OXFORD BIBLIOGRAPHIES ONLINE

CONTRIBUTOR GUIDELINES

CONTENTS

The BasicsPlanning your EntryGeneral Principles

Structuring Your EntryEntry Elements in Detail

Citation StylesSome Notes on Style

Submitting Your EntryChecklist

THE BASICS

WHAT IS OXFORD BIBLIOGRAPHIES ONLINE (OBO)? A major new online publishing initiative to create a product designed specifically for the

way that researchers work online An umbrella site that provides a starting point for scholarly research

WHAT IS ITS PURPOSE? To provide a path through the current environment of information overload To point scholars to the most important and most useful content across a range of

disciplines in whatever format it appears (print, online, audio, visual) To facilitate access to that content, by linking to institutionally held resources (ebooks,

online journals); open access content (websites, blogs); and implementing cross-references within entries and across Bibliographies

WHO ARE THE INTENDED USERS OF THE SITE? Researchers at all levels, including undergraduates, graduate students and scholars We expect the core user group to be graduate students

These guidelines describe the procedures we expect you to follow. They are intended to assist you in planning, writing, and submitting your entry. If you have questions about scope, style, format, or procedure, contact the editor at OUP.

Please send manuscripts, correspondence, and inquiries to the editor at OUP.

PLANNING YOUR ENTRYSCOPE OF YOUR ENTRY. You should produce a selective and balanced bibliographic guide, including commentary and annotated citations that will cover the full range of scholarship on the topic listed on the Schedule A.

ALTERNATIVE FORMS OF THE ENTRY TERM. Include a brief list of the most common variant spellings or forms as appropriate (e.g., “Heracles,” “Herakles,” and “Hercules”). This will make your entry easier to find on the site if users type in a variant form.

LENGTH. OBO will include entries ranging in length from 1,500 to 7,500 words or from 25 to 150 citations. The suggested word count for your entry appears on the Schedule A. This should be used as a general guide. You should use as many words as is necessary to provide full coverage to the literature on your topic.

BALANCE OF INTERPRETATION. OBO has an obligation to present all significant sides of controversial and unresolved questions in a fair manner, striking a balance among diverse viewpoints. Your entry should reflect these viewpoints. Avoid partisanship and polemic. Wherever appropriate, your entry should let the reader know that a debate exists, the implications of the debate, and where additional information can be found.

CHECKLIST. For your convenience, we have provided a checklist at the end of this document, which you can use to confirm that you have included all of the necessary elements and desired range of resources.

GENERAL PRINCIPLES

BE SELECTIVE. Your entry should be a selective guide to the best and most useful sources. If a Google search is the jungle, OBO is the path through it.

BE CONCISE. Your text will only appear online. Write with precision and use short paragraphs that may be easily viewed online.

BE EVENHANDED. Offer a balanced overview of the major literature on a given topic. Be sure to include representative works from all perspectives.

BE TRANSPARENT. Your introductions and annotations should make it clear why particular citations have been included by putting them in their context within the subject.

OFFER GUIDANCE. Users want to know not only why you have included a resource, but what to expect from it. Is the resource useful for undergraduates or graduates? Does it offer a detailed technical argument or an overview? Is it in English or another language, and if another language, is a translation available?

BE INTERNATIONAL. Include international scholarship whenever appropriate for your subject matter.

STRUCTURING YOUR ENTRY

The organization and structure of your entry is important. The OBO project employs a unique format designed and tested for online use. You must follow the structure exactly so that your entry will fit within the OBO library.

Following the title of the entry and your name and affiliation, each entry will include five basic elements: Introduction; Headings; Commentary; Citations; and Annotations. Each of these elements plays a role in helping users to locate the material they need for their research. The aim is to produce an authoritative selection of the most reliable resources with commentary and annotation to help users navigate through your choices.

The diagram below shows each of these elements as they should appear in your entry.

INTRODUCTION

Callimachus of Cyrene was a central figure in the literary and scholarly community that flourished in Alexandria in the 3rd century BCE. His poetry was greatly admired by the best Roman poets who embraced his stylistic principles and by ancient grammarians, metricians and lexicographers who mined his work for examples of rare forms and usage. Of his prodigious body of work only six Hymns and 63 Epigrams have survived intact though parts of his Aitia, Iambi, and Hecale have been recovered from papyrus fragments and quotations in later authors. The rest are known by title, a few fragments, or not at all.

