Outdoor LightingApplication Guide

S o l u t i o n s t o a l l y o u r l i g h t i n g n e e d s

Atmosphere and Security

Light and Glare Control

Energy and Light Efficiency

9-99

Making choosing... light work!

Environment… energy efficiency… budget… luminaire height… spacing: these are just a few of the considerations that come into play when selecting the appropriate lighting.

At Lumec, we offer refractor and reflector optical systems as well as combinations of the two. And we can integrate them in a variety of decorative and functional luminaires. As a result, you can meet all of your lighting needs, without compromising style or efficiency!

How to use the Quick Selector Guide – Products6

Most Lumec luminaires can accommodate more than one type of optical system, providing greater applicationversatility. These tables have been developed to help youdetermine the best product/optical system combinationfor your needs …quickly and easily.

The photos and drawings shown here illustrate how aCandela CAND1 suspended luminaire and the L70 Series of Traditional octagonal lanterns can accommodate threedifferent types of optical systems: the RR, SE and RACE.

To determine whether or not theluminaire/optical system combination you favor will deliver the lighting required by your particular application, refer to the “Quick Selector Guide – PhotometricPerformance” tables on the following pages.

RR

SE

RACE

Candela · Cand1

Ref

ract

orR

efle

ctor

Ref

ract

or R

efle

ctor

Com

bina

tion

Lantern · L70

250W max.(RB)

175W max.(RB)

175W max.(RB)

250W max.(RB)

250W max.(RB)

250W max.(RB)

How to use the tables:

You can refer to these tables by luminaire or by optical system.

If you refer to them by luminaire:

1 Choose the style of luminaire thatharmonizes with your project.

2 Then identify the model(s) needed.

3 Identify the optical system(s), which the selected luminaire model(s) canaccommodate.

If you refer to them by optical system:

3 Identify the optical system delivering the lighting distribution you seek.

4 Next, confirm whether or not the luminaire(s) of your choice canaccommodate it.

Both of these approaches will provide you with the maximum wattage, as well as anyrestrictions that may apply, such as the use of a remote ballast (RB) with the maximumwattage.

RR

SE

RACE

CA

ND

1

CA

ND

3

CA

ND

4

CA

ND

5

CA

ND

2

CA

ND

6

CA

ND

7

CandelaSealsafePost-TopSuspended

175W

175W

250W

175W

175W

175W

175W

175W

1

2

3

4

Refractors

Reflectors

Reflector/Refractor Combinations

RR

The RR™ round borosilicate refractorfeatures two series of prisms con-trolling the lamp’s horizontal andvertical luminous flux.

RR5: Symmetrical (V)RR3: Asymmetrical (III)RR3MD: Asymmetrical (III)

with medium deflector

ZED

The large round acrylic or polycarbo-nate ZED™ refractor features twoseries of prisms controlling the lamp’shorizontal and vertical luminous flux.The refractor’s large surface allowsbetter candela distribution.

ZED5: Symmetrical (V)ZED3: Asymmetrical (III)ZED2: Asymmetrical (II)

SG

The SG™ reflector consists of segmen-ted aluminum mirrors producingfaceted arc-image duplicating lightdistribution patterns.

SG1: Asymmetrical (I)SG2: Asymmetrical (II)SG3: Asymmetrical (III)SGQ: Symmetrical (V)SGFM: Forward-throw

RACE

The RACE™ system combines a roundacrylic (100W maximum) or borosi-licate (150 and 175W) prismaticrefractor with a segmented, hydro-formed uplight recovery dome.

RACE5: Symmetrical (V)RACE3: Asymmetrical (III)RACE3D: Asymmetrical (III)

with deflector

SHA/SSA

SHA™/SSA™ Sealsafe™ sealedoptical chambers consist of a hydro-formed reflector permanently sealed by silicone on a high-pressureinjection-molded refractor withinternal prisms only.This optical system’s assemblyprovides high photometric hyper-extensive performance while mini-mizing glare and reducing energyconsumption.

SHA3M: Asymmetrical hyper-extensive (III)

SHA4L: Asymmetrical hyper-extensive (IV)

SSA3M: Asymmetrical semi cut-off (III)

Refractor available in:AC: AcrylicPC: Polycarbonate

SE

The SE™ reflector is hydroformed toproduce faceted arc-image dupli-cating light distribution patterns.

SE5: Symmetrical (V)SE3: Asymmetrical (III)

SCB/SHB

SCB™/SHB™ Sealsafe™ sealedoptical chambers consist of a hydro-formed reflector permanently sealedto a tempered-glass lens with silicone.The optical system’s assembly pro-vides high photometric cut-off perfor-mance, minimizes glare and reducesenergy consumption over time.

