p n karlekar managing director, cheminova india limited 3 rd february, 2013
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Conference on Doubling Food Production in Five Years . Role of Agrochemicals in Production of Food, Feed, Fibre , Energy & Bio Plastics . P N Karlekar Managing Director, Cheminova India Limited 3 rd February, 2013 India Habitat Centre, New Delhi. Contents. Food Scenario - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
P N KarlekarManaging Director, Cheminova India
Limited3rd February, 2013
India Habitat Centre, New Delhi
Role of Agrochemicals in Production of Food,
Feed, Fibre, Energy & Bio Plastics
Conference on Doubling Food Production in Five Years
Contents
Food Scenario
Economic Indicators
Relevance of Agriculture
Importance of Agrochemicals
Role of Industry
Thought to Ponder Over
Food Scenario
1964-65 : very good monsoon but still food aid was 7 Mio Tons out of 68 Mio Tons.
1965-66 : in drought food production reduced by 17 Mio Tons and therefore foreign experts opined that India could never be self-sufficient in food.
2012 monsoon comparable to 1965 - 66 Green revolution raised total food availability due to
increased yields
Food Scenario
Starvation reduced because of reasons largely other than Agriculture : Better distribution/roads Better employment and consequent affordability. Irrigation from 30% to 55% through bore wells (4/5th of total) Good Rabi due to bore wells. Agriculture as % GDP reduction from 52% to 14%. Now India can afford import food. Food stocks are 80 Mio Tons.
Drought may no longer mean starvation but inflation
Food Scenario
Rising Population with Growing Income driving the Food demand
By 2020, India’s Population to be 1.32 billion & needs 300 Mio Mt. of Food grains to meet the demand
Per Capita Income in Rs.
Indian Population in Mn.
Source :- CSO
Present Food Production not enough to meet the growing demand
Fluctuating and stagnant Production of Food grains in fact declined the availability from 510 g in 1991 to 460 g in 2011
Source :- Dept. of Agriculture & Cooperation
Nutritional Status of Indian Population is far from satisfactory India ranks 67th in a list of 81
countries on the World Hunger Index
In India 828 Million People under mal nutrition and 551 million people in Sub – Saharan Africa
Unfortunately, half of the World’s hungry people are in India
21 % of our Population is undernourished, 50 % of Children are malnourished & 75% of Women suffer from anemia
Economic Indicators
Economic Indicators
GDP Growth in 2012 est. to be 5.5 % against Budget Estimate of 7.6 %
Indian GDP : US $ 1.7 trillion (INR 75 Lac Cr.)
Total Liabilities : INR 51 Lac Cr. (Sovereign Debt, Pensions, Savings Liability)
Tax Revenue : INR 7.7 Lac Cr.
Expenses : INR 13.2 Lac Cr.
Fiscal deficit : INR 5.2 Lac Cr.
Fixed Expenses :
Interest - INR 2.8 Lac Cr.
Defence – INR 1.8 Lac Cr.
Subsidies – INR 2.2 Lac Cr.
Proposed Food Security Bill – INR 1.5 Lac Cr
Economic Indicators
Current A/C deficit – 4.2 %
Fiscal deficit – 5.7 %
Revenue Deficit – 3.4 %
India’s debt to GDP ratio - 80%
Av. WPI Inflation – 7.5 %
Declining Capital Expenditure to total Expenditure
1991 - 25 %
2013 - 14 %
Central bank has enhanced the investment limit in debt instruments for FII’S
from $10 bn to $75 bn, perhaps to help finance current account deficit (4.2%
against maximum desired 3% )
Our External debt has worsened by $20 bn in September compared to March.
Foreign Exchange reserves / External debt is now 80% from earlier 85%
The debt to be repaid in near term accounted for 43% of total External debt &
52% of Foreign Exchange Reserves
India Probably needs to grow at 6% or more to maintain financial Stability.
Lower growth than that, would make the public debt harder to bear & scare
off Foreign Capital that India needs to fund its current account deficit & pay for
its imported energy
Economic Indicators
India’s dependence on Foreign Oil is growing & Fuel Import is 38 % of total
Merchandize Imports
Less than 1/3 rd of the Population uses LPG for Cooking
300 Million don’t have access to Electricity
40% Power Lost in Transmission
54,000 MW Power against the target of 78700 MW during the 11th Plan at only
69 % of the target
Only 46.9 % of the total 246.6 million households have toilet facilities and in
stark contrast, 63.2 % of the households own a telephone, 53.2 % mobile
phones, 47.2 % own Television.
Reforms are needed in Electricity, Labour, Land & Capital
Economic Indicators
Relevance of Agriculture
Relevance of Agriculture
Contributors to the Growth
Relevance of Agriculture
IT employs only 2.0 Mio out of 1.2 Billion. Services alone can not possibly feed millions
In two decades from now, there will be 2 billion more people wanting &
deserving to boost themselves out of poverty
Growth in Agriculture Sector is 4 times more effective in reducing
Poverty than other Sectors
UN projection is that India will cross China’s population by 2030 & will
reach 1.6 billion by 2050
People packed in Slums need help but the problems that need’s solving
is poverty not over population.
