Pakistan and her neighbours

SECURITY SITUATIONIN

AFGHANISTAN/FATA

ECONOMIC COSTS

Security Environment

“Threat to Afghanistan is from five elements namely; Taliban, drug mafia, warlords, tribal and political rivalries”

Gen. James Jones, NATO Commander

Security SituationThe Security situation in Afghanistan is worseningDuring 2008, attack on NATO Forces/Afghan

Government installations increased by 40% – Violence not confined to areas adjacent to Pak-Afghan

border but in provinces deep inside AfghanistanTaliban/Al-Qaeda resistance is turning into a mass

scale insurgencyTaliban have raised thousands of recruits who are paid

better salaries than are paid to Government employees.According to perception in the local population, Taliban

have reorganized and exercise control over large areas of Southern and Eastern Afghanistan.

4 Southern provinces – Helmand, Kandhar, Zabul and Uruzgan are the main base and command center of Taliban and also of drugs.

Cross Border Movement

- 2560 km Pak-Afghan border remains mostly un demarcated, ill- defined and porous.

- There are 362 crossing points out of which 20 crossing points are frequented and 340 unfrequented

- Most crossings take place from unfrequented routes

- 10,000 to 30,000 people cross Torkham/Chaman border every day. (Businessmen, tribes, NGOs, international agencies, illegal immigrants)

Pakistan’s Dilemma The situation in tribal areas of Pakistan will remain volatile

due to instability in Afghanistan

Three million Afghan refugees in Pakistan for the last 30 years – a major economic drain, some of the Afghan refugee camps also provide save havens to Afghan insurgents

Lack of resources to enforce border control

The legacy of 30 years have established strong linkages between extremist elements in Pakistan with Taliban and Al-Qaeda

External interference in NWFP and Baluchistan.

Pakistan’s Role in bringing about stability in Afghanistan and Tribal AreasDeployment of 1,20,000 troops along Pak-Afghan border and

establishment of 900 border postsPakistan still hosting more than 3 million Afghan refugeesIn our fight against Al-Qaeda and Taliban more than 1000 of

Pakistan troops have lost livesPakistan has captured more than 700 Al-Qaeda and Taliban

elements and handed over to the US and Afghan Government

Stable Afghanistan is Pakistan’s interest to ensure stability in Pakistan and for economic development of Pakistan and the region

Pakistan is providing 300 million $ assistance to Afghanistan

Pakistan provides training to Afghan Customs and Diplomats

Registration of Afghan refugeesIntroduction of biometrics system

PAKISTAN SHOULD DO MORE?

9

BALOCHISTAN

2560 km

NWFPAFGHANISTAN

1200 km

KUNAR

NANGARHAR

NURISTAN

KHOWST

PAKTIKA

PAKTIA

1360

km

ZABUL

NIMROZ

HELMAND

KANDAHAR

BADAKSHAN

KHYBER

NOK KUNDI

NAUSHKI

CHAMAN

CHITRAL

NWA

SWA

ZHOB

BANNU

PESHAWAR

QUETTA

ROBAT

MINTAKA

Pakistan shares 2560 kms long

border with Afghanistan, out of

which 1360 kms border is with

NWFP while the remaining

1200 kms is shared with

Balochistan

BAJAUR

MOMAND

ORAKZAI

NWA

SWA

KHYBERKURRAM

PARACHINAR

PAKISTANPAKISTAN

AFGHANISTANAFGHANISTAN

FATA comprises 4200 FATA comprises 4200

sq kms of the Pak – sq kms of the Pak –

Afghan border belt, Afghan border belt,

which was considered which was considered

‘No Go Area’ before ‘No Go Area’ before

these operationsthese operations

11

Pak - Afghan Border belt

consists of mountainous

inhospitable terrain with

heights ranging from 6000 to

15000 feet

12

North Waziristan

The area on both sides of the border lacks basic infrastructure, due to which it is mostly under developed and quite inaccessible. This makes logistic support and sustenance of forces extremely difficult

13

MINTAKA PASS

GILGIT

KHYBER

DIR

BAJAUR

MOHAMAND

CHITRAL

KUNAR

NANGARHAR

NURISTAN

NAWA PASS

DORA PASS

BROGHIL PASS

NWA

SWA

KURRAM

ALWARA

ANGOOR ADDA

KHOWST

PAKTIKA

KABUL

GO

MA

L

INDUS

PESHAWARKHYBER PASS

PAKTIA

BADAKSHAN

GHAZNI

KABUL

ARANDU PASS

Bari Kot

Lawara

Nawa Pass

Chamkani

TorkhamThe tribal border belt has split families and tribes with property on both sides; therefore, cross border movement has been an accepted practice since long

14

Application of military and para military forces to

destroy hard core elements and establish the writ

of the government, coupled with extensive

deployment along the border to control cross

border movement

Engagement at the political level to secure the

desired objectives Cont

15

Revitalisation of the civil administration to

improve governance

Development of civic infrastructure of the region.