SCB3M: Asymmetrical cut-off (III)SHB3M: Asymmetrical

hyper-extensive (III)

HBS/HBM

HBS™/HBM™ Sealsafe™ sealedoptical chambers consist of a hydro-formed reflector permanently sealedon a sagged tempered-glass lens.This assembly delivers cut-off per-formance while minimizing glare and reducing energy consumption.HBS distribution:MC2: Medium cut-off (II)SC2: Short cut-off (II)SS2: Short semi cut-off (II)MC3: Medium cut-off (III)HBM distribution:MC2: Medium cut-off (II)MS2: Medium semi cut-off (II)MN2: Medium non cut-off (II)MN3: Medium non cut-off (III)

Precise interior prismsfor horizontal light control

Precise exterior prismsfor vertical light control

Acrylic or polycarbonate high pressure injected molding

Optical Systems3

ApplicationsTypes of optical systems

High pressure molded sealsafe lamp access mechanism

Precision hydro-formed reflector forcomplementary vertical light control

Acrylic or polycarbonate high pressure injected molded interior prisms refractorfor horizontal light control

Precise cut-off angle

Highly reflective interior surface

Precision hydro-formed reflector

54

ZED™ luminaires

This installation is an excellent exampleof uniformity and atmosphere achievedon a residential street. These refractor-based Z14™ luminaires incorporateZED™’s new state-of-the-art, large pris-matic refractor, providing cost efficient,even lighting. These luminaires are theperfect addition to any project!

Rue de la Commune

Old-Montréal is a high-profile, high-traffictourist district that required lighting that combined traditional styling withmodern photometric performance. Theseneeds were effectively met by the L26™, a coach lantern-style luminaire incorpo-rating an SG™ cut-off reflector opticalsystem. This installation providesexcellent road lighting while creating an inviting ambience for pedestriansvisiting the area.

Wellington Avenue

Combining esthetics with state-of-the-artphotometric performance, thisinstallation offers the best of bothworlds. Featuring Ancestra™ AT50™suspended luminaires, it providesexcellent lighting while respecting thelook and feel sought for this revitalizedcommercial downtown district.Typical light reflection and

refraction pattern

Typical light source emissionpattern and light reflection pattern

Typical light refraction pattern

RR

ZED

SE

SG

SCB3M

RACE

SHA3M

HBS (optic)

HBM (optic)

Refr

acto

rRe

flec

tor

Refl

ecto

rRe

frac

tor/

Refl

ecto

r

OT1

0

OT2

0

XL1

0

CA

ND

1

CA

ND

3

CA

ND

4

CA

ND

5

CA

ND

2

CA

ND

6

CA

ND

7

NW

NW

20

3

NW

207

NW

20

8

LLPL

C

LLH

X

LLH

L

52

00

524

0

52

60

52

80

LP2

0

Z10

A

Z10

B

Z14

Optima New WestminsterCandela LP20 ZenithGlobesSealsafe Signature 5200 GlobesPost-TopSuspended

250W (RB)

175W (RB)

175W (RB)

400W** (RB)

250W*

175W

175W

250W (RB) 175W 175W

175W

175W

250W

250W

250W

175W

175W

175W

200W(RB)

250W(RB)

175W

RB Remote Ballast

ARB Always Remote Ballast

* Polycarbonate Only

** Reduced Jacket

Sealsafe ® optics

with the maximum wattage allowable

RR

ZED

SE

SG

SCB3M

RACE

SHA3M

HBS (optic)

HBM (optic)

RR

ZED

SE

SG

SCB3M

RACE

SHA3M

HBS (optic)

HBM (optic)

AT1

0/

AT2

0

AT3

0/

AT4

0

AT5

0

L20

L21

A/

N

L26

SA/

N

L40

S

L26

A/

N

L40

L41

L24

L28

/L6

1

L60

L70

L71

L72

L73

L30

L31

/L3

2

L80

/L8

1

L23

L29

L50

L51

JLT1

0/

20

/3

0

Z40

Z47

Ancestra Lantern Globes Joliet NostalgiaOctagonal Lantern Victorian Lantern LanternLarge Square Lantern Hexagonal LanternSmall Square Lantern

TR10

TR2

0

DM

S50

DM

S60

OPS

40

/4

5

OPS

80

/8

5

OPL

40

/4

5

OPL

80

/8

5

OPC

OPC

S

HB

S

HB

M

Z60

Z65

Transit Domus Optilux Opticone Helios Harmonia

310W

750W

The SG Optical System ships in different sizes. The small SGFM cannot accommodate 200W and higher wattages.

