painting
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Roman Imperial Art:Painting
Reading:Stokstad,
Range:300 BCE-400 CERoman Republic and Roman Imperial
Terms/Concepts:Four Pompeian Styles, fauces, atrium, impluvium, taberna, peristylium, lararium, cucina, triclinium, tablinum, excedra,
Key Monuments: Not in Book, First-Style Painting,
House of Sallust, Roman Republic, 2nd century BCE.
6-25 Wall Painting in the “Ixion Room,” House of the Vettii, Pompeii, Roman Empire, 62-79 CE.
6-29 Cityscape, House of Publius Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, Roman Empire, c. 50-30 BCE.
Not in Book, Third-Style Painting, House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto, Roman Empire, 30-60 CE.
Aerial view of Naples.
Mt. Vesuvius
Joseph Mallard William Turner, The Eruption of Vesuvius, 1817.
He called for his shoes and climbed up to where he could get the best view of the phenomenon. The cloud was rising from a mountain -- at such a distance we couldn't tell which, but afterwards learned that it was Vesuvius. I can best describe its shape by likening it to a pine tree. It rose into the sky on a very long "trunk" from which spread some "branches." I imagine it had been raised by a sudden blast, which then weakened, leaving the cloud unsupported so that its own weight caused it to spread sideways. Some of the cloud was white, in other parts there were dark patches of dirt and ash. The sight of it made the scientist in my uncle determined to see it from closer at hand.
--Pliny the Younger (in a letter to Tacitus)
PompeiiCampania
Mt. Vesuvius
Priapus, House of the Vettii, Pompeii, c. 62-79 CE.
The city of Pompeii, like its neighbors, has been partially excavated from beneath the volcanic debris of an eruption in 79 CE.
The Roman Villa
Triclinium
Fauces
Lararium
Cucina
Taberna
Cubicula
Atrium
Impluvium
Peristylium
Tablinum
Excedra
Part I
Part II
Taberna
The Roman Villa
Triclinium
Fauces
Lararium
Cucina
Taberna
Cubicula
Lararium
Atrium
Impluvium
Peristylium
Tablinum
Excedra
Part I
Part II
Firs
t-St
yle
Seco
nd-S
tyle
Third
-Sty
le
Four
th-S
tyle
Styles of Pompeian Painting
House of Sallust, Pompeii, First-Style, c. 2nd century BCE.
House of Sallust
First-Style
First-Style
House of Sallust, Pompeii, First-Style, c. 2nd century BCE.
First-Style
House of Sallust, Pompeii, First-Style, c. 2nd century BCE.
First-Style
House of Sallust, Pompeii, First-Style, c. 2nd century BCE.
Dado
Isodomic Course
String CourseIsodomic Course
Orthostates
Isodomic Course
Plinth
Cornice
First-Style
House of Sallust, Pompeii, First-Style, c. 2nd century BCE.
House of the Samnite, Herculaneum, 100-80 BCE
First-Style
House of Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, 40 BCE.
House of Publius Fannius Synistor
Second-Style
House of Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, 40 BCE.
Second-Style
Tablinum, House of Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, 40 BCE.
False Door
Theatrical Mask Theatrical Mask
“Closed” Wall
Lamps Lamps
Second-Style
Cubiculum M, House of Publius Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, 40 BCE.
“Open” Wall
Exterior Space
Second-Style
Cubiculum M, House of Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, 40 BCE.
Second-Style
Cubiculum M, House of Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, 40 BCE.
Second-Style
Tablinum, House of Fannius Synistor, Boscoreale, 40 BCE.
Third-Style
House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto
House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto, Pompeii, c. 30-60 CE
Third-Style
House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto, Pompeii, c. 30-60 CE
Third-Style
Atrium, House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto, Pompeii, c. 30-60 CE
Tablinum, House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto, Pompeii, c. 30-60 CE
Flattened, linear architectural features.
Monochrome background.
EmblemataSecond Style
Narcissus, Tablinum, House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto, Pompeii, c. 30-60 CE
Tablinum, House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto, Pompeii, c. 30-60 CE
Tablinium, House of Marcus Lucretius Fronto, Pompeii, c. 30-60 CE
Fourth-Style
House of the Vettii, Pompeii, c. 62-79 CE.
Fourth-Style
House of the Vettii, Pompeii, c. 62-79 CE.
Wall painting in the “Ixion Room” of the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, 62-79 CE
Simulated Masonry
1
Flattened Emblemata
3
Illusionistic Space
2
Wall painting in the “Ixion Room” of the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, 62-79 CE
Wall painting in the “Ixion Room” of the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, 62-79 CE
Wall painting in the “Ixion Room” of the House of the Vettii, Pompeii, 62-79 CE
Still life, House of the Stags (Cervi), Herculaneum, c.62-79 CE
Portrait of Man and Wife, Pompeii House VII, 1st century CE.
Landscape, House of Livia, Rome, 27 BCE-14 CE.
Critical Thinking Question
1. How does the structure of the Roman house correspond to the usage of the space? The status of the homeowner?
2. Why are the four styles of Pompeian painting extremely problematic?
3. How do the paintings project the status/identity of the homeowner?