Lighting in India

Absolute Number Percentage

Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban

Total number of households 246,692,667 167,826,730 78,865,937 100 100 100

Electricity 165,897,294 92,808,038 73,089,256 67.2 55.3 92.7

Kerosene 77,545,034 72,435,303 5,109,731 31.4 43.2 6.5

Solar 1,086,893 916,203 170,690 0.4 0.5 0.2

Other oil 505,571 407,919 97,652 0.2 0.2 0.1

Any other 493,291 361,507 131,784 0.2 0.2 0.2

No lighting 1,164,584 897,760 266,824 0.5 0.5 0.3

Source: Census 2011, Government of India

(http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/hlo/hlo_highlights.html)

There is a lot to be done to provide safe and environment friendly basic amenities to all those households

without lighting, dependent on kerosene and firewood for lighting and cooking etc.

MGIRED within its limits is proactively taking small steps through its Remote Village Electrification

Programme and Smokeless Chulhas programme with the help of funding under Individual and Corporate

Social Responsibility.

One normal PC in Sleep Mode(Hibernation) will consume 35 watts/hr.

Based on this, For one week, 24*7=168 hrs.

Of this if we consider that we are working for 68hrs , then the PC is in Sleep Mode for 100

hrs a week.

For one month, 4*100= 400 hrs.

In a Normal IT office, if we assume approximately 250 PC's are there, 250*400=1,00,000

hrs (Sleep Mode).

So, the power wasted in an office in a month is 1,00,000*35= 35 KWH. If the charge per

unit is Indian Rs.6, then totally the wastage value is approximately Indian Rs.21,000/-.

Here the sad thing is not the money loss to the company but the power loss to the country.

Apart from loss to the country, we need to think of the efforts people are putting for

producing the power in the Mines, Thermal Stations, Hydro Electric Stations, etc. If this is

to continue, the cost of unit power will go up and, at one stage, we will not get power even if

we are ready to pay any cost.

So, before leaving office, take some time to shut down the PC and switch off lights, and do

some favour to the country and the organisation.

Go Green.....

Be the Change you want to see!

To all those who do not TURN OFF their PC's,AC's & Lights before leaving office.....

-Speech by Dr. A. P .J. Abdul Kalam

Source of Generation Transmission Other maintenance Total cost of Total cost of Total cost of Total cost of Line of

Fuel Cost per infrastructure cost/distribution on Generation per Generation per Generation per Generation per the Unit

kWh (Rs) Cost per kWh for infrastructure etc kWh per km kWh at a 5Km kWh at a 10Km kWh at a 15Km

a load of 100kW (per kWh) distance from distance from distance from

Grid/33KVA line Grid/33KVA line Grid/33KVA line

Coal Rs.2.00 Rs.1.00 Rs.0.50 Rs.3.50 Rs.7.50 Rs.12.50 Rs.17.50 30 years

Solar PV Rs.9.00 Nil Rs.0.20 Rs.9.20 Rs.9.20 Rs.9.20 Rs.9.20 25 years

Biomass Rs.4.25 Nil Rs.0.50 Rs.4.75 Rs.4.75 Rs.4.75 Rs.4.75 15 years

Micro Hydro Rs.4.20 Nil Rs.0.30 Rs.4.50 Rs.4.50 Rs.4.50 Rs.4.50 25 years

Wind Rs.4.50 Nil Rs.0.30 Rs.4.80 Rs.4.80 Rs.4.80 Rs.4.80 25 years

Sources:

Cost Comparison of various sources of Electricity

1. Shifting of Goal Posts: A report on rural electrification, Vasudha Foundation2. http://www.climateparl.net/cpcontent/Publications/RE%20Briefing%20Paper%203%20- %20Costs.pdf

CONSUME WITH CARE!

Time Taken by common items to "break down" in the environment

Source: http://www.greenlivingtips.com

Material Time for “break down”

Paper towel : 2-14 weeks

Orange or banana peel : 2-15 weeks

Newspaper : 6 weeks

Apple Core : 2 months

Waxed milk carton : 3 months

Ply wood : 1-3 years

Thin Plastic bag : 10-20 years ??

Disposable Shopping bags : 500-1000 years

Plastic film canister : 20-30 years

Nylon Fabric : 30-40 years

Leather : 50 years

Tin can : 50 years

Styrofoam cup : 50 years

Boot sole : 50-80 years

Aluminum can : 80-200 years

Disposable diapers : 450 years

Plastic beverage bottles : 450 years

Monofilament fishing line : 600 years

Glass bottle : 1 million years

Sources of Lighting in India

Absolute Number Percentage

Total Rural Urban Total Rural Urban

Total number of households 246,692,667 167,826,730 78,865,937 100 100 100

Electricity 165,897,294 92,808,038 73,089,256 67.2 55.3 92.7

Kerosene 77,545,034 72,435,303 5,109,731 31.4 43.2 6.5

Solar 1,086,893 916,203 170,690 0.4 0.5 0.2

Other oil 505,571 407,919 97,652 0.2 0.2 0.1

Any other 493,291 361,507 131,784 0.2 0.2 0.2

No lighting 1,164,584 897,760 266,824 0.5 0.5 0.3

Source: Census 2011, Government of India

(http://www.censusindia.gov.in/2011census/hlo/hlo_highlights.html)

There is a lot to be done to provide safe and environment friendly basic amenities to all those households

without lighting, dependent on kerosene and firewood for lighting and cooking etc.