175W 175W (ARB)

250W (RB)

400W** (RB)

250W*

250W (RB) 250W (RB)175W(ARB)

175W(RB)

250W (RB)

250W (RB)

250W (RB)

175W 250W(RB)

175W(RB)

250W(RB)

250W(RB)

175W 250W(RB)

175W(ARB)

250W(RB)

250W(RB)

250W(RB)

400W**(RB)

400W**(RB)

400W**

400W**(RB)

250W(ARB)

250W(ARB)

250W(ARB)

250W (RB)

250W (ARB)

250W (ARB)

250W (RB)

250W (ARB)

250W (ARB)

250W

250W

250W

250W (RB)

250W (ARB)

400W** (RB)

250W* 250W*

1000W** (RB)

400W (RB)

400W (RB)

250W (RB)

400W (RB)

400W (RB)

400W** (RB)

400W**

1000W** (RB)

400W(ARB)

400W

250W(RB)

250W(RB)

CAND1 CAND7 LLPLC LLHL Z14

OT20 OT20 NW NW203 NW208 LP20

L26A L40S L28 L50 Z47A

AT30 AT50 L73 L31 L80 JLT10

DMS50 OPS40 Z65

TR20 Opticone HBS

Quick Selector Guide – Products7 9

The following tables will help you determine, at a glance, whichproduct(s) can accommodate a given optical system, along withwattage restrictions, etc. For greater ease of reference, theirpresentation corresponds to the categories of the Lumec binder.

Since space restrictions prevent us from showing our complete product offering, we invite you to contact our representative for full details.

How to use the Quick Selector Guide – Photometric Performance10

What optical system/wattage can meetapplication requirements?

1 Identify the application category that corresponds to yourproject: “Local/Subdivisions”, “Collector/Main Street”, or“Major/Roadway”.

2 Depending on the application category, choose One side (A), Opposite (B), or Median (C) installation and refer to the appropriate line in the tables.

6 Based on this information, choose the types of opticalsystems suitable for your needs (to meet the requiredspacing). There will be a colored square in the appropriate category(layout and lamp). This color identifies the minimumwattage required by a given optical system, in order tomeet the criteria.

4 The type of lamp — Metal Halide (MH) or High PressureSodium (HPS) — will also influence photometricperformance as they have different light (lumen) outputs.

5 Tells you with which mounting height the calculation forthe spacing of the luminaires is based on.

3 More than one optical system may meet these criteria.

There are two ways of using the tables:

What luminaire spacing does the optical systemallow for a given application?

1 Identify the application category that corresponds to your project: “Local/Subdivisions”, “Collector/MainStreet”, or “Major/Roadway”.

2 Depending on the application category, choose One side (A), Opposite (B), or Median (C) installation and refer to the appropriate line in the tables.

3 Choose the type of optical system to be used with theluminaire.

4 Then chose the type of lamp — Metal Halide (MH) orHigh Pressure Sodium (HPS).

5 Tells you with which mounting height the calculation forthe spacing of the luminaires is based on.

6 Based on these criteria, you will be able to determinequickly:• Maximum luminaire spacings allowed

by the optical system.• Minimum wattage required with

the optical system (colored squares)

RACE3

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

75' 90' 105' 120' 135' 150' 165' 180'

mounting height factor

spacing at 15' mounting height

A

B

HPSMH

HPSMH

70 100 150•100• •150• •175•

70•70• •100•

4" 24"4"

Mounting height:15"

Mounting height:15"

4" 24"4"

12

2

3

4

5

6

15'

A One Side B Opposite

Local/Subdivision

These concise tables contain a great deal of information.

Working from common factors such as MountingHeight, you can see how optical systems perform in given applications and how they measure upagainst each other.

You can then refer to the “Quick Selector Guide – Products” tables to determine which

of these optical systems can be accommodated by the luminaire family selected.

RR3

ZED 2

ZED 3

SE3

SG3

SCB3M

RACE3

SHA3M

SHA3MHS

HBS (optics)

HBM (optics)

RR3

ZED 2

ZED 3

SE3

SG3

SCB3M

RACE3

SHA3M

SHA3MHS

HBS (optics)

HBM (optics)

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

75' 90' 105' 120' 135' 150' 165' 180'

15'

30'

The tables indicate wattages capable of maintaining 0.5-footcandle illuminance and 6 to 1 avg./min. uniformity.This type of lighting is ideal for areas with low nighttime pedestrian traffic, such as residential developments consisting of single-family homes, townhouses, small apartment buildings and small neighbourhood shops. It is also suitable for roadways providing direct access

The maintenance factor used in these calculation tables are the most widely used:

High Pressure Sodium (HPS) based on a five-year cycle

Non-Sealsafe luminaire: 0.80Sealsafe luminaire: 0.88

Metal Halide (MH) based on a three-year cycle

Non-Sealsafe luminaire: 0.72Sealsafe luminaire: 0.79

Since space restrictions prevent us from showing all possible layouts (width of street, luminaire/optical system combinations, etc…) and maintenance factors, we invite you to contact our representative for full details and a point-by-point layout for your project.

