PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Inna Vasiljeva Ryan Chase Konstantin Lizunov

PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Traditionally has been associated with POM. New way of managing activities that has a

particular relevance for operations. Project- A temporary endeavor undertaken to

create a “unique” product or service. Definite beginning and ending. Results in unique product or service.

EXAMPLES OF PROJECTS

Building the Ataturk Bridge of Istanbul

Computer system design

Movie making Planning a military

invasion Installation of

equipment

TYPES OF PROJECTS

Individual- writing a paper, taking a exam Group- Preparing a presentation with 2-3

people Organization- Launching of a new product Multi organization- Government agreements Global Projects- Space exploration

DEFINITION

Project management can be defined as planning, organizing, coordinating, leading, and controlling resources to accomplish the project objectives. Plan the work Work the plan

ASPECTS OF PROJECTS

Project manager- Coordinates the efforts of people coming from a variety of functional areas.

Project Management System- The organizational structure used by the project manager to get things done.

Project team- Group of people working independently with required skills to accomplish the project.

Teamwork- Cooperative effort by members of a team to accomplish the project objectives.

MANAGERS

FUNCTIONAL MANAGER

PROJECT MANAGER

Clear chains of authority- Quasi-permanent

relationship- Can direct

Often operates in matrix structure with low authority- Temporary, shared

relationships- Often must

motivate positively

Established organization

Developing and changing organization

Long-term relationship

Short-term relationships

Directs a small set of skills

Directs a diverse set of skills

CRITICAL SUCCESS FACTORS

Are defined as elements that have to be done well in order for the activity to succeed.

Goal definition- defined goals, scope, and requirements.

Top management support- Continued involvement, support from top.

User involvement- client consultation Project manager- competence, on site Project team, manpower, accurate estimates,

control consultants, problem recognition

LIFE CYCLE OF A PROJECT

1) Project Identification

2) Project Appraisal 3) Project Selection 4) Project

Implementation Project Completeion

Form leader Define scope and

reference Work breakdown

structure Scheduling Time Cost tradeoffs

THE TOWN COMMİSSİON OF BORNOVA MUNİCİPALİTY HAS DECİDED TO BUİLD A BOTANİCAL GARDEN AND PİCNİC AREA İN THE HEART OF THE TOWN FOR THE RECREATİON OF İTS CİTİZENS. THE PRECEDENCE TABLE FOR ALL THE ACTİVİTİES REQUİRED TO CONSTRUCT THİS AREA SUCCESSFULLY İS GİVEN AT THE BOTTOM OF THİS QUESTİON.

Example

1.FIND CRITICAL PATH AND PROJECT TIME.2.WHAT İS THE PROBABİLİTY THE TOWN COMMİSSİON WİLL FİNİSH THE PROJECT İN 20 DAYS OR LESS?3.WHAT DATE RESULTS İN A 99% PROBABİLİTY COMPLETİON?

Time Estimates (DAYS)

Code of activity

Description of the activityImmediate

predecessors

Optimistic (x)

Most Likely

(m)

Pessimistic (y)

te= x + 4m + y 6

A Find Location:determine resource requirements - 2 3 4 3 0,1B Requisition of lumber and sand A 1 2 4 2 0,3C Dig and Grade A 1 1 1 1 0,0D Saw lumber in appropriate sizes B 3 5 8 5 0,7E Position lumber in correct locations D,C 3 6 7 6 0,4F Nail lumber together E 4 8 10 8 1,0G Put sand in and under the equipment F 1 1 2 1 0,0H Put dirt around the equipment F 1 1 3 1 0,1I Put grass all over the garden, landscape, paint G,H 1 4 8 4 1,4

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6e

y x

OBJECTIVES AND TRADEOFFS

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Meet thespecifications

Meet thedeadline

Due Date!

Stay withinthe budget

USE OF PROJECT MANAGEMENT CONCEPTS Scheduling is only part of a complete

approach to project management Tradeoffs between sophistication and cost of

methods Choice between PERT and CPM Project management software

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MAIN BENEFITS FROM USING PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Helps focusing on outcomes (the benefits) of a project rather than products or outputs

 Keeping a project on track Can help to reduce the risk of a completing

project not on time Controlling budget

BENEFITS OF CPM/PERT Useful at many stages of project management Mathematically simple Give critical path and slack time Provide project documentation Useful in monitoring costs

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•How long will the entire project take to be completed? What are the risks involved? •Which are the critical activities or tasks in the project which could delay the entire project if they were not completed on time? •Is the project on schedule, behind schedule or ahead of schedule? •If the project has to be finished earlier than planned, what is the best way to do this at the least cost?

CPM/PERT can answer the following important questions:

LIMITATIONS TO CPM/PERT Clearly defined, independent and stable activities Specified precedence relationships Over emphasis on critical paths Deterministic CPM model Activity time estimates are subjective and depend on

judgment PERT assumes a beta distribution for these time

estimates, but the actual distribution may be different PERT consistently underestimates the expected project

completion time due to alternate paths becoming critical

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COMPUTER SOFTWARE FOR PROJECT MANAGEMENT

Microsoft Project (Microsoft Corp.) MacProject (Claris Corp.) PowerProject (ASTA Development Inc.) Primavera Project Planner (Primavera) Project Scheduler (Scitor Corp.) Project Workbench (ABT Corp.)

THANK YOU FOR YOUR ATTENTION