Overview of Body Systems

Body Systems

• Body systems are organ systems within the body that work together to help the organism grow, develop, and maintain homeostasis.

• They include:– Integumentary system– Digestive system– Nervous system– Reproductive system– Muscular system– Skeletal system– Renal system– Respiratory System– Circulatory system

Integumentary system

• Protects the body against damage and water loss, regulates body temperature, removes wastes, senses things

• Contains:– Skin – largest organ in the body

– Hair or fur

– Scales

– Feathers

– Nails

– Hooves

Digestive System• Breaks down food for use by

the body• Contains

– mouth– Esophagus– Stomach– Spleen– Liver– Pancreas– Small intestine– Large intestine– Rectum

• Food particles are absorbed into the blood and travel throughout the body.

• Removes waste

Nervous system

• Coordinates all movement and sensory information for the entire body

• Controls, interprets, and reacts

• Contains:

– Brain

– Spinal cord

– All other nerves

Reproductive System

• Contains sex organs and glands that influence gender, reproduction, maturity, and all changes that happen in the body during adolescence.

• Female – ovaries, fallopian tubes, uterus, vagina

• Male – testes, penis, urethra, prostate

Muscular system

• Responsible for all movement of the body

• Controlled by the nervous system

• Contains all muscles within the body, including:– Skeletal muscles

– Heart (cardiac muscles)

– Smooth muscles (in digestive and other systems)

Skeletal system

• Provides structure and protection for the body

• 206 bones in a human adult

• Contains all bones in the body

Renal system

• Removes waste from the body

• Regulates blood volume, blood pressure, controls electrolyte levels, regulates blood pH

• Contains:– Kidneys– Ureters– Bladder– urethra

Respiratory system

• Regulates the intake and exchange of Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide

• Contains:

– Lungs

– Trachea

– Diaphragm

– Mouth and nose

Circulatory system

• Circulates blood throughout the body

• Transports nutrients to every part of the body

• Contains:– Heart

– Veins

– Arteries

– capillaries