The tables indicate wattages capable of maintaining 0.8-footcandle illuminance and 4 to 1 avg./min. uniformity.This type of lighting is ideal for municipal areas with high nighttime pedestrian traffic, such as densely developed downtown business districts and on the outskirts of the municipality. This also includes high-traffic roadways within residential, commercial and industrial zones.

The tables indicate wattages capable of maintaining 0.5-footcandle illuminance and 6 to 1 avg./min. uniformity.This type of lighting is ideal for major thoroughfares connecting the main traffic-generating areas as well as major rural highways into the city.

A One Side B Opposite A One Side B Opposite B Opposite C Median

mounting height factor

spacing at 15' mounting height

Local/Subdivision Collector/Main Street

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

75' 90' 105' 120' 135' 150' 165' 180'

150' 180' 210' 240' 270' spacing at 30' mounting height

100•100• •150•

70•70•

70•70•

100•100•

150•150•

200•175•

250•250•

400•400•

•100•

70 100•70• •100• •150•

70•70•

70 100•70• •100• •150•

70•70•

70 100•100• •150•

70•70•

70•100••70•

70•70•

70•70• •100•

70•70•

70 100•70• •100•

70•70•

70•100•

70•70•

70 100•100• •150•

70•100••70•

70 100 150•100• •150• •175•

70•70• •100•

70 100 150•100• •150• •175•

70•70• •100•

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

A

B

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

150' 180' 210' 240' 270'

150 200•250•

100 150•100• •150• •175•

100 150•150• •175•

10070 150•100• •150••70•

100 150•100• •150• •175•

70 100•70• •100• •150•

100 150•175••150•

10070•100• •150•

70•100••70•

100 150 200•175••150• •250•

70 100•100• •150•

70•70•

150•250••175•

10070•150••100•

100 150•100• •150• •175•

70 100•70• •100•

150 200 250•150• •175• •250•

70 100 150•100• •175••150•

consult factory

70•100••70•

consult factory

consult factory

RR3

ZED 2

ZED 3

SE3

SG3

SCB3M

RACE3

SHA3M

SHA3MHS

HBS (optics)

HBM (optics)

5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12

75' 90' 105' 120' 135' 150' 165' 180'

B

C

B

C

B

C

B

C

B

C

B

C

B

C

B

C

B

C

B

C

B

C

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

HPSMH

150' 180' 210' 240' 270'

150•250••175•

100•150•

100 150•150• •175••100•

15070 100•150• •175••100•

70 100 150•100• •150• •175•

70 100 150•100• •150•

100 150•175• •250••150•

100•150•

70•100•

10070•100• •150•

70•70• •100•

70 100•150••100•

100

100

150•175•

150•175•

100 150•100•

10070 150•100• •150•

•150• •175• •250•70 100

•100• •150•

100 150 200•150• •175• •250•

100 150•100• •175••150•

consult factory

consult factory

consult factory

HPS: High Pressure SodiumMH: Metal Halide

70 W

100 W

150 W

175 W/200 W

250 W

400 W

HPS

MH

HPS

MH

HPS

MH

HPS

MH

HPS

MH

HPS

MH

Major/Roadway

A One Side

B Opposite Side

C Median

4' 24'4'

Mounting height:15'

Mounting height:15'

4' 24'4'

Mounting height:15'

4'8' 12' 12' 8'4'

Mounting height:15'

4'8' 12' 12' 8'4'

4'12'12' 6'12'12'4'

Mounting height:15'

Mounting height:15'4'12'12' 6'12'12'4'

Photometric Performance Tables11 13

The tables featured here will help you identify, at aglance, what luminaire spacings can meet the lightingrequirements of a given application in terms of lightinguniformity levels.

The values expressed in these tables reflect typicalcalculations based on maintenance factors standard inthe industry. These tables are designed to help youbetter compare the performance of different opticalsystems for a specific application.

Pathways and Entrance Lighting

Candela with RR Candela with SE Candela with RACE

Seven Bridges Development14 15

Street and Roadway Lighting Parking Lighting

These Candela CAND5 luminaires with RR optics light roadways in and around the "Seven Bridges" development.

Incorporating the RR refractor, these lumi-naires provide good street lighting whilecreating atmosphere by sending light onsurrounding buildings.

The CAND5 was the original luminaire chosenfor early phases of the project and, when newoptical systems were available, it became thestandard for the rest of the project.

The Candela CAND5 luminaires, featured here with RR refractors, can also accom-modate SE optics for lighting parkingfacilities.

Using an RR refractor and SE reflector, theseluminaires provide good, even lighting aroundthe development's various commercial andmunicipal buildings.

