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Overview of The Immune System:

Chapter 1

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Outline for Lectures 2 & 3

The immune system is designed to eliminate pathogens.

Who are the infectious agents?Overview of the two arms of the immune system: innate immunity & adaptive immunity.

What are the cell types involved with immune responses?What are the important immunological tissues?

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What barriers are present in the human body to prevent entry/infection by pathogens?

Parham, p. 3How do pathogens enter into the human body?

4

Would the immune

response towards each

type of pathogen be identical?

Parham, p. 4

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Innate Immunity Adaptive Immunity(acquired)

Humoral immunity & Cell Mediated Immunity

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Comparison of Innate Immunity to Adaptive Immunity

Parham, P. 9

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The relationship

between innate & adaptive Immune

responses:

p. 228

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The innate immune response is essentialfor elimination of a pathogen but notsufficient.

The adaptive immune response requires certain key players of the innate immune response to become activated.

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The components of the immune system

Overview of Cell Types important in immunology

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Where do the cells of the immune system come from?

Leukocytes-Hematopoiesis:

Hematopoietic stem cells from the bone marrow

UndifferentiatedPluripotentSelf-renewing

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Progenitors:-Not self-renewing-Committed to differentiation

Granulocyte/macrophageprogenitor

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What stimulates the differentiation of stem cells & progenitor cells?

Hematopoietic Inducing Microenvironment:

Requires bone marrow stromal cells & growth factors (cytokines).

Kuby, Immunology, fig. 2-2

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The leukocytes (WBC)

Kuby Immunology

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The Cells Important in Immunology

A Closer Look

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Lymphocytes:

B lymphocytes (B cells)T lymphocytes (T cells)Important for the adaptive immune response.

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B cells:

Surface receptor = Immunoglobulin (Ig).

Humoral Immunity.

kuby

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T cells:Helper T cells (Th cells):

T cell Receptor (TCR)CD4+Produce cytokines & direct immune responses.

Cytotoxic T cells (Tc or CTL):

TCR+CD8+Cytotoxic