overview of belief systems
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
~~~OVERVIEW OF
BELIEF SYSTEMS~~~
AP WORLD HISTORYOriginal Power point from Windward H.S. with additions
by L. Keeney September 2007
![Page 2: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
• Polytheism
POLYTHEISM
![Page 3: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
POLYTHEISM• Belief in, or worship of, multiple deities or gods.• Gods are conceived as complex personages of
greater or lesser status, with individual skills, needs, desires and stories.
• The gods are not always omnipotent or omniscient; rather, they are often portrayed as similar to humans in their personality traits, but with additional individual powers, abilities, knowledge or perceptions.
• Sumerian gods, the Egyptian gods, the Ancient Greek religion, Norse Æsir and Vanir, the Yoruba Orisha, the Aztec gods, and many others.
![Page 4: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
HINDUISMThe sound OM, or
AUM, is the most sacred symbol for Hindus. It is often used in prayer
![Page 5: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
HINDUISM• Collection of beliefs that developed over
thousands of years (combo of Aryan beliefs w/ native beliefs). No founder. India.
• Brahman is most divine spirit• Holy Men, GURUS, are spiritual teachers. They
interpret the religion. • Sacred Books: Vedas/Upanishads• Liberation from desires and suffering: Moksha. • Reincarnation based on Karma and Darma• Caste System (ex: Brahmin)
![Page 6: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
JUDAISM
Star of David (shield of David)…is the universal symbol of Judaism. It refers to King David, who ruled the kingdom of Israel.
![Page 7: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
JUDAISM• First monotheistic religion. • Sacred Book: Torah• God chose Abraham to be the “father” of the Hebrew
people. • To Hebrews, God (Yahweh or Y’hwh) was not a physical
being and no images were made of Yahweh. • Migrated to Egypt from Canaan (today’s Israel) and were
forced into slavery. • Exodus: 1300-1200 BCE…Moses led them from slavery. • 900 BCE – Two kingdoms: Judah and Israel. Judah was
destroyed by Assyrians. • Fighting for Jerusalem still exists today.
![Page 8: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Confucius
CONFUCIANISM
![Page 9: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
CONFUCIANISM• Confucius lived during Zhou Dynasty (500’s
BCE)• His influence wasn’t appreciated until Han
Dynasty (200’s BCE)• 5 Basic Relationships (loyalties)
1.Ruler/Subject 2. Father/Son 3.Husband/Wife 4. Older brother/younger brother 5. friends
• FILIAL PIETY – respect for parents and elders.• Social Order/Harmony• Education is critically important
![Page 10: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
YIN YANGrepresents harmony YIN
EARTH/FEMALE/PASSIVEYANG
HEAVEN/ MALE/ ACTIVE
DAOISM
![Page 11: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
DAOISM
• Laozi (600 BCE).• Natural Order is KEY! • Of all creatures of nature, only humans fail
to follow the Dao or “the way”. • Government should do as little as possible
and leave the people alone. • Communion with nature instead of political
chaos.
![Page 12: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
BUDDHISM
WHEEL OF LAW – his teachings are often a symbol of the wheel and interconnectedness of life and all living things.
![Page 13: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
BUDDHISM
• Siddartha Guatama – 563 BCE• Wandered to find “Enlightenment”. • 4 Noble Truths about suffering and how to
get rid of it. • 8-Fold Path = steps to Nirvana (release
from selfishness and pain. • Draws from Hinduism – but also a reaction
to harsh Hindu traditions (Caste). • Spread throughout all of Asia
![Page 14: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Spread of Buddhism
![Page 15: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
CHRISTIANITYCROSS = symbol of crucifixion of
Jesus Christ…represents Jesus’ love for humanity in dying for its sins.
![Page 16: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
CHRISTIANITY
• Worship of Roman gods was impersonal, practiced without a great deal of emotion. Christianity was accepted and spread.
• Emphasized individual relationships with God. • Jesus (prophet) was born a Jew in Judea (4
BCE). Christians believe he is the son of God.• Bible = combo of Jewish and new Christian ideas• Constantine was first Roman emperor to accept it
as the Romans expanded East. It became official religion of Rome, eventually.
![Page 17: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
![Page 18: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
ISLAMCrescent Moon – became symbol
during Ottoman Empire. Maybe 5 points on the stars represent Pillars? Some Muslims actually do not accept it. It is often used on political flags to represent Islamic nations.
![Page 19: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
ISLAM
• Mecca, Saudi Arabia – holy city• Muhammad – Final Prophet (accepts
Abraham and Jesus as well. )…about 1000 years after AXIAL AGE!
• 5 Pillars of Faith• Monotheistic• Islamic Empire – becomes it own empire! • Trade and Commerce spread its ideas and
it became a huge empire.
![Page 20: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
![Page 21: OVERVIEW OF BELIEF SYSTEMS](https://reader031.vdocuments.site/reader031/viewer/2022020703/61fb25382e268c58cd5aaedc/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Picture Credits
• http://sd71.bc.ca/sd71/school/courtenay-jr/School/BUDDHISM/maps/spread.JPG
• http://www.freethinkingatheist.com/wp-content/uploads/spread.gif
• http://wps.ablongman.com/wps/media/objects/262/268312/art/figures/KISH_07_156.gif