Different luminaire heights and layoutsprovide the lighting levels and uniformityrequired by the buildings' various uses.

The first phase of the Seven Bridges project to use SE optics inside the standard develop-ment luminaire.

Used along entrances to municipal buildingsand parking lots, the Candela CAND5 withthe SE reflector optical system providesexcellent lighting, for greater safety andefficient glare control.

Harmonizing with the architecture of thebuildings, these luminaires light building and parking lot accesses, and are com-plemented by Candela CANDB2 bollards.

This was the first phase of the "SevenBridges" project where SE and RACE opticswere used inside the standard luminaire.These luminaires enhance the project as a whole, while maintaining its generalsignature look.

The planners of the "Seven Bridges"residential and commercial developmentchose the Candela CAND5 luminaire forstreet and roadway lighting, at the verystart of the project in 1991.

As the project progressed through differentphases, Lumec developed and integrated the cut-off SE reflector and RACE combinedrefractor/reflector systems in CAND5 units.

By the time the commercial phases were readyfor construction, Lumec was in a position tooffer CAND5 luminaires with the photometricperformance to meet all established criteria,including uniformity and, in some areas,higher light levels.

While some of the luminaires were installed at high mounting heights with differentspacings, the overall esthetic quality of the project was maintained throughout.

Candela CAND5

Details of the Candela CAND5 with RR optics, lighting the main road of the development.The pole also includes banner arms to complement different activities.

Details of Candela CAND5

(shown here with RR optics) lightingparkings along the different complexes of this development.

Ice Arena

Details of the Candela CAND5, with SEoptics, and the CANDB2 bollards at theentrance of the Ice Arena.

Ice Arena

Entrance to the Ice Arena at the SevenBridges Complex.

Pathway and Entrance Lighting

Parking Lighting

Street and Roadway Lighting

0.10.2

0.30.4

0.50.6

0.7

Coefficient of utilization

.05.07

.1

.3

.5

1

Street Side

0

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

House Side

12"

Coefficient of Utilization

The ratio of the luminous flux (lumens)from a luminaire calculated as receivedon the work plane (pavement) to theluminous flux emitted solely by theluminaire’s lamp.

Luminaires… How They Light!16 17

Mounting Height or Light Center

This term refers to the actual height of aluminaire’s optical system luminouscenter. This dimension becomes theprimary reference in the Isolux.

Isolux Curves

A line that shows all the points on a surface where the illuminance is the same.

House Side

Refers to the light distribution on the"back" side of the luminaire where thehouses should be on a street.

Street Side

Refers to the light distribution on the"front" side of the luminaire where thestreet or parking is located.

Understanding light

A basic knowledge of light, its science and technologycan help you better understand and measure itsefficiency in terms of your project’s specific needs.

In the case of a luminaire, the actual source is the lamp,which uncontrolled, will emit light in all directions. As a result, much of that light may be of little use. In some cases, in fact, it may actually be harmful.

Controlling the light is where the science of photometrycomes in. Photometry not only quantifies and qualifieslight emissions, it also seeks to develop new ways ofmanaging those emissions, and directing them totargeted areas using optical systems.

3

2

1

0

1

2

3

4

50 1 2 3 4 5 6 7

0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.5 0.6 0.7Coefficient of utilization

.05.07

.1

.3

.5

1

Street Side

House Side

Typical Isolux

Refers to the light distribution on the “front” side ofthe luminaire where the street or parking is located.

Controlling light

Optical systems are the mechanical means used tocontrol the luminous flux of the lamp, redirecting it to the specific area where it is required. This luminousflux (or total lamp output) is measured in lumens, whilethe candela refers to the luminous intensity in a givendirection.

This document showcases the three main types of opticalsystems:

The refractor: a system that uses prisms to redirect thelight horizontally or vertically, as needed.

The reflector: a system using formed reflective surfaces toredirect the light. These surfaces can consist of a singlehydroformed piece, or an assembly of multiple parts.

The reflector/refractor: this combination applies the bestof both systems for optimum photometric performanceand energy efficiency. In short, it lights more efficiently,and saves you money in the process!

Measuring light

The most common measure of the performance orefficiency of a luminaire/optical system combination isthe Footcandle or Lux. These quantify the illuminance,which refers to the way light interacts with horizontaland vertical planes.

Illuminance or more specifically, horizontal illuminance isthe most widely used factor when assessing the efficiencyof outdoor lighting. Increasingly, vertical illuminance isalso being considered, particularly in the case of wall orambiance lighting. The Isolux is used to express thesemeasurements.

Isolux

Specifically, this refers to the light value of a line plottedalong a set of coordinates, showing all points on a sur-face having the same illuminance. A series of these linesis defined as an isolux diagram.

The key photometric document, the isolux diagram makesit possible to quickly identify the appropriate road light-ing solution for a given project.

