out on a limb: chapter 7

7/27/2019 Out on a Limb: Chapter 7

1/27

*;?; *

G d k p t c r W c v c m

Qdkt Ockrs GkmVckgd Ss

kolut Lur Lwm Pkst, Prcscmt, kmf Iuturc

Jt turms lut tdkt ockrs eky oc kohc tl tckgd us qujtc k hlt. Qdjhc

Wqujrty wks ey wjfcst wjmflw jmtl tdc ockrs wlrhf, jt ejadt oc

tdkt tdc ockrs wlrhf prlvjfcs k hkrac, umcxpcgtcf wjmflw jmtl

lur lwmkhocjt lur prcdjstlrjg lmc.

Vl cxphkjm wdy, Je aljma tl al lut lm ey ojaacst hjeo yct, kmf rkjsc

slec qucstjlms kolut wdkt njmf li ckrhy prc-duekm ocdkvjlr ejadt

dkvc hcf tl lur lwm ocdkvjlr jm elfcrm tjecs. Vdc kfvcmt li hkmaukac

ilrty tdluskmf yckrs kal, wrjtjma vc tdluskmf yckrs kal, kmf elrc

rcgcmthy tdc tchcpdlmc, tchcvjsjlm, gchh pdlmc, kmf Jmtcrmct dkvc khh

hcf tl jmgrckscf slgjkh glmtrlh kmf gdkmacf tdc slgjkh fymkejgs li lur

cvcr-jmgrcksjma plpuhktjlm. Out hlma ocilrc khh tdjs, jts qujtc plssjohc

tdkt prc-duekm kmf ckrhy duekm guhturc kmf gleeumjgktjlm hllncf khlt hjnc k ockrs.


2/27

*;?? *

Lut lm k Hjeo

Gluhf tdcjr illf-sdkrjma ocdkvjlr sdlw us dlw gllpcrktjvc ocdkvjlr

octwccm umrchktcf kmjekhs ejadt dkvc ocaumkmf dlw jt sprckf rkpjfhy

tdrluad plpuhktjlms< Gluhf k ghlsc hlln kt tdc prjejtjvc slgjkh systces

li ohkgn ockrs prlvjfc km khtcrmktjvc cxphkmktjlm ilr tdc fcvchlpecmt li

duekm gllpcrktjvc ocdkvjlr, khtrujse, kmf elrkhjty tdcy gkmt rckp jt

irle stlrcf gkgdcs, kmf tdcy gcrtkjmhy gkmt arlw jt. Icekhc dlec rkmacs

krc fcicmfcf kmf cvcmhy spkgcf lm tdc hkmfsgkpc. Kmf kt kmy ajvcm tjec,

lmc icekhc eky dkvc k surphus li illf kmf ltdcr rcslurgcs wdjhc kmltdcr

icekhc eky dkvc k sdlrtkac lr, ilr tdkt ekttcr, mlmc.

Wugd lostkghcs sct tdc stkac ilr tdc cvlhutjlm li slgjkh cxgdkmac kmfrcgjprlgkh khtrujse kelma rchktjvcs kmf mlm-rchktjvcs khjnc. Ajvcm tdcsc

glmfjtjlms, jt flcsmt scce surprjsjma tdkt ohkgn ockrs dkvc cvlhvcf k


3/27

*;?7 *

Qdkt Ockrs Gkm Vckgd Ss

slgjkh ocdkvjlr tdkt khhlws kggcss tl illf kmf ltdcr rcslurgcs ilr khh

jmfjvjfukhs, cvcm strkmacrs. Vdcy ilre khhjkmgcs kmf glkhjtjlms wjtd

umrchktcf ockrs kmf tdcy sdkrc illf okscf lm k systce li rcgjprlgkh

khtrujse. Vdcy cstkohjsd ruhcs tdkt fcmc tdc pkrkectcrs li tdjs sdkrjma,

kmf tdcy cmilrgc tdce tdrluad k systce li bufaecmt kmf pumjsdecmt.

Ks ockrs cvlhvcf kmf tdcjr plpuhktjlms ocgkec fcmscr, tdc mccf tl

sdkrc wluhf dkvc arlwm cvcm arcktcr, wjtd k glrrcsplmfjma rjsc jm tdc

mccf ilr ikjrmcss kmf bustjgc.

Lur ckrhy kmgcstlrs, hjnc tlfkys ohkgn ockrs, wcrc hkrac lemjvlrcs

wdl hhcf k sjejhkr mjgdc jm tdc cglsystce2 Vdcy ktc prjekrjhy tdc

djadcst-qukhjty illf kvkjhkohc. Vdcy wluhf dkvc dkf tl trkvch tl act wdkt

tdcy mccfcf. Ks tdcjr plpuhktjlms arcw, tdcy wluhf dkvc dkf tl fcvchlp

wkys tl kggcss tdc illf supphjcs ghkjecf oy ltdcrs. Hjnc ockrs, jts hjnchy

tdkt tdcy dkf ml gdljgc ltdcr tdkm tl gllpcrktc wjtd lmc kmltdcr tl

act wdkt tdcy mccfcf, wdcm tdcy mccfcf jt. Vl fl tdjs, tdcy wluhf dkvc

mccfcf tl fcvchlp tdc oksjg elrkh ocdkvjlr tdkt Jvc rcpcktcfhy wjt-

mcsscf jm Wqujrty, dcr ikejhy, kmf dcr mcjadolrs. Vdkt ocdkvjlr wluhf

dkvc arlwm cxplmcmtjkhhy elrc glephcx ks tcgdmlhlajgkh suggcss

glmtjmucf tl arlw lur illf surphus, plpuhktjlms ocgkec fcmscr, kmf

tdc mccf tl jmtcrkgt kmf gllpcrktc wjtd elrc pclphc lpcmcf tdc fllr

tl elrc prlohces li pcrgcjvcf gdcktjmakmf tdus tl k arcktcr mccf ilr

bufaecmt kmf pumjsdecmt. Jm tdc rkmac li duekm slgjctjcs tdkt cxjst

tlfky, irle trjokh tl glselplhjtkm, tdjs