Overview of the African Network for Drugs and Diagnostics

Innovation (ANDI)

Dr Sanaa Botros Theodor Bilharz Research Institute, Cairo Egypt

on behalf of the ANDI Task Force

Dr Solomon Nwaka WHO-TDR

and

1

Major recommendations and strategies

Note: Not drawn to scale

SOURCE: Institutional reports, institutional web pages, Mboya-Okeyo, Ridley & Nwaka (Lancet, 2009)

2001Macro-

economics

and Health

report

Declaration of

the Decade of

African

Traditional

Medicine

2005UN Millennium

Project

G8 Gleneagles

2008Global Strategy

and Plan of

Action (GSPA)

Bamako call for

action

2009WHA62

G8 L'Aquila

Implementation

of ANDI

20081st ANDI

stakeholder

meeting

(Abuja,

Nigeria)

2009WHA62 support

1st & 2nd ANDI

Task force meetings

2nd ANDI

stakeholder meeting

Key recommen-dations for local ownership

Key ANDI events

Algiers declaration

2

Strategic business plan adopted

http://apps.who.int/tdr/research/lead-discovery-drugs/pdf/sbp-final_web.pdf

3

Unmet health needs in Africa despite ongoing efforts

SOURCE: UN

1 Logarithm in base 10 of current international dollars; Purchasing power parity (PPP)-adjusted figures

GDP/capita (log of int. USD1)

35,00010,0003,5001,000

2006

▪ With 15% of global population, Africa

accounts for 25% of global disease

burden in DALYs

▪ 1/3 of Africans below poverty line

▪ Several highly prevalent

diseases currently unaddressed by

drugs or diagnostics

Life expectancy (years)

AsiaOceaniaAmericasAfricaEurope

80

70

60

50

40

4

To understand the African R&D landscape, a multitude of

stakeholders and sources tapped

SOURCE: Country visits, interviews

Note: sources consulted included databases, institutional web pages and reports (foundations, PPPs, pharma companies)

5▪ South Africa

▪ Nigeria

▪ Egypt

▪ Kenya

▪ Burkina Faso

Country

visits

50▪ Group interviews

▪ 1-on-1 interviews

▪ Phone interviews

Interviews

outside of

Africa

66▪ > 30,000 papers analyzed

▪ > 1,500 clinical trials analyzed

▪ > 160 African patents analyzed

▪ > 120 pharmaceutical companies surveyed

Data

sources

176▪ 1-on-1 interviews

▪ Focus groups

▪ Plenary sessions

Interviews

in Africa

5

Series of challenges in the African R&D landscape emerged

Research gap

▪ Little or no clinical trials for several African diseases (e.g. HAT,

Lymph Filariasis)

▪ Reduced research output for these diseases

Little intra African collaboration

▪ Less than 5% of published articles involve more than one

African countries

Significant investment gap

▪ Africa invests less than 50% of world medium on R&D

▪ Gap on drug/diagnostic innovation estimated at USD 1.0 - 2.4

billion/year

1

2

3

6

…HIV/AIDS research…

Institut Pasteur

WHO

Univ Washington Univ Amsterdam

Johns Hopkins Univ

Univ Witwatersrand

CDC

Univ Alabama

Univ North Carolina

UCSF

London Sch Hyg & Trop Med

Makerere Univ

Univ Nairobi

Univ London

Columbia Univ

Harvard Univ

Univ KwaZulu

Univ Oxford

Univ Zimbabwe

UCL

Muhimbili Univ

Natl Inst Communicable Dis

Univ Cape Town

SOURCE: Thomson Web of Science, UCINET

Size equivalent to no.

of article with lead author

7

111527

79

128

World

Median

25

E. Eu S. Amer

SE Asia AfricaSingaH. Kong

Korea

372

N. AmerW. Eu

Japan

588

OtherAsia2

SOURCE: UNDP, World Bank

2.0 1.3 0.8 0.5 0.3

GDP

share

(Percent)

1 Countries mean of 2002 data in international dollars at purchasing power parity (PPP)

2 Middle East and East Asia; excludes China (49.8 USD; 1% of GDP)

1.7 0.5

R&D spending per capita

USD PPP1, p.a.

▪ Total gap of USD

14.3 billion p.a.

▪ Of which up to USD

2.4 billion for drugs/

diagnostics inno-

vation

Significant R&D investment gap, with Africa investing less than 50% of the world median