The diagram’s scale is graduated by mounting heightacross the road as well as along the road. It alsoestablishes the percentage of the rated flux of the lamp inside the luminaire, which is concentrated on the targeted area.

Another concept gaining in importance is Luminance.

Luminous Flux

Luminous flux is the concept for thetotal quantity of light energy emittedper second by a light source.

Candela, cd

The SI definition of fundamentalluminous intensity in a given direction.One candela is one lumen per steradian(lm/sr).

Lumens, lm

SI (Système International – metricsystem) unit of luminous flux.Photometrically, it is the luminous flux emitted within a unit solid angle(one steradian) by a point source having a uniform luminous intensity of one candela.

Light

Radiant energy that is capable ofexciting the retina and producing avisual sensation. The visible portion of the electromagnetic spectrum extendsfrom about 380 to 770 nanometers.Photometry

The measurement of quantities asso-ciated with light. Photometry may be visual in which casethe eye is used to make a comparison, or physical with measurements made bymeans of physical receptors.

Refractor

A borosilicate glass or plastic deviceused to redirect the flux from a source,primarily by the process of refraction.

Isolux (isofootcandle)

A line plotted on any appropriate set ofcoordinates to show all the points on asurface where the illuminance is thesame. A series of such lines for variousilluminance values is called an isolux(isofootcandle) diagram.

Luminance

Luminance is the concept for the lumi-nous intensity emitted per unit of areaof a surface in a specific direction. Theunit is the candela per square meter(cd/m2).

Foot-candle fc

A unit of illuminance. One foot-candle equals one lumen per square foot(lm/ft2).

Lux, lx

The SI unit of illuminance. One luxequals one lumen per square meter(lm/m2).

Illuminance

The areal density of the luminous fluxincident at a point on a surface.

Discharge Lamp With Metal Halide:

These are clear tubular or ovoiddiffusing lamps made of glass, whichencloses a discharge tube in whichmetal iodides have been inserted: for example, mercury, sodium, thalliumor indium iodides.

High Intensity Discharge (HID) Lamp

An electric discharge lamp in which thelight producing arc is stabilized by walltemperature. HID lamps include groupsof lamps known as mercury, metalhalide, and high pressure sodium.

High Pressure Sodium (HPS) Lamp

A high intensity discharge (HID) lampin which light is produced by radiationfrom sodium vapor.

Reflector

A reflective device used to redirect theflux from a source by the process ofreflection. These devices are usuallymade from aluminum sheets. Thesesheets are either polished and anodizedsheets (Alzak) or hydroformed from3002 aluminum alloy, bright dippedand anodized for a mostly specularfinish. Or from 1100 aluminum alloy for a mostly diffusing finish.

Horizontal Illuminance

The area density of the luminous fluxincident at a point on an horizontal plane.

Vertical Illuminance:

The area density of the luminous fluxincident at a point on a vertical plane.

Luminaires… How They Light Together!18 19

Points

Footcandles or Lux values at thesecoordinates in this type of installation.

Horizontal illuminance on the ground

Typical area information.