GENERAL TREATMENTS

A concise presentation of Callimachus’s work is in Parsons 1998. More detailed general treatments can be found in the chapters on Callimachus in Gutzwiller 2007, Hutchinson 1988, and Fraser 1972. Ferguson 1980 provides a reliable book-length introduction for the general reader, while Callimachus is often the focus of Hunter and Fantuzzi 2004. Cameron 1995 is rich in scholarly detail though by no means a general introduction to the poet. There is still no systematic book-length account of his entire corpus in English.

Fraser, P. M. 1972. Ptolemaic Alexandria. Oxford: Clarendon Press.

2 Headings: Headings should be brief and should concisely identify general resource types and key areas of scholarship. Begin with general types (bibliographies) and follow with headings representing specific areas of research (historiography). You may also use subheadings and citation headings.

3 Commentary: Each heading should be followed by a paragraph guiding users through the list of citations in that section summarizing why they have been included and how they relate to each other. The purpose of the text is to provide direct recommendations and guidance through your critical selection. This is not just an overview of the topic, it is an overview of the literature and resources.

1 Introduction: Each entry should begin with a concise one-paragraph introduction to the topic to orient the user to the subject of your entry It is there to provide users with a quick synopsis of the topic that will be covered in the entry.

A seminal work that puts Callimachus in the context of his time and place, but better on history and culture than literature. Extensive and learned notes. On Callimachus, pp. 717-793.

Ferguson, John. 1980. Callimachus. Twayne World Author Series 589. Boston: Twayne. Readable survey with a selection of graceful translations in context.

Hutchinson, G. O. 1988. Hellenistic Poetry. Oxford: Clarendon Press. A more strictly literary approach illustrated with some brief quotations and summaries. On Callimachus, pp. 26-84.

Cameron, Alan. 1995. Callimachus and His Critics. Princeton: Princeton University Press. The only scholarly monograph on Callimachus in English. Not always in agreement with the general consensus on many issues.

Parsons, Peter J. 1998. "Callimachus." In The Oxford Companion to Classical Civilization. Edited by Simon Hornblower and Antony Spawforth. Oxford: Oxford University Press. A short scholarly presentation of Callimachus’ life and work in English.

Hunter, Richard, and Marco Fantuzzi. 2004. Tradition and Innovation in Hellenistic Poetry. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.Discussion of major issues in Hellenistic poetry and poetics with sections on Callimachus throughout.

Gutzwiller, Kathryn J. 2007. A Guide to Hellenistic Literature. Oxford: Blackwell. A wide-ranging survey of the field that goes beyond the usual canon of poets. On Callimachus, pp. 60-74 and passim.

ENTRY ELEMENTS IN DETAIL

1. INTRODUCTION. Each entry should begin with a concise one-paragraph introduction to the topic to orient the user to the subject of your entry. It is there to provide users with a quick synopsis of the topic that will be covered in the entry.

Example from OBO guide to Social Work:

CONFLICT RESOLUTIONConflict Resolution may be defined as any process used to manage, determine, or settle differences that may arise between individuals, families, groups, organizations, communities, nations, or any other social unit. Social conflict may arise because of perceived differences in relation to values, needs, goals, interests, rights, positions, or wishes. Many social work roles require the use of conflict management methods, including negotiation, mediation, advocacy, group facilitation, conferencing, healing circles, and evaluation. Although social workers incorporate conflict resolution skills in virtually all contexts of practice, advanced conflict resolution theory, strategies, and skills have only been incorporated into the literature of relatively few contexts of practice, for instance, social advocacy, family and divorce mediation, and contracting with involuntary clients.

The Introductions will be discoverable through standard search engines such as Google. All online users will have free access to this content. Users affiliated with a subscribing institution will be able to enter the full entry this way. Others will only have access to the Introduction.

2. HEADINGS AND ORGANIZATION. Following the Introduction will be a series of headings. Begin with separate sections on relevant general resources. For example, if there are several useful bibliographies covering the topic you might create a Bibliographies section. The bulk of your entry should be devoted to covering the main themes and areas of interest in the study of the topic. You should have separate headings for each of these

4 Citation: Insert your citations following the text. Please include no more than 8 citations per subheading. The point is to be selective, not comprehensive.

