BYZANTINE EMPIRE & RUSSIA

Overview Byzantine formed after German invaders took

over west of Roman Empire Constantinople was built Justinian (famous emperor) created Justian’s Code Schism between Roman Catholic and Greek Orthodox

Churches Byzantine Empire fell in the 1400s

Russia began in present day Ukraine Kiev became center of trade Mongols cut Russia off from Western Europe Mongols defeated; Ivan the Great ruled as czar Russia carried on tradition of extreme power with Ivan

the Terrible Many new kingdoms and cultures came to Russia

Ottoman Turks took control of southeastern Europe

WAIT!…you might want to know this

Schism – permanent split Between Greek Orthodox Church and Roman

Catholic Church Czar – Russian word for Caesar

Ivan the Great took this title Ethnic group – large group of people who

share the same language and cultural heritage Eastern Europe had no denominational ethnic

group Serf – lowest level of workers in medieval

Europe

BYZANTINE

-wealthiest nation in Europe and Western Asia from A.D 500 to A.D 1200

- defended by a mobile specialized army

- Constantinople was divided into 14 sections

Byzantine: the beginning

After the fall of the Rome, Europe divided into 2 civilizations West – medieval civilization East – Byzantine Empire

German invaders caused emperors to move base to eastern Medditerranean

Emperor Constantine rebuilt Byzantium to Constantinople Thrived in Middle ages, trade routes linked

Europe and Asia Eventually the eastern Roman empire

became known as Byzantine

Byzantine: Justinian’s Code

Justinian was Byzantines most famous emperor Ruled from 527 – 565 Aided by wife Theodora

Set up quest to collect law of ancient Rome, which later became known as Justinian’s Code Reached Western Europe by 1100s Influenced laws and principals of Roman

Catholic Church and medieval monarchs Spread heritage of Roman law

Byzantine:Christianity

Division grew between Byzantine Christians and Roman Catholics Emperor controlled Church affairs; rejected pope

to have authority over Christians Byzantine clergy retained the right to marry

By 1054, a schism separated Eastern Greek Orthodox and Roman Catholic Churches Empire began to decline Constantinople fell in 1453 Istanbul (ancient Christian City) became center

of Muslim culture

Byzantine:Heritage

Byzantine thrived for 1000 years Blended Greek science with Christianity Philosophy, arts, literature Expanded on Roman achievements in

engineering and law Greek Scholars left Constantinople to teach

elsewhere Italian universities Took Greek manuscripts to the West Contributed Greek knowledge to European

Culture Aka, the Renaissance

Review!Byzantine Empire

What was name of Eastern Roman Empire? Byzantine Empire

What was the church called of that empire? Eastern (Greek) Orthodox Church

Who created a code of laws that we base our laws off today? Justinian!

What is a schism? Permanent split

RUSSIA!

-Collection of cities that eventually formed into an empire

-Ivan the Terrible divided Russia into two parts – and kept one for himself

-Kiev united with a city called Novgorod

RUSSIA! Early history

Began in present day Ukraine Slavs moved into into southern Russia during

Roman Times Vikings traveling on Russian rivers during the 700s

and 800s contributed from the Slavs Vikings traded with Constantinople

Kiev became center of first Russian state Major trade center

Trade brought Byzantine influence to Russian Byzantine missionaries brought Byzantine culture to

Russia Greek alphabet – written language (863) Art, music, architecture

RUSSIA!Mongol Conquest

Mongols from Asia overran land from China to Eastern Europe 1200s

Fierce conquerors, but tolerant rulers Mongol rule cut Russia off from

Western Europe at a bad time Europe was making fast advances in arts

and sciences

RUSSIA!Rise of Moscow

Princes of Moscow gained power and defeated Mongols

Ivan the III (Ivan the Great) ruled Russia from 1462 – 1505 Took title of czar (Russian for Caesar) Built frame work for absolute rule, very successful

Ivan IV (Ivan the Great’s grandson) centralized power even more Cut privileges of nobles and bound serfs to the

land Started tradition of extreme absolute power

Earned title of “Ivan the Terrible”

Review!Russia

Name of trading center in the first Russian state? (present day Ukraine) Kiev

Who invaded Russia in the West and influenced absolute rule? Mongols

What is a czar? Russian word for Caesar

What was Ivan IV known as? Ivan the Terrible

ShApInG eAsTeRn Europepart 1

No single ethnic group Slavs from Russia, Asian peoples, Huns, Avars,

Bulgars, Khazars, Magyars, and Germans Byzantine missionaries carried on Eastern

Orthodox Christianity throughout Balkans German knights carried on Roman

Catholic Christianity Eastern Europe became refuge for Jewish

settlers Western European Christians prosecuted them

ShApInG eAsTeRn EuRoPepart 2

Many new kingdoms/small states arose Poland battled Germans, Russians, and

Mongols to survive Magyars of Hungary controlled parts of

present-day Slovakia and Romania 1500s, Ottoman Turks ruled over

southeastern Europe

www.middle-ages.org.uk/serfs.htm

http://www.kidspast.com/world-history/0142-byzantine-empire.php

http://www.guidetorussia.com/ivan-the-terrible.asp