OUTLINEOUTLINE• I.Holocaust•• A. ADOLF HITLER • 1.What does holocaust mean• 2. concentration and extermination camps• B. interdiction to the holocaust • 1.what was the holocaust • 2. adminstretion of the final solution• 3. the end of the holocaust

• c. discovery of concentration camps• 1. orginas of the holocaust• 2. Epilogue•• D. Learning about the holocaust for school pupils• 1. who was the leader of the holocaust

• 2. what was the holocaust

THE THE HOLOCAUSTHOLOCAUST

What does holocaust mean ?

The term "Holocaust," originally from the Greek word "holokauston" which means "sacrifice by fire," refers to the Nazi's persecution and planned slaughter of the Jewish people. The Hebrew word "Shoah,

The term "Nazi" is an acronym for "Nationalsozialistishe Deutsche Arbeiterpartei" ("National Socialist German Worker's Party").

Who was the leader of the Who was the leader of the holocaustholocaustHitler Hitler

He had an unrelenting obsession with purifying the Aryan race

Between 1941 and 1945, Nazi Germany and its accomplices strove to murder every Jew under their domination

Because the Nazi’s hatred against Jews began with Hitler's accession to power in January 1933, many historians consider this the start of the Holocaust era. Jews were not the only people who were suffered in the Holocaust, but anyone who got in the Nazi way were killed.

What was the holocaust ?What was the holocaust ?

In 1933, the In 1933, the Jewish population of EuropeJewish population of Europe stood at over nine million. stood at over nine million. Most European Jews lived in Most European Jews lived in countries that Nazi Germany countries that Nazi Germany would occupy or influence would occupy or influence during during World War IIWorld War II. .

At least 200,000 mentally or physically disabled patients, mainly Germans, living in institutional settings, were murdered in the so-called Euthanasia Program

As Nazi tyranny spread across Europe, the Germans and their collaborators persecuted and murdered millions of other people. Between two and three million Soviet prisoners of war were murdered or died of starvation, disease, neglect, or maltreatment.

Concentration and Concentration and extermination campsextermination camps

► Although many people Although many people refer to all Nazi camps refer to all Nazi camps as "concentration as "concentration camps," there were camps," there were actually a number of actually a number of different kinds of different kinds of camps, including camps, including concentration camps, concentration camps, extermination camps, extermination camps, labor camps, prisoner-labor camps, prisoner-of-war camps, and of-war camps, and transit camps. transit camps.

While concentration camps were meant to work and starve prisoners to death, extermination camps (also known as

death camps) were built for the sole purpose of killing large groups of people quickly and efficiently.

Prisoners transported to these extermination camps were told to undress to take a shower. Rather than a shower, the prisoners were herded into

gas chambers and killed. (At Chelmno, the prisoners were herded into gas vans instead

of gas chambers.)

At a number of Nazi concentration camps, Nazi doctors conducted medical experiments on prisoners against their will

Discovery of the concentration Discovery of the concentration campscamps

On 24 Jul 1944, On 24 Jul 1944, the Russian the Russian army marched army marched near Lublin in near Lublin in Poland as their Poland as their campaign campaign westward westward continued. continued. They came They came across the across the abandoned abandoned Majdanek Majdanek concentration concentration camp, whose camp, whose prisoners prisoners already had already had been herded been herded off on a death off on a death march away march away from the from the advancing advancing Russian troops. Russian troops.

On 31 Aug 1944, the SS began evacuating the Natzweiler-Struthof camp, herding its prisoners on a death march that resulted in 2,000 deaths en route to the Dachau camps. In the following months, as the concentration camps were evacuated by their commandants, the prisoners were engaged in brutal death marches against the increasingly cold terrain.

Administration of the final solutionAdministration of the final solution

To concentrate To concentrate and monitor the and monitor the Jewish population Jewish population as well as to as well as to facilitate later facilitate later deportation of deportation of the Jews, the the Jews, the Germans and Germans and their their collaborators collaborators created ghettos, created ghettos,

German SS and police units, supported by units of the Wehrmacht and the Waffen SS, murdered more than a million Jewish men, women, and children, and hundreds of thousands of others

from occupied territories, and from the countries of many of its Axis allies to ghettos and to killing centers, often called extermination camps, where they were murdered in specially developed gassing facilities.

What is the holocaust What is the holocaust At the end of WWII, the slaughter of At the end of WWII, the slaughter of

many innocent Jews took place many innocent Jews took place known as the Holocaust. known as the Holocaust.

This took place from 1939-1945.

6 million Jews were killed my Nazi soldiers. This was because of Hitler’s hatred for Jews.

Origins of the holocaustOrigins of the holocaust

The Nazi Party had used The Nazi Party had used relocation as an effective weapon relocation as an effective weapon against their political enemies as against their political enemies as early as 1933, but it was some early as 1933, but it was some time between 1937 and 1938 that time between 1937 and 1938 that members of the Nazi Party started members of the Nazi Party started to deport Jews into concentration to deport Jews into concentration camps and ghettos. One of the camps and ghettos. One of the first concentration camps built first concentration camps built was at Buchenwald was at Buchenwald

The anti-Semitism rampant among the Nazi was not a new phenomenon. Rather, it was built upon an anti-Semitic feeling that had long been present in Europe. Even after WW2, the Pocket Oxford Dictionary still grossly defined the word "Jew" as the following:

Margot Rosenthal of Berlin was able to hide from the Gestapo agents until 5 Dec 1941 before she was found and forced to relocate to a ghetto in Bavaria. "Send us something to eat, we are starving," she wrote her friend Ruth Andreas-Friedrich in Berlin.

It was in camps like Chelmno that between eight to eleven million Jews, Jehovah's Witnesses, prisoners of war, Roma, Sinti, the disabled, homosexuals, political dissidents

The end of the holocaustThe end of the holocaust In the final months of In the final months of

the war, SS guards the war, SS guards moved camp moved camp inmates by train or inmates by train or on forced marches, on forced marches, often called “death often called “death marches,” in an marches,” in an attempt to prevent attempt to prevent the Allied liberation the Allied liberation of large numbers of of large numbers of prisoners prisoners

In the aftermath of the Holocaust, many of the survivors found shelter in displaced persons (DP) camps administered by the Allied powers. Between 1948 and 1951, almost 700,000 Jews emigrated to Israel, including 136,000 Jewish displaced persons from Europe

Death Marches -Forced marches of prisoners over long distances and under intolerable conditions was another way victims of the Third Reich were killed

EpilogueEpilogue

After the war, the term Holocaust was used to describe the After the war, the term Holocaust was used to describe the systematic murder the Nazi Party had committed, systematic murder the Nazi Party had committed, particularly the genocide of the Jews. Advocates such as particularly the genocide of the Jews. Advocates such as Simon Wiesenthal dedicated their efforts in finding those Simon Wiesenthal dedicated their efforts in finding those responsible for the murders and bringing them to justice.responsible for the murders and bringing them to justice.

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Vincent, Victoria. "The final solution." Vincent, Victoria. "The final solution." SelectionsSelections. Sempo Sugihara, Japanese Consul . Sempo Sugihara, Japanese Consul in Lithuania, n.d. Web. 21 Nov 2011. http://www.holocausthistory.net/start.htm in Lithuania, n.d. Web. 21 Nov 2011. http://www.holocausthistory.net/start.htm

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