80 % of Public Expenditure in Agriculture in Input Subsidies (Fertilizers,
Power & Irrigation) & remaining 20 % only as Investment in Agriculture
Relevance of Agriculture
Rising Food Prices hurting the common man “Aam Admi”
There is not a quick fix of the price issue :- Bold Reforms required
Investment in Agriculture by Govt. is not that easy given the fiscal deficit of est. 5.7 % in 2012 - 13
% Share of Food in Total Consumption Expenditure
Indian spend ~ 50 % of their total monthly expenditure on FoodRural India Spend ~ 30 % of their food expenditure on Rice & Wheat & Urban India ~ 22 %.
Decreasing arable land - challenges of producing more from less India with 11 % of
arable land to feed 17 % of the World Population
Arable Land :– 166 Mio Ha to 158 Mio Ha
Land for non agricultural uses :- 7 % in 1991 to 10 % in 2010
One Viable Option - Improving Agricultural Productivity to satisfy the growing demand for food, fibre, fuel & bioplastics
Diminishing Average Land Holding (Ha.)
Importance of Agrochemicals
Relevance of Agrochemicals
In India, Only 25 – 30 % farmers are aware of the use of Pesticides with ~ 35 – 40 % of the farm lands under crop protectionThere is an urgent need to educate the farmers on the benefits of using agrochemicals to raise farm productivity
Cost : Benefit Ratio of Agrochemical Usage
On an average, India import ~ 3 Mio Mt. of Pulses every year at a cost of INR 10,000 Crores & research proved that Control of Pod borer - a common pest can reduce the India’s reliance on Pulses import Increasing yields, in my view, is the only
feasible solution to address the problem of stagnant arable land feeding the rising population and ensuring “Food Security”
Usage of herbicides with less tillage (Zero Tillage) enable farmers to
grow more per unit area and prevent soil erosion
Weed control can enhance 2 – 3 Million Mt. of Pulse Production :- Dr. K. Kasturirangan (Member Planning Commission)
100 % Seed treatment – Efficient way of controlling losses & getting better quality yield
Weedy rice :- difficult to control by manual weeding as it looks same in the beginning & can reduce the rice yield by 40 %. :- Dr. Jay G Varshney – Director – DWSR (Directorate of Weed Science Research)
Health & Hygiene :- Mosquito Control, Malaria Parasites
Agro Chemicals for Sustainable Agriculture & Human Health
Key Differentiator
Technology – Lowest Common Denominator
Gap between on Yields with Improved Agronomic Practices and adoption of modern technologies in Punjab & Haryana compares well with the developed nation
Wide spread
Adoption of
Herbicides use in rice
& wheat in Punjab
& Haryana in a way
contributed to
higher productivity
Organic Agriculture
Green Movement presupposes that Life of Future generation in developed world is more important than present lives of Developing / under Developed World
Organic Agriculture
Some findings on Organic Agriculture -
India’s total Organic Food Production – 1.8 Mio Mt
Yield is 35 – 62 % lower than the conventional
Organic requires 35 % more labour
Affordability of Organic Foods ????
Long Term Sustainability ???
Myths about Pesticides Toxicity
Organic foods are not safer than Conventional
Role of AgrochemicalsEnhanced Productivity matching the Per acre yield with the best of the world
More Grains per unit of Land More Grains per unit of Labour More Grains per unit of Water More Grains per unit of Energy
Agrochemicals fulfilling the global cause of feeding billions, many of whom are still suffering starvation, while conserving the scarce resources such as Land, Water & Energy
Role of Industry Enlightening the Bureaucrat, Judiciary, Media, Political master &
Society at large on the positive contribution & crucial importance of Agrochemicals & busting the myth about toxicity
Making Investment of time & training resources for educating farmers about best Agricultural Practices
Making Investment in Agriculture by participating in Micro Projects through PPP
Cheminova’s Humble Contribution Cheminova’s one of the belief that “Education” is crucial for building a
Just, equitable, humane & sustainable Society
Education is a good equalizer specifically for underprivileged & disadvantaged sections of the Society
Cheminova India Limited in coordination with State Agricultural Universities, Agricultural Deptt. & Non – Governmental Organization have selected few villages which are not easily accessible across agro climatic regions of India for making little difference in their way of life by working together with the rural populace.
Cheminova’s Mission
“We help improve quality of life for
the world’s population by supplying
products that help farmers increase yields and
quality of crops to satisfy
the global demand for food, feed, fiber and energy.”
We Contribute to make a Better World – We make a difference!
Thought to Ponder Over
Thought to Ponder Over Entire Developed World gives lip service in Organic
Farming, whereas uses best of the Agricultural Technology incl. scientific use of appropriate quantities of Agrochemical to achieve Superior Yields & Quality
Real need of higher yield is more for India which has maximum population of BPL families
The real need for India is to reduce Poverty & not Population
Thank You