8

Libya

Tunisia

Algeria

Morocco

Mauritania

Egypt

Eritrea

Sudan

Nigeria

Senegal

Cameroon

EthiopiaSomalia

DjiboutiGambia

Ivory

Coast

Uganda

Gabon

Kenya

Burkina

GhanaEquatorial

Guinea

Congo

Rwanda

Tanzania

Zambia

Burundi

Madagascar

Botswana

Zimbabwe

South Africa

Swaziland

SOURCE: Thomson Web of Science

▪ Cities with 30 or

more articles

published in the

2004 - 08 period

▪ Total of 90 cities in

27 countries

▪ 16,647 biomedical

articles led by

African authors

included in

analysis

Cape Verde

Seychelles

Tunis

Johannesburg

Pretoria

Sfax

Durban

Rabat

Ibadan

Algiers

Benin

Yaounde

Abidjan

Alexandria

Addis

Ababa

Accra

Nairobi

Dar es salaam

Lagos

Casablanca

Dakar

Kampala

Marrakech

Khartoum

Angola

Namibia

Niger ChadMali

Monastir

Sousse

Cairo

Tanta

Assiat

Enuga

Bloemfonteem

Potchefstroom

Zaria

Part Harcourt

Morogoro

Cape Town

Pietermaritzburg

250–499

>=1,000

500–999

<100

100–249

No of articles

Note: Only top 40 cities by research output labeled

Mapping of African research output reveals that several "hot

spots" or “competency centers” exist today

9

US

UruguaySouth Africa

Madagascar

Kenya

Benin

Guinea

Morocco

Egypt

Tunisia

UK

France

Belgium Netherlands

Japan

Canada

SOURCE: Delphion, VantagePoint, UCINET

1 -2

3 - 4

5 - 8

9 - 11

> 11

Patent #

Total: 164

Note: Patents published in the period 2004-2009 by WIPO or the US and European patent offices with at least one assignee from Africa

(under under International Patent Codes A61K or A61P)

In addition, some African centers show patent activity in

the biomedical areas

10

ANDI’s Mission and Vision seeks to overcome challenges

"To promote and sustain African-led health product

innovation to address African public health needs through

assembly of research networks, and building of capacity

to support human and economic development"

Mission Statement

"Creating a sustainable platform for R&D innovation in

Africa to address Africa’s own health needs"

Vision

11

The proposed business model of ANDI

SOURCE: Abuja meeting, Country visits, interviews, Task Force meetings

1 TM, Traditional Medicine

Function

Infrastructure improved

Competence/excellence centers developed

R&D capability built

Scope

Example: Drug for

TB/Malaria

Example: Schisto

diagnostic

Example: TM1 project

Core R&D

activities

▪ Project/portfolio management

▪ Funding

▪ IP management

Brokerage▪ Advocacy

▪ Public/private partnerships

Network

support

▪ Research equipment

▪ Research facilities

▪ Knowledge/IT management

Project 1 Project 2 Project 3

12

ANDI is unique, compared to other initiatives

▪ African-led – Projects driven by local investigators

▪ African-oriented – with agenda aligned with local priorities

▪ Sustainability – Focus on:

– Creating a backbone for product innovation, adapted to evolving health needs

– Moving products along the R&D value chain

▪ African & external interface – Partner for other organizations operating in Africa, in line with the GSPA

BUSINESS MODEL

13

ChairAfrican

researchers

Diaspora

UN-based

organizations

NGO

Private sector

OECD

African

regions

AfDB

Vice-Chair

North

hub

Central

hub

South

hub

East hubWest

hub

ANDI Office

Advocacy

IP/technology transfer

R&D coordination

STAC

African Innovation

Fund

Board

Executive committee (EC)

Finance

Committee (FC)

Organization and governance structure - Board and Secretariat

▪ Reflection of ANDI's stakeholders and needs

Observers

ED

STAC Chair

▪ Long-term strategy setting

▪ Determining scientific focus

▪ Oversight of Executive Director (ED)

▪ Oversight (via EC) of ANDI's office

▪ Oversight (via FC) of budget and accounta-

bility/sustainability of African Innovation Fund

Key facts

Overview

~ 70% are

African members

Board

14

ANDI's Approach to IP

• Need for IP management identified in R&D landscape mapping activity

• WIPO working with ANDI task force to develop IP strategy (cf SBP)

▪ Possible areas of support identified:– Assistance on IP management for projects incl

preparation of MTA, CDA and collaborative agreements

– Training on IP management (workshops, etc)– Regular mapping of R&D landscape in Africa – Design of a network IP policy

15

Annual budget ~USD 31 M by 2015 for 15 network projects

31.4

11.4

2.10.3

24.4

0.40

7.07.06.56.51.70.3

0

5

10

15

20

25

30

35

65

20.91

27.91

4

15.5

22.0

3

12.01

18.51

2

3.4

8.0

10 Year

ANDI projects(Number)

Total cost(USD million)

1 Including one-off costs

Local contribution(USD million)

ANDI running costs

ANDI project costs

Total ANDI cost

Project funding(Percent of total)

- 21 70 65 71 75 78

- - 1.0 1.2 1.5 1.9 2.4

- - 5 7 9 12 15

16

Implementation of ANDI –interim & definitive hosting plan

Status

Key steps

Legal status

2009 2010 2011 2012

Provisional management by WHO/TDR At African hosts

Location

selectionStaffing Full operation in Africa

Project

at TDR

Legal entity

at AfDB

In

addition…

▪ Board appointed▪ Legal agreements▪ Start ED selection▪ Project selection

and preparation

▪ Ad-interimteam

▪ Start Board formation

▪ Prepare 1st

project calls

▪ ED appointed▪ Full team

appointed

▪ Project portfolio fully up and running

▪ Support platforms up and running

Board

formation