05 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

1.10.9 1.2 0.9 0.7 0.6

0.6 0.5 0.30.3 0.2

2.11.5 1.4 1.0 1.1 0.9

0.8 0.6 0.50.4 0.3

2.01.9 1.6 1.3 1.3 0.9

0.7 0.6 0.50.4 0.4

1.81.9 1.2 1.3 1.1 0.9

0.6 0.5 0.40.3 0.3

1.51.6 1.3 1.1 1.0 0.8

0.6 0.5 0.40.4 0.3

1.41.4 1.2 0.9 0.8 0.7

0.6 0.5 0.40.4 0.3

1.61.4 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.5

0.5 0.4 0.40.3 0.3

1.21.2 0.9 0.7 0.5 0.4

0.4 0.3 0.30.3 0.2

0.90.9 0.7 0.6 0.4 0.4

0.3 0.3 0.20.2 0.2

0.60.6 0.5 0.4 0.4 0.3

0.2 0.2 0.20.2 0.2

0.40.4 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.2

0.2 0.2 0.10.1 0.1

05

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50

55 60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105

0.20.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

0.1 0.1 0.20.2 0.3

0.20.2 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.2

0.2 0.2 0.20.3 0.4

0.30.3 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.2 0.3 0.30.4 0.4

0.30.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2 0.30.3 0.3

0.30.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2 0.30.3 0.4

0.30.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2 0.30.3 0.4

0.30.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2 0.30.3 0.3

0.20.2 0.2 0.2 0.2 0.2

0.2 0.2 0.20.2 0.2

0.20.2 0.2 0.1 0.1 0.1

0.2 0.2 0.20.2 0.2

0.10.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

0.1 0.1 0.10.2 0.2

0.10.1 0.1 0.1 0.1 0.1

0.1 0.1 0.10.1 0.1

55

60 65 70 75 80 85 90 95 100 105

110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150

0.3 0.5 0.6 0.6 0.7 0.91.2 0.9 1.1

0.50.6 0.8 0.9 1.1 1.0

1.4 1.5 2.1

0.50.6 0.7 0.9 1.3 1.3

1.6 1.9 2.0

0.40.5 0.6 0.9 1.1 1.3

1.2 1.9 1.8

0.40.5 0.6 0.8 1.0 1.1

1.3 1.6 1.5

0.40.5 0.6 0.7 0.8 0.9

1.2 1.4 1.4

0.40.4 0.5 0.5 0.6 0.8

1.1 1.4 1.6

0.20.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6

0.7 0.9 0.9

0.20.3 0.3 0.4 0.4 0.6

0.7 0.9 0.9

0.20.2 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.4

0.5 0.6 0.6

0.10.2 0.2 0.2 0.3 0.3

0.3 0.4 0.4

110 115 120 125 130 135 140 145 150

5045

4035

3025

2015

105

0

5045

4035

30 25

2015

105

0

feet

Horizontal illuminance on ground

One luminaire does not a project make! This being said,it is not enough to consider how just one luminaire lights.Rather, you must consider how a number of luminaireswork together to deliver the lighting required by yourproject.

This involves two criteria — distribution, which generallyrefers to the way light is directed to a horizontal street(uniformity) and the efficiency of the optical system(footcandle/lux).

Typical Point by Point

This represents a typical point by point diagram of multiple luminaires.

Typical Point by Point

The information typically placed under a point by point diagram

Light distribution

Distribution types are categorized by a number of asso-ciations such as the IESNA (Illuminating EngineersSociety of North America). These same organizationsdefine uniformity and value levels.

The diagrams shown here illustrate how to determinewhether a given type of distribution can adequately meet your project’s requirements.

Illuminance uniformity

While the isolux makes it possible to qualify and quantify the performance of a single optical system, the point-by-point layout takes things to the next level: it allows you to determine the performance of two ormore luminaires working together.

The illustration presented here shows two luminairespositioned on a typical street. The point grid, which is used to calculate illuminance, and the correspondingstatistics allow you to determine Maximum Illuminance(Emax), Minimum Illuminance (Emin) and AverageIlluminance (Eavg).

Working from this data, you can establish the uniformityratio of your projected installation using the followingtwo formulas:

• The Eavg/Emin uniformity

• The Emax/Emin uniformity

This will allow you to determine what optical systemmeets your project’s uniformity requirements.

And since not all optical systems are created equal, it is essential for you to know how effectively a givenluminaire/optical system redistributes light on the street, and how much of that light ends up on surfacesaround the road. This “Light Trespass” is as important a consideration for your project as the amount of light on the road where ambiance is a factor.

The information provided by this point-by-point layoutwill go a long way in helping you select the mostefficient optical system for your needs. And opticalefficiency gives rise to energy efficiency, which in turn gives rise to significant savings over time!

Point by Point Layout:

Representation of illuminance orluminance values at specific points onthe designated area.

Optical Efficiency

The ratio of luminous flux (lumens)emitted by an optical system to thatemitted by the lamp or lamps usedtherein.

Uniformity

[Eavg/Emin]The ratio of the average illuminancevalue by the minimum illuminance valueon the calculation grid.

Uniformity

[Emax/Emin]The ratio of the maximum illuminancevalue by the minimum illuminance valueon the calculation grid.

Distribution

Refers to the way light is directed to a horizontal street (uniformity) and the efficiency of the optical system(footcandle/lux).

Maximum Illuminance

[Emax]The maximum illuminance valuecalculated on the grid.

Minimum Illuminance

[Emin]The minimum illuminance valuecalculated on the grid.

Light Trespass

[Obtrusive Light]Unwanted light which, because of quantitative, directional or spectral attributes in a given context, gives rise to annoyance, discomfort, distrac-tion, or a reduction in the ability to see essential information.

The Science of Lighting!20

The Sealsafe Principle21

Photometric development

Intent on meeting the requirements of the widestrange of lighting applications, we offer our clientssturdy, attractive and efficient luminaires integratingevery type of photometric distribution and/orsystem regardless of the style of lighting unitselected.

Photometric evolution

Implementing an approach, which has establishedLumec as a leader in its field, we design our own,more efficient optical systems for integration indecorative luminaires. Our Photometric DevelopmentDepartment uses a computer-driven, mechanizedgoniometer to test prototypes. It also fine tunesthese, and any other optical system to be incor-porated or retrofitted into our luminaires.