For this purpose, Pakistan has allocated US $ 80

million while United States has promised US $

150 million every year

16

Pakistan Army has established 821 posts along the border, as against approximately 120 that have been established by Afghan National Army and NATO

17

BALOCHISTAN

NWFPAFGHANISTAN

KUNAR

NANGARHAR

NURISTAN

KHOWST

PAKTIKA

PAKTIA

ZABUL

NIMROZ

HELMAND

KANDAHAR

BADAKSHAN

KHYBER

NOK KUNDI

NAUSHKI

CHAMAN

CHITRAL

NWA

SWA

ZHOB

BANNU

PESHAWAR

QUETTA

ROBAT

MINTAKA

Approximately 1,12,000

regular and para military

forces are presently

employed on our Western

Border

18

BALOCHISTAN

NWFPAFGHANISTAN

KUNAR

NANGARHAR

NURISTAN

KHOWST

PAKTIKA

PAKTIA

ZABUL

NIMROZ

HELMAND

KANDAHAR

BADAKSHAN

KHYBER

NOK KUNDI

NAUSHKI

CHAMAN

CHITRAL

NWA

SWA

ZHOB

BANNU

PESHAWAR

QUETTA

ROBAT

MINTAKA

110 major operations by

Pakistani Forces

13 joint operations with

Coalition Forces

19

Pakistan Armed Forces

Martyred (Killed) Injured

1500 3746

A NEW STRATEGY

Objectives

1) To end Suicide Bombings2) Pacify FATA3) Halt the spread of Taliban and militant influence4) Support the stabilization of Afghanistan

ELEMENTS OF THE NEW STRATEGY

1)1) POLITICALPOLITICAL (Dialogue with Tribal elders, those (Dialogue with Tribal elders, those willing to lay down willing to lay down Arms).Arms).

2)2) ECONOMICECONOMIC (Reconstruction activity. (Reconstruction activity. employment).employment).

3)3) MILITARYMILITARY (Military action against those (Military action against those unwilling to surrenderunwilling to surrender).

ECONOMIC COSTSECONOMIC COSTS

Absence of economic development Turkmenistan-Afghanistan-Pakistan-

India Pipeline Project Negative effect on Education, Health in

Afghanistan and Tribal Areas of Pakistan. Foreign Direct Investment. Transit and Access to sea of land locked

States of Central Asian Republics and Afghanistan.

Destruction of infrastructure. Environmental costs.

Challenges…….International Bilateral: Bilateral: India, USA, China, Afghanistan, IranIndia, USA, China, Afghanistan, IranRegional: Regional: SAARCSAARCWorld Forums: World Forums: UN, OIC, WBUN, OIC, WB

Image:Image:Terrorist / ExtremistTerrorist / ExtremistDemocracy Democracy Human Rights Human Rights

Minorities Minorities - - ProtectionProtection Women- Women- Rapes / VotesRapes / Votes

Nuclear proliferationNuclear proliferation

Challenges…….National

Economy:Economy:Sustain macro economic achievementsSustain macro economic achievementsStrengthen Micro economicsStrengthen Micro economics

Poverty Alleviation ProgramsPoverty Alleviation Programs Control Inflation & Price Hike Control Inflation & Price Hike

Politics:Politics:Decency, free from coercions and state interferenceDecency, free from coercions and state interferenceProvincial Harmony: Federal & Concurrent ListsProvincial Harmony: Federal & Concurrent Lists

Social:Social:Extremism: President’s Enlightened Moderation StrategyExtremism: President’s Enlightened Moderation StrategyBasic amenities: Education, Health, Safe Drinking WaterBasic amenities: Education, Health, Safe Drinking WaterLaw & Order: Batta’s, Theft (Mobiles,ATMs), Murders & Law & Order: Batta’s, Theft (Mobiles,ATMs), Murders &

RapesRapesSecuritySecurity

Internal DissentInternal Dissent

Strengthen: All Strengthen: All InstitutionsInstitutionsFocus: On Focus: On EDUCATIONEDUCATION Develop: Develop: MeritMerit based society based societyAcquire: Acquire: KnowledgeKnowledge and learn and learnEngage: In Engage: In ResearchResearchUniteUnite: irrespective of ethnic origin, : irrespective of ethnic origin,

language, language, religion, religious sect, religion, religious sect, region etcregion etc

Agree on Agree on National AgendaNational Agenda All Parties, All Regions, ALL PEOPLE All Parties, All Regions, ALL PEOPLE

Zero Tolerance for Zero Tolerance for CorruptionCorruptionCan we do it?Can we do it?

AGENDA for CHANGE