overlock machines
TRANSCRIPT
INTRODUCTION
Over lock machine is a special purpose
machine used for finishing edges and
sometimes for seaming. It falls under the
class 500.
Stitch types in this class are formed with
one or more groups of threads and have a
general characteristics that loops from at
least one group of threads pass around the
edge of the material.
BASIC FEATURES
Makes a class 500 that trims, stitch and
overcast seams as they sew.
Up to 5000 stitches per minute.
Stitch length vary from 0-5mm.
Used to sew wide variety of items- from
placemats to draperies and even
sportswear.
Stitch is very elastic and can stretch up to
300%.
Stitch can be made using 1,2,3,4, or 5 threads, depending on the no. of needles and looper.
Seams sewn with a combination of conventional and over lock stitching can be used in a variety of fabrics and garment styles.
Overlock machine
Types of stitch Lock Stitch
Machine speed 2500[s.p.m]
Type of motor used Induction motor
Type of lubrication Automatic
Oil used G2
Type of feed Deferential feed
Type of needle DP*5
Type of bed Cylindrical Bed
Purpose of Machine Loops Attaching
Power consumption 3/4HP
STITCH TYPES PRODUCED
BY OVERLOCK MACHINE.
Stitch Type 501 [ 1 thread overedge]
Stitch Type 503 [ 2 thread overedge]
Stitch Type 504 [ 3 thread overedge]
Stitch Type 514 [ 4 thread overedge]
Stitch Type 516 [ 5 thread overedge]
Overlock machine feeding
system Differential drop feed:
It utilizes two independently driven feeddogs. The stroke of each feed dog canbe adjusted separately.
If the stroke of the front feed dog isgreater, then the fabric may be gather asit is sewn.
If the rear feed dog has the greaterstroke, then the fabric may be stretchedto provide a more extensible seam.
Differential feed regulator
The differential feed
is regulated by the
differential feed
regulator, which
adjust the rate at
which the material is
fed under the foot.
It is used to prevent
the fluting or wavy
seams on stretch
material.
Single thread overlock:
• Stitch type 501.
• One needle and one looper.
• Only used in home application.
• Has little effect on fabric drape.
• Unsuitable for seaming, because does not
hold plies securely, causing seam grim
when stressed.
Two thread overlock:
• Stitch type 503.
• One needle and one looper.
• Best for finishing seam edges and allowances.
• Has little effect on fabric drape, and rarely causes a pressing imprint.
• Frequently used for serging edges on men’s slacks, lightweight fabrics.
• Unsuitable for seaming, because does not hold plies securely, causing seam grim when stressed.
Three thread overlock:
Stitch type 504, most common overedgestitch.
Stitch formed by interaction betweenvertical movement of needle and horizontalmovement of two loopers.
Stitch looks the same on both sides
To make a 504 stitch, the needle threadstitches the flies together when it interlockswith the under looper thread on theunderside and upper looper thread on thetop side.
◦ Used for finishing edges as a narrow, decorative, rolled
edge on napkins and scarves.
◦ Most useful for sewing knits, wovens
◦
Upper
looper
Lower looper
Four thread overlock:
It will stitch a chain stitch or a safetystitch as it stitches and overcastsseams.
Two needles and two loopers. Can be converted to both two and three
thread overlock All 4 threads are necessary to sew a
serged seam. Suitable for sewing blouses, shirts,
skirts, dresses, pants, lingerie, actionwear, swimwear, and even sleepwear.
Machine specifications
CONTENTS DESCRIPTION
Maximum Sewing Speed 6500 spm
Stitch Type 514
Stitch Length 1.0 to 3.6mm
Stitch Width 6.2mm
Needle Gauge 2.2mm
Differential Ratio 1:1.29 to 1:0.6
Needle System B 27
Lubrication System Automatic
Five thread overlock:
A 2-thread chain stitch combined with a 3-thread overlock.
2 needles and 3 loopers.
The left needle and lower looper form a 2-thread chain stitch.
The seam is very durable, particularly for wovens.
A very wide seam width is created when the chain is serged with 2 or 3 thread stitch.
Problems:
On completion of the first garment, the
formation of 1-1.5 inch long thread
chain;
Spoiling the appearance of the second
garment as it gets stitched along with
it;
Finishing of the garment by manual
cutting of the chain leading to higher
labour costs and waste of time.
BackLatcher Device
An attachment for semi-automatic and
automatic sewing machine that
ensures that any excess thread chain
extending from the leading or trailing
edge of the garment during an
operation on the garment on the
machine is directly stitched to the next
garment so that no loose or free ends
of the chain are remained.
Working Principle
Automatically sensing the completion ofstitching, by sensing of the trailing portion ofthe first cloth by the sewing machine;
Automatically engaging the first cloth inresponse to the sensing and moving the firstcloth away from the stitching needle morequickly then the sewing machine stitchesthe thread chain, to pull the excess chainextending past the trailing portion of the firstcloth relatively taut.
Automatically severing the excess threadchain from the trailing portion of the firstgarment when the excess thread chain isrelatively taut.
Automatically positioning the excessthread chain with respect to the secondcloth so that the excess thread chain isstitched to the second cloth by thesewing machine, so that neither clothhas free stitches extending there from.
Chain Cutting Device
The device at the side of the overlock
machine for the manual cutting of the
protruding soft chain of threads is
called chain cutting device.
It is both horizontal and vertical.
The severing is done automatically by
sensor in the automatic machine.
Adopting high quality alloy
steel Fully sealed needle bar drive mechanism
supported at both ends. Stabilized sewing without
needle oscillation is possible even at high speed
and the fully sealed structure prevents oil scattering
to eliminate oil-stained products.
Adopting oil forcing revolving
device: The new design assures fully lubrication of
the needle bar & prevent it from oil leaking
problem.
The new type upper
threading structure:
New design of the
upper looper
mechanism
provides easier
threading operation .
Besides, the looper
inserts from the
front, which
makes the replacing
work simple & easy.
Disadvantages of overedge
machines:
Can’t be used to attach patch pockets
or for top stitching as it would trim
along the seam line thus destroying
the fabric.
High thread consumption.
REFERENCES
Sewing for the Apparel Industry By
Claire Shaefffer.
Cloth Manufacturing
Sewing Machine operational Manual.
Technology of clothing manufacture
By Carr and Lethem
Yamato Overlock Machine Catalogue