5 Annotation: Provide annotations for every citation.

Because the material will be used online people are not likely to read your entry from start to finish. They will enter the entry at different points, scanning it for specific information. Dividing the entry into meaningful headings will help facilitate this movement and structure your entry. Each section should provide a discrete, stand-alone guide to the citations included in it. There are three levels of heading available:

First-level Heading. Most of the headings in your entry will be at this level. All first-level headings must be followed by commentary text. Most first-level commentary will be followed by citations, although if the organization of your entry requires it is acceptable for the commentary to be follow by a second-level head. The first few headings will cover general resources that provide background to the topic as a whole (e.g. Reference Works). Consistency between entries is an important part of usability, and therefore we ask that you select from the following when creating these first few headings. You may use other headings in addition to these:

General OverviewsTextbooksAnthologiesBibliographiesReference Works

For the rest of the entry you may choose whichever headings you want (see sample Table of Contents below). The main focus of your entry should be devoted to the themes and areas of interest in the scholarship on your topic.

Second-level Heading. Use these headings, if necessary, to help organize your entry. Only first and second level headings will form part of the online navigation of the entry. Second-level headings must be followed by commentary text. Examples are included in the sample TOC below.

Third-Level Heading. These headings are to be used sparingly. Keeping to a simple structure will make your entry easy to navigate. Use third-level headings to divide a list of citations if necessary, for example Primary Sources and Translations. Citation headings must be followed by commentary text.

Example of a full Table of Contents from OBO guide to Classics:

HELLENISTIC POETRY (A Level)

IntroductionHistorical and cultural background:

Historical sourcesNarrative histories

Shorter introductions to Hellenistic literatureGeneral guides to Hellenistic literatureBibliographiesAnthologiesCollections of fragmentsPapyriThe Library and Museum at AlexandriaLiterary genres:

Didactic poetryDramaElegyEpicEpigramsHymns

First-level heading

Second-level headingeclevel heading

Pastoral poetry and TheocritusSatiric and moralizing poetry

Literary controversy in AlexandriaPhilosophy and Hellenistic literary criticismTrends in modern interpretation HistoriographyTechnical ProseRoman Reception

3. COMMENTARY. The Commentary is the text that follows each heading in your entry. This is a brief paragraph that provides direct guidance through the selective set of resources cited in that section. Use this paragraph to make it clear why these particular resources have been chosen. Under what circumstances would a certain resource be useful? The more specific you can be the better. This paragraph is not an introduction to an area of research; rather, it is an introduction to the critical selection of sources cited in a given section, which will include the literature central to that sub-field of research.

Example from the Contemporary Skepticism entry in an OBO guide to Philosophy:

Transcendentalism and Naturalism For the most part, the contemporary literature on skepticism has avoided appeal to transcendental arguments, despite the fact that such arguments are common currency in many key historical treatments of this problem. The two main exceptions to this are Davidson 1983 and McDowell 1982; 1995. Davidson offers a broadly transcendental argument for the claim that belief, as he puts it, is “in its nature veridical”; McDowell argues that we cannot even make sense of our thoughts representing the world except on the supposition that thought directly engages with the world, and concludes that the very idea of a ‘veil of perception’ whereby we only experience the world indirectly is dismissed as simply incoherent. Strawson 1985 also falls into this general category, in that he argues on broadly Humean grounds for the incoherence of skepticism. Stern 1999 is an edited collection of contemporary papers on transcendental arguments, while Stern 2000 offers a recent perspective on this topic.

Example from the Hellenistic Poetry entry in OBO Classics:

Didactic Poetry Didactic poetry, which casts scientific, technological or philosophical information in metrical form, had a great flowering in the 3rd century BC. See Toohey 1996 for an introductory survey of the whole genre beginning with its roots in the 8th century. In the Hellenistic period the most important didactic poet was Aratus of Soli whose Phaenomena, describing constellations and weather-signs in elegant Greek hexameters, was much admired by his contemporaries and later at Rome. For a concise introduction to Aratus see Toomer 2000. The Greek text with an English translation is in Kidd 1997 and with a French translation, in Martin 1998. The Loeb edition, Mair 1921, is still useful for students. The most detailed analysis of the transmission of the text can be found in Martin 1956. For a literary appreciation, see Fakas 2001 and for an analysis of its Stoic worldview, Hunter 1995. Another important didactic poet of the period is Nicander of Colophon whose poetic treatises, the Theriaca (Harmful Animals) and Alexipharmaca (Antidotes for Poisons) should be consulted in Gow and Scholfield 1953.