MGIRED within its limits is proactively taking small steps through its Remote Village Electrification

Programme and Smokeless Chulhas programme with the help of funding under Individual and Corporate

Social Responsibility.

One normal PC in Sleep Mode(Hibernation) will consume 35 watts/hr.

Based on this, For one week, 24*7=168 hrs.

Of this if we consider that we are working for 68hrs , then the PC is in Sleep Mode for 100

hrs a week.

For one month, 4*100= 400 hrs.

In a Normal IT office, if we assume approximately 250 PC's are there, 250*400=1,00,000

hrs (Sleep Mode).

So, the power wasted in an office in a month is 1,00,000*35= 35 KWH. If the charge per

unit is Indian Rs.6, then totally the wastage value is approximately Indian Rs.21,000/-.

Here the sad thing is not the money loss to the company but the power loss to the country.

Apart from loss to the country, we need to think of the efforts people are putting for

producing the power in the Mines, Thermal Stations, Hydro Electric Stations, etc. If this is

to continue, the cost of unit power will go up and, at one stage, we will not get power even if

we are ready to pay any cost.

So, before leaving office, take some time to shut down the PC and switch off lights, and do

some favour to the country and the organisation.

Go Green.....

Be the Change you want to see!

To all those who do not TURN OFF their PC's,AC's & Lights before leaving office.....

-Speech by Dr. A. P .J. Abdul Kalam

Source of Generation Transmission Other maintenance Total cost of Total cost of Total cost of Total cost of Line of

Fuel Cost per infrastructure cost/distribution on Generation per Generation per Generation per Generation per the Unit

kWh (Rs) Cost per kWh for infrastructure etc kWh per km kWh at a 5Km kWh at a 10Km kWh at a 15Km

a load of 100kW (per kWh) distance from distance from distance from

Grid/33KVA line Grid/33KVA line Grid/33KVA line

Coal Rs.2.00 Rs.1.00 Rs.0.50 Rs.3.50 Rs.7.50 Rs.12.50 Rs.17.50 30 years

Solar PV Rs.9.00 Nil Rs.0.20 Rs.9.20 Rs.9.20 Rs.9.20 Rs.9.20 25 years

Biomass Rs.4.25 Nil Rs.0.50 Rs.4.75 Rs.4.75 Rs.4.75 Rs.4.75 15 years

Micro Hydro Rs.4.20 Nil Rs.0.30 Rs.4.50 Rs.4.50 Rs.4.50 Rs.4.50 25 years

Wind Rs.4.50 Nil Rs.0.30 Rs.4.80 Rs.4.80 Rs.4.80 Rs.4.80 25 years

Sources:

Cost Comparison of various sources of Electricity

1. Shifting of Goal Posts: A report on rural electrification, Vasudha Foundation2. http://www.climateparl.net/cpcontent/Publications/RE%20Briefing%20Paper%203%20- %20Costs.pdf

st thProgress of training at a glance from 1 Jan 2015 to 30 June 2015

Sl. Name No. of No. of

No. Trainings Participants

1. "Enjoy while you learn" - Awareness 5 337

programme for school students (Karnataka State)

2. Awareness programme for college students 13 732

(Karnataka State)

3. Awareness programme for Officials 3 75

4. Training programme for members of SHG's/ 3 135

NGO's and rural women on renewable Energy,

environment protection and cook-stoves

(Karnataka State)

5. Training programmes for ITI students and Rural 5 363

youth to be trained as Solar Technicians in

Co-ordination (Karnataka State)

6. Workshop / Seminar / Celebrations 4 327

7. Foreign Students visit 1 8

8. Training programme for rural youth - 4 146

"Soura Belaku”

9. Awareness programme for NSS Volunteers/ 1 91

NCC Cadets (Karnataka)

Total 39 2214

10. Exhibitions 2 650

TOTAL including exhibitions 41 2864

Dst thProgress of training at a glance from 1 Jan 2015 to 30 June 2015

Sl. Name No. of No. of

No. Trainings Participants

1. "Enjoy while you learn" - Awareness 5 337

programme for school students (Karnataka State)

2. Awareness programme for college students 13 732

(Karnataka State)

3. Awareness programme for Officials 3 75

4. Training programme for members of SHG's/ 3 135

NGO's and rural women on renewable Energy,

environment protection and cook-stoves

(Karnataka State)

5. Training programmes for ITI students and Rural 5 363

youth to be trained as Solar Technicians in

Co-ordination (Karnataka State)

6. Workshop / Seminar / Celebrations 4 327

7. Foreign Students visit 1 8

8. Training programme for rural youth - 4 146

"Soura Belaku”

9. Awareness programme for NSS Volunteers/ 1 91

NCC Cadets (Karnataka)

Total 39 2214

10. Exhibitions 2 650

TOTAL including exhibitions 41 2864

paper 20 information to authors · the satanic gases: clearing the air about global warming....

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