oxygen therapy v2

8/8/2019 Oxygen Therapy v2

1/27

3/5/2007 1

Oxygen Therapy


2/27

3/5/2007 2

Overview

Breathing process

Hypoxic Drive

Oxygen safety

Oxygen equipment Oxygen delivery devices

Portable suction devices OPAs(Orapharyngeal Airway)


3/27

3/5/2007 3

Indications for O2

Therapy

Respiratory arrest or difficulty breathing

Cardiac arrest

Heart attack

Lung disease

Chest injuries

Airway obstruction Stroke

Shock

Seizures Diabetes

Trauma

Major blood loss


4/27

3/5/2007 4

Hypoxic Drive

Breathing Process

The exchange of O2 upon inspiration and CO2 onexpiration

Normal breathing is initiated by the increase of

CO2 in the lungs COPD patients(elderly) may sometimes resort

to the Hypoxic Drive for breathing

Breathing initiated by the amount of O2 in the lungs,

not CO2, like normal


5/27

3/5/2007 5

Inspirations and Expirations


6/27

3/5/2007 6

Oxygen Safety

If O2 tank gets punctured, or

valves break off, tank becomesa missile

O2 supports combustion,

causing fire to burn rapidly

When under pressure, O2 and

oil DONT MIX Can cause a reaction which may

cause an explosion


7/27

3/5/2007 7

Oxygen Safety

Dont lubricate the O2 tank or gauges with

petroleum products Never roll a tank

Never store in heat or in a closed vehicle in the

sun No smoking or exposure to open flame around

O2

No tape on tank/gauges O2 reacts with some adhesives

Store tanks upright and secured


8/27

3/5/2007 8

Oxygen Equipment

O2 is stored under 2000 psi(pounds per square inch)

Safe Residual Pressure is

200 psi


9/27

3/5/2007 9

Duration of Flow Rate Formula

Gauge pressure in psi X Constant = Flow in MinutesFlow Rate in L/min

Constants

D Cylinder = 0.16 E Cylinder = 0.28


10/27

3/5/2007 10

Oxygen Delivery Devices

Nasal Cannula

Delivers O2 into the patients nostrils by wayof two small plastic prongs

Small concentration of O2

Simple Face Mask

Delivers moderate concentrations of O2

Non-Rebreather Mask

Delivers high concentrations of O2


11/27

3/5/2007 11

Pocket Mask

Mouth-to-mask ventilation is the preferred method to usewhen performing artificial ventilation

Advantages: Mask eliminates direct contact with the patients nose, mouth,

and secretions

Use of one-way valve at the ventilation port preventsexposure to the patients exhaled air

This method can provide adequate and sometimes greatertidal volumes than a BVM

Supplemental oxygen can be administered through theoxygen inlet that most pocket masks have in addition to theventilation port

Make sure to form a good seal around the mask


12/27

3/5/2007 12

Pocket Mask


13/27

3/5/2007 13


Nasal Cannula


14/27

3/5/2007 14

Non Rebreather Mask



15/27

3/5/2007 15


Flow Rate

OxygenDelivery

Nasal Cannula 1-6 Litres/min 24% - 44%

Simple Mask 6-10 Litres/min 40%- 60%Non-

Rebreather

10-15

Litres/min

80-95%


16/27

3/5/2007 16



17/27

3/5/2007 17

Portable Suction Devices

Several types of portable suctions on themarket

Hand operated to the mechanicallypowered ones


18/27

3/5/2007 18



19/27

3/5/2007 19

All portable suction units must have:

Thick walled, non-kinking wide bore tube Non-breakable collection container

Sterile, disposable, rigid suction tubes/tips The longer suction tips are usually called

catheters

The rigid suction tips are usually called

tonsil tips



20/27

3/5/2007 20


21/27

3/5/2007 21

Suctioning Rules

NEVER suction for longer than 15

seconds at a time

NEVER suction as you are inserting thecatheter, place the suction tip in the

patients mouth before starting suction


22/27

3/5/2007 22

Oropharyngeal Airway (OPA)

An OPA is a device usually made of

plastic It is inserted into the patients mouth and

into the back of the throat Helps to maintain an open airway for

breathing or resuscitation

Use OPAs only on unconscious patients

who DONT have a gag reflex


23/27

3/5/2007 23



24/27

3/5/2007 24


Advantages of OPAs

Helps the rescuer maintain an open airway Allows the rescuer to deliver more effective

ventilations

Disadvantages of OPAs

Can delay the beginning of resuscitation if it is

not readily available


25/27

3/5/2007 25


Measuring the OPA

Numerous standardized sizes of OPAsdesigned to fit infants, children, and adults

Measure from the corner of the mouth to the

tip of the earlobe

When positioned properly, the flange rests

against the patients lips


26/27

3/5/2007 26

Summary

Hypoxic drive

Oxygen safety a priority Oxygen delivery devices

Portable suction OPAs


27/27

3/5/2007 27

ANY QUESTIONS?

oxygen therapy v2

Documents