Internal Cross References. Your commentary may refer to other sections in the entry. For instance, you may mention that a reader consult another section for more relevant sources. Internal references should be to first- and second-level headings. If you mention another section, put the heading title in asterisks, which will signal to our production team that an internal link should be created. However, do not use directional terms, such as “above,” “below,” or “previous,” in your commentary or in your annotations. We expect users to dip in and out of entries rather than read them top to bottom, which would make directional terms confusing.

How to Refer to Citations. The Commentary should only refer to citations in its own section. Do not mention works that are cited in other sections. If a work is relevant to more than one sub-field, and fits under more than one heading, list it in both places. Remember that users will not be

reading your entry start to finish, and so some repetition is okay.

When referring to works in the list that follows include the author’s last name and the date of publication. You do not need to include the title of the work.

4. CITATIONS. The citations are the purpose of the entry. The other elements are simply there to aid users through your critical selection. You will need to be highly selective. Your entry will serve as a springboard for further research. You do not need to include every worthy resource because you are providing the tools necessary for users to find more information elsewhere. Each section should have no more than 8 citations. The following list may help you think about what to include:

• The most influential works• Standard translations• Articles as well as full-length books• Online editions and collections of texts• Non-textual resources such as image and map collections• Online audio or video resources• Resources outside the traditional venues for scholarly communication

If a work is relevant in more than one section you should repeat the citation so that each section is its own, self-contained guide. Do not use a 3-em dash for repeated author names. Spell out journal and other publication titles in each citation.

Date of Publication. Include only one edition in the citation; note other editions in the Annotation.

Works in English and Works in Other Languages. Do not hesitate to include works in other languages if they are essential to an understanding of your topic. We expect there to be non-English language sources in many of the entries. Do not be dissuaded from including a source if no English language translation exists. However, you may want to mention this fact in the annotation for that citation. If an English translation exists, cite the English version, but give the title and publication date for the original version in the annotation.

Journals. When citing a whole journal, give the journal title in the citation and information about it in the annotation. For example:

Alcoholism Treatment Quarterly [http://www.haworthpressinc.com/store/product.asp?sku=J020] An exciting professional journal for clinicians working with persons who are alcoholic and their families. Features articles that are readable and evidence-based, while highlighting new and innovative approaches. Full articles available online.

Online Sources. Be sure to include online sources. Students especially will need your authoritative guidance to know which web resources can be trusted. Include the web address in brackets after the name of the website.

If print and online versions exist, mention the print version in your citation and note the online version in the annotation.

Citation

Annotation

URL in brackets

Citing Your Own Scholarship. You have been asked to write this entry because of your knowledge and experience on the topic, and it is likely that some of your own scholarship will need to be represented in your bibliographic overview. This is perfectly acceptable, although we ask that you use discretion in your choices. As a rule, you may try to limit self-references to approximately three; more than this may raise suspicion of bias, and so we would need to proceed with caution.

5. ANNOTATIONS. Every citation should be annotated. Annotations should be concise and specific. Limit yourself to approximately 50 words. Sentence fragments are acceptable. Annotations may pick up on information already explained in the commentary text. They should fulfill some of the following criteria:

Summarize the contents of the work when not obvious from the title. Indicate why a resource is important or useful. Provide guidance about how a work is best used (i.e. Best introduction for

undergraduates, Useful overview). Indicate if the material has been published elsewhere. Indicate if there are special problems with availability. Note the critical or interpretive stance of the work if it is significant and alert the reader

to alternative interpretations in other works, as appropriate. Indicate the language the sources are written in, as necessary.

Annotations should be descriptive and avoid terse criticisms or praise. If something is a “great” resource, indicate why. Comments such as “A major work” are of little value (all works in your entry are assumed to be of significance) in comparison to more substantial remarks. It may be useful to note the critical or interpretive stance of the work if it is significant. Note that OBO is designed so that users will be able to export annotations along with the any citations they export.

Examples:

A seminal work that puts Callimachus in the context of his time and place, but better on history and culture than literature. Extensive and learned notes. On Callimachus, pp. 717-793.

Superb, pioneering historical geography of English and British America that did much to introduce the concept of the Atlantic world into historical discourse. Offers a different regional perspective to that later devised by Hornsby.

This in-depth discussion explores a wide range of confidentiality and privileged communication issues in social work. The author reviews relevant concepts and legal principles, and offers practical guidelines for social workers in a wide variety of practice settings.