Retrofitting segmented cut-off optics in traditionalluminaires, for instance, has resulted in units thatdeliver greater energy efficiency and better controlof light pollution.

Photometric performance over time

Having produced luminaires that are better built,more resistant and easier to maintain, we shiftedour attention to their long-term photometric perfor-mance and energy efficiency, seeking to light more,light it better and light it longer, using less energy.

Breathing

Our work gave rise to the Sealsafesealed optical chamber, which effec-tively combines photometric andenergy efficiency. By reducing theinternal depreciation and permanentdepreciation associated with dustcontamination, this sealed opticalchamber provides long-term photo-metric performance from lower lampwattages. The result: energy savingsand reduced maintenance costs!

The Sealsafe advantage

Virtually eliminating the infiltrationof dust particles and other pollu-tants, the Sealsafe sealed opticalchamber has a higher L.L.F. (lightloss factor) which allows the use of lower wattages. This, in turn,translates into savings that willcontinue to add up throughout the entire lifespan of the luminaire.

Cleanly superior

Every component in the Sealsafesystem has been designed to preventdust, insects and other pollutantsfrom contaminating the sealed opti-cal chamber. As a result, the interiorof the refractor remains clean and itsdeterioration is greatly reduced.

Furthermore, the absence of exteriorprisms on the optical system’srefractor and lens provides a smoothsurface that precludes the build-upof dirt and allows the exterior of the refractor to be cleaned by windand rain.

Engineered for excellence

All Sealsafe optical systems have been engineered for lighting excellence.

SHA, SSA, SHB and SCB Sealsafesystems are built around a hydro-formed aluminum cut-off reflectorwhose precise photometric distri-bution delivers better light control.

In the case of SHA (hyper-extensive)and SSA (semi cut-off) distributions,this highly effective reflector is per-manently sealed and assembled onan injection-molded prismatic refrac-tor with internal prisms only.

On the other hand, the reflector ofSHB (hyper-extensive), SCB (cut-off)and Helios™ HBS™ (cut-off) andHBM™ (cut-off) optics is sealed on a glass sag lens.

The result: more uniform lightingfrom optical systems that minimizeuplight and glare, provide less veiling luminance and ensureoptimal visual comfort while maxi-mizing photometric performance.

Used throughout the world since 1985, the Sealsafesealed optical system has proven its effectivenessunder the most extreme conditions. But how does it work?

A combination of breathing and diffusion!

Breathing

By optimizing the design of the optical componentsforming the optical chamber, Sealsafe systems havesignificantly reduced the amount of air exchanged by the breathing effect. This is known as “respiration” andrequires a tight seal.

To ensure imperviousness, a polymer-injected shutter fitsinto a polymer-injected sleeve mechanically assembled tothe top of the reflector. A self-adjusting injected-siliconegasket on the shutter then seals the shutter to the sleeve.

The high leak resistance provided by the gasket aroundthe lens refractor/reflector joint and lamp-accessmechanism slows the change of pressure, so polluted airwill not be aspirated too quickly from the outside.

Diffusion

The major contribution of the Sealsafe system, however,relates to the complete elimination of the volume of aircirculating through diffusion.

The reduced airflow helps improve the luminaire dirtdepreciation (L.D.D.) factor.

The Light Loss Factor or L.L.F. of luminaires equipped withthe Sealsafe system is also significantly different fromthat of standard luminaires.

This L.L.F. results from the interrelation of the followingfactors:

· L.L.D. (lamp lumen depreciation)

· L.D.D.(luminaire dirt depreciation)

The Sealsafe’s higher L.L.F. stems from its higher L.D.D.factor, since the unit’s sealed optical system prevents dustand pollution from entering.

This higher L.L.F. makes it possible to use lower wattagesfor results, which, with other optical systems, wouldrequire higher wattages.

Luminaire Dirt Depreciation:

[L.D.D.]The fractional loss of task illuminancedue to luminaire dirt accumulation.

Lamp Lumen Depreciation Factor:

[L.L.D.]The fractional loss of lamp lumens at rated operating conditions thatprogressively occur during lampoperation.

Light Loss Factor

[L.L.F.]Light Loss Factor, also called Main-tenance Factor: The ratio of illuminancefor a given area to the value that wouldoccur if lamps operated at their (initial)rated lumens and if no system variationor depreciation had occurred.

Designed for versatility and ease of maintenance

Designed to respond to a variety of lighting needs, luminairesequipped with the Sealsafe system are available in a range ofdistributions.

Appreciated for their versatility, these energy efficient units arealso valued for their toolfree access system and sturdy constructionresulting in lower maintenance and servicing costs.

Intent on delivering complete solutions to today’s lighting needs,Lumec and its divisions have adopted a total approach to theproduction of quality luminaires and systems that light up projectsof every description.

Diffusion