overview of research with neotropical araceae...south america 541 138 943 530 387 131 137 849...
TRANSCRIPT
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Overview of Research with Neotropical Araceae
Thomas B. Croat
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Map of Western Hemisphere
• Mexico has high endemism and two unique sections of Anthurium
• Middle America is low in endemism and species diversity
• Costa Rica and Panama richest in species diversity with high endemism
• Richest areas of species diversity is in Andes, especially NW South America
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Mexico has high endemism and two unique sections of Anthurium
Middle America is low in endemism and species diversity
Costa Rica and Panama richest in species diversity with high endemism
Richest areas of species diversity is in Andes, especially NW South America
Neotropics are home to 44 genera and nearly 4000 sp ecies.
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PhytogeographyGuiana Highlands
Mata Atlantica
Pluvial Forest
Coastal Desert
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Pluvial forest
Tropical wet forest
Tropical moist forest
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South America
541
138
943
530
387
131
137849
Species of Araceae by Country
165 taxa for all the Guianas
South America has 44 genera and 1433 published species
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Orinoco
Eastern Cordillera Guianas
Coastal Range
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H. C. Schott Adolf Engler Kurt KrauseN.E. Brown
Paul StandleyKarl KochLuis Sodiro
Luis Sodiro
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Simon Mayo Josef Bogner
Eizi Matuda,
Eizi Matuda Tom Croat
Mike Madison
Mike GrayumG. Bunting
George Bunting
Eduardo Gomez Gonçalvaes
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Current Researchers with Araceae in Neotropics
• Principal Researchers still active in research with Neotropical Araceae
▪ Andrade ▪ Gonçalves ▪ Mora▪ Bogner ▪ Grayum ▪ Nadruz▪ Croat ▪ Hetterscheid ▪ Sakuragui▪ Cardona ▪ Mayo ▪ Soares
▪ Zuluaga
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Dorothy Bay Cássia Mónica Sakuragui
Dan Nicolson
Felipe A. Cardona Naranjo
Marcus NadruzLourdes Soares
Guanghua Zhu
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Tom Ray Jim French Richard Keating
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Gladys Benavides
Miguel Pérez-Farrera
Julius Boos
John Rawlins
Mark Moffler
Guanghua Zhu
Jeff Lake
Vic Soukup
Jake Henny
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Aroid Researchers Per Country
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
USA- working in Central America 2
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Map of South America with number of aroid researchers per country
1, inactive
6
0
2, inactive
8
0
Guianas 1, avid and knowledgeable horticulturist
1, inactive
1-Bunting now retired; Native M. Carlsen is active
3 Europeans working in neotropics2 USA working in
neotropics
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Brazilian Aroid Researchers
• Gonçalves - Spathicarpeae; Xanthosoma; Dieffenbachia• Ivanilza Andrade - Co-organizer of this symposium; works with
Monstera; floristics of NE Brazil.• Marcus Nadruz - Anthurium sect. Urospadix; floristics• Lourdes Soares - Revision of Heteropsis. • Livia Temponi - Anthurium sect. Urospadix molecular studies;
floristics• Alba Lins -• Add some the lesser known individuals-See the 62nd Brazilian Aroid
Conference roster. Mention André Cardosa and Joao Batiste Silva.
Chromosome person, etc. Student working on Monstera?
Brazil, owing to its large size and more developed status, has the largest component of researchers.
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Brazilian Aroid Researchers
Lourdes Soares
Livia Temponi Marcus Nadruz
Ivanilza AndradeEduardo Gomez Gonçalvaes André Cardoza
Joao Batiste Silva
Cássia Mónica Sakuragui
Livia Temponi
Ilvanilza Andrade
Alba Lins
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Colombian Aroid Researchers
• Felipe Cardona - Spathiphyllum• Alejandro Zuluaga - Monstera• Natalia Cardona - Spathiphyllum• Marta Galeano - Dieffenbachia• Jorge Jácome - Floristic studies• German Oyuela - Araceae of Tolima
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Colombian Aroid Researchers
Alejandro Zuluaga
German Oyuela
Jorge Jácoma
Marta Galeano Natalie Cardosa
Felipe Cardona
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Full List of Araceae Genera
(Tom to change slide title)
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Subset of Araceae Genera
(Tom to change slide title.
Spreadsheet from which this list was made is in folder that contains the slide presentation.)
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Genera Subset Slide 3
(Tom to add genera and change slide title)
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Anthurium
905 species published, at least 1500 species expected
Lucid Key by Anna Haight et al.
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Researchers with Anthurium
• Madison - Palmately lobed Anthurium• Croat - Anthurium of Central America
– Anthurium sect. Pachyneurium – Lucid key to Anthurium– Ongoing revisions of 6 different sections
• Carlsen - Anthurium sect. Semaeophyllium– Phylogeny of sectional classification
• Nadruz - Anthurium sect. Urospadix
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-more than 700 species, many undescribed
Philodendron
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Research with Philodendron
• Bunting - principle role in discovering and describing Philodendron
• Mayo - subgen. Meconostigma; developed CATE and Lucid
• Croat - subgen. Philodendron for Central America; further development of Lucid key
• Grayum - subgen. Pteromischum of C. Amer., W. Indies & W. South Amer.
• Marcela Mora wrote Lucid key for Philodendron
• Cassia Sakuragui revised Philodendron sect. Macrobelium for Brazil
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MONSTERA
Revised by Madison in 1977 but needs more work; 38 species known; 60 expected
SPATHIPHYLLUM
Revised by Bunting in 1960 but needs more work; 49 species published-63 expected
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Medium sized genera that have been revised
Add picture of plant from Suriname, Bare van der Djin?
DRACONTIUM
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Genera at least partially revised in recent times
Adelonema - 13 species; all now described but full revision not published.
Chlorospatha - 73 species; revision in press
Rhodospatha - 79 species; partly revised
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Xanthosoma - 78 species; 90 estimated
Genera in greatest need of workDieffenbachia - 57 species; estimated 140; C. Amer. Revised; key to S. Am. species
Stenospermation- 50 species; estimated 250