English translation of Enfant et la vie familiale sous l'Ancien Régime (Paris: Plon, 1960). Groundbreaking study of attitudes towards children displayed in visual representations and literary texts pertinent mainly to France and England, finding that the close-knit, modern family and its sentimental concept of childhood develops only in the 17th and 18th centuries.

Impressive for the sheer number of images assembled of Caesarean surgery, performed during the period studied mainly by midwives in an attempt to save the living infant of a dead or dying mother.

CHECKLIST. For your convenience, we have provided a checklist at the end of this document, which you can use to confirm that you have included all of the necessary elements and desired range of resources.

CITATION STYLES

H, humanities style; S, scientific style.

Books

H Gesangbuch der Evangelisch-reformierten Kirchen der deutschspachigen Schweiz (Hymnal of the Evangelical Reformed Churches of German-speaking Switzerland). Basel, Switzerland: Friedrich Reinhardt Verlag; Zurich, Switzerland: Theologischer Verlag, 1998.

Newitt, Malyn. Portugal in Africa: The Last Hundred Years. London: C. Hurst, 1981.

Frankel, Ellen, Ted D. Miller, Jr., and Jeffrey Paul. Economic Rights. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

S Gesangbuch der Evangelisch-reformierten Kirchen der deutschspachigen Schweiz (Hymnal of the Evangelical Reformed Churches of German-speaking Switzerland). 1998. Basel, Switzerland: Friedrich Reinhardt Verlag; Zurich, Switzerland: Theologischer Verlag.

Newitt, Malyn. 1981. Portugal in Africa: The last hundred years. London: C. Hurst.

Frankel, Ellen, Ted D. Miller, Jr., and Jeffrey Paul. 1992. Economic rights. Cambridge: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Classical texts

Ammianus Marcellinus. The Later Roman Empire (A.D. 354–378). Translated by W. Hamilton; introduction and notes by A. Wallace-Hadrill. Harmondsworth, Middlesex: Penguin Books, 1986. A comprehensive and coherent selection of passages, the cuts falling mainly on the digressions and the reigns of Valentinian I and Valens (books 26–31).

Horace (Quintus Horatius Flaccus). Horatius, Opera. 3rd ed. Edited by D. R. Shackleton Bailey. Stuttgart, Germany: Teubner, 1995.

Editor/Compiler/Translator Instead of Author

H Gagarin, Michael, and David Cohen, eds. The Cambridge Companion to Ancient Greek Law. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 2005.

S Gagarin, Michael, and David Cohen, eds. 2005. The Cambridge companion to ancient Greek law. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Multivolume work

Gay, Peter. The Enlightenment: An Interpretation. 2 vols. New York: Norton, 1966–1969. One of the best-known replies to Carl Becker’s The Heavenly City of the Eighteenth-Century Philosophers, especially volume 1, The Rise of Modern Paganism.

Taft, Robert F. A History of the Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom. Vol. 2, The Great Entrance: A History of the Transfer of Gifts and Other Preanaphoral Rites of the Liturgy of St. John Chrysostom, 2nd ed. Orientalia Christiana Analecta 200. Rome: Pontificium Institutum Studiorum Orientalium, 1978.

Articles or chapters in a book/Foreword or annotation

H Allsen, Thomas T. “The Rise of the Mongolian Empire and Mongolian Rule in North China.” In The Cambridge History of China, vol. 6. Edited by Herbert Franke and Denis Twitchett, 321–413. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge University Press, 1995.

S Allsen, Thomas T. 1995. “The rise of the Mongolian empire and Mongolian rule in north China.” In The Cambridge history of China, vol. 6. Edited by Herbert Franke and Denis Twitchett, 321–413. Cambridge, UK: Cambridge Univ. Press.

Conference paper/Festschrift chapter

Anagnine, E. “Nouvelles précisions sur Flavius Mitthridates maître de Pico de la Mirandole et traducteur de commentaires de kabbale.” In L’opera e il pensiero di Giovanni Pico della Mirandola nella storia dell’umanesimo, proceedings of an international conference, Mirandola, Italy, 15–18 September 1963, vol. 2, pp. 169–187. Florence, 1965.

Foreign-language with translation of title

Manna, Haytham. L'integrité physique et mentale: Violences et torture dans le monde arabe (Physical and Mental Integrity: Violence and Torture in the Arab World). St.-Étienne, France: A.A.M., 1998.

Original and published translation

Cassirer, Ernst. The Philosophy of the Enlightenment. Translated by Fritz C. A. Koelln and James P. Pettegrove. Princeton, NJ: Princeton University Press, 1951. English translation of Die Philosophie der Aufklärung, first published in 1932. One of the best general studies of Enlightenment thought.

Government and international agency documents

United Nations. General Assembly. Indivisibility and Interdependence of Economic, Social, Cultural, Civil and Political Rights. G.A. Res. 44/130, U.N. GAOR 3rd Comm., 44th Sess., Annex, Agenda Item 98, at 2, U.N. Doc. A/RES/44/130 (1990).

International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. http://www.fao.org/Legal/treaties/033t-e.htm (accessed 11 January 2008). This treaty makes plant genetic resources more available and places limits on intellectual property rights on material obtained from shared resources.

Legal Citations

Smyth v. Ames. 169 U.S. 466 (1898).

Commonwealth v. Tasmania. 158 C.L.R. 1 (1983).

U.S. Const. amend. XXVI, § 1.

BGB (Germany). § 823 II.

Organization/Business as Author

PEN International. Anti-terrorism, Writers, and Freedom of Expression: A PEN Report. London: PEN, 2003.

Journal articles

H Tomaselli, Sylvana. “The Enlightenment Debate on Women.” History Workshop 20 (1985): 101–125. [doi:10.1093/hwj/20.1.101]

S Tomaselli, Sylvana. 1985. The enlightenment debate on women. History Workshop 20:101–125. [doi:10.1093/hwj/20.1.101]

H Adler, Michael. “The Emperor Julian and the Jews.” Jewish Quarterly Review, o.s. 5.4 (July 1893): 591–651. Classic overall treatment from a scholar at the top of his game.

S Adler, M. 1893. The emperor Julian and the Jews. Jewish Quarterly Review, o.s. 5.4 (July): 591–651.Classic overall treatment from a scholar at the top of his game.

Ph.D. dissertations/unpublished works

Werdenberg, Marie-Thérèse von. “After Salome: Prenuptial Agreements in Eighteenth-century Vienna.” Ph.D. diss., University of Lerchenau, 2003.

Dinkel, Joseph. Description of Louis Agassiz written at the request of Elizabeth Cary Agassiz. Agassiz Papers, Houghton Library, Harvard University.

Online resources

Oxford African American Studies Center. [http://www.oxfordaasc.com/]

Timeline of Art History. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. [http://www.metmuseum.org/toah]

"South Asia–North, 500–1000 A.D." In Timeline of Art History. The Metropolitan Museum of Art. [http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ht/06/ssn/ht06ssn.htm]

MindPapers: A Bibliography of the Philosophy of Mind and the Science of Consciousness. Edited by David Chalmers and David Bourget. [http://consc.net/mindpapers/]

Illustrations and maps

Seven of nine black students walk onto the campus of Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas. Associated Press, 1957. Photograph.

Legal Portrait Project Online: An Exhibit of Legal Portraiture at the Harvard Law School Library. Harvard Law School Library. [http://www.law.harvard.edu/library/collections/special/exhibitions/portrait_exhibit/index.php]

Kosovo. Central Intelligence Agency, 2008. [https://www.cia.gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/kv.html] Map.

SOME NOTES ON STYLE

In matters of style, Oxford follows The Chicago Manual of Style, 15th edition (2003), chapters 16 and 17, with some variations.

SPELLING. We follow American style for spelling and punctuation.

ABBREVIATIONS. Avoid using abbreviations in introductory text and annotations. Use abbreviations sparingly in parenthetical material. Use standard abbreviations (such as ed., vol., no., n.s., o.s., and pp.) in bibliography

citations. If you use abbreviations specific to your field, provide a list of what those abbreviations

stand for.

FOREIGN WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS. Translate all words and expressions in foreign languages, except titles of works listed in

the citations. The translation, in parentheses and without quotation marks, should immediately follow the foreign-language material.

Italicize single words or short phrases. Put longer phrases in roman—not italic—in quotation marks. Names of institutions, buildings, and geographical locations should be in roman. Make sure that accent and diacritical marks are clear and distinct; if there is any

possibility of ambiguity transliterate words and expressions not in the Latin alphabet. Many letters and special characters are available in Word in Insert/Symbol. For other symbols, use Arial Unicode.

NAMES. In text and annotations, use the common form of names that will be most familiar to English-speaking readers. For example:

Robert Cecil, not earl of Salisbury or Viscount CranborneCardinal Richelieu, not Armand-Jean Du Plessis

Particles can be a problem not only for the alphabetization of entry terms and index entries but also for the form of a surname used alone in text. We propose the following distinctions, but we recognize that the forms of names may not be settled. We welcome your advice.

Part of the name and capitalized:

Flemish and Dutch De, Den, Ten, Ter, Van, VerFrench L’, La, Le, Les, Des, DuItalian and Spanish Della, La, Las, Lo, Los

Not part of the name and not capitalized:

Flemish and Dutch het, s, t’, vanFrench d’, deGerman am, an, im, in, von , zu, zum, zur Italian da, dal, de, de’, degli, dei, diPortuguese da, das, de, do, dos, as, os

Spanish da, das, de, do, dos

ACCENTS AND DIACRITICS. If your word processing program does not support certain accents and diacritics (e.g., ayn, hamza, or underdot), indicate them with angle brackets. For example:

<ayn>ilm al-<h underdot>ad<i macron>th

If the diacritics are especially complex, include a pdf with your entry.

ITALICS. Use italic font, not underlining, for italic letters or words. Do not use italics for emphasis or irony; reserve italics for foreign expressions and book

titles.

GENDER-SPECIFIC LANGUAGE. Avoid words such as “man” and “mankind” and masculine pronouns for everyone. Use gender-neutral language as much as possible.

DATES. Use the following forms:

24 February 1625February 16251620s1624–1626 (insert en dash in ranges)

from 1624 to 1626, during the period 1624–1626 (not: from 1624–1626)24 February 1625/6 (only when appropriate)24 February 1625 O.S.

SUBMITTING YOUR ENTRY

SUBMITTING YOUR MANUSCRIPT. Before submitting your entry be sure to use the Checklist at the end of this document. Save your manuscript in a Word-compatible format.

Submit your manuscript as an e-mail attachment directly to the editor of the project at Oxford University Press, not to the editor of your entry.

Please try to meet the deadline specified for submission of your manuscript.

REVIEW OF YOUR ENTRY. Each entry is under the supervision of one or more members of the editorial board and by an outside scholar. Upon receipt of your manuscript, the appropriate editors will determine the suitability of your entry in light of the scope, description and the overall plan of OBO. You may be asked to revise your entry to address issues of substance.

COPYEDITING. Upon approval of your entry by the editors, your manuscript will be sent to the copyeditor. The text of your entry will be edited for consistency in style and grammar; the bibliography citations will be styled, and the elements of your entry will be coded for posting on line.

YOUR FINAL REVIEW. Oxford will send your copyedited manuscript to you for your review, emendation, and final approval. You will be asked to reply to any editorial queries, to make any substantive changes and corrections you deem necessary, and to return the copyedited manuscript to us promptly.

PAYMENT OF YOUR HONORARIUM. The check for your honorarium will be ordered after your manuscript is approved by the editors. The check will come from Oxford’s accounts payable department in Cary, North Carolina.

CHECKLIST

When writing your entry, please refer to this list and make sure you have addressed all the points below. The list summarizes a number of points from the Contributor Guidelines.

AUTHOR INFORMATION   Have you included your name and affiliation as you would like them to appear?   Have you included the URL to your online faculty listing?

ORGANIZATION AND OUTLINE OF ENTRIES   Does your entry include a section covering general resources that address the broad topic

(you might want to include sections on, for instance, bibliographies, reference works, etc.)?   Does your entry include several sections on major issues or sub-areas within the topic?   Have you drawn attention to points of controversy within the topic? Is each section head followed by a short narrative of commentary text? Does your commentary text provide guidance to the specific resources cited below it? Have you suggested cross-references to other entries?      TYPES OF RESEARCH TOOLS TO INCLUDE   Have you included journal articles among your citations?   Have you included any multimedia resources such as films, or online audio or video clips?   Have you included web resources such as online primary source databases, online

bibliographies, or scholarly blogs?

ANNOTATIONS TO CITATIONS   Have you included more than 8 citations in any single section? If so you will need to be more

selective or break that section into subcategories.   Have you included annotations with your citations? It’s okay if these repeat some of the

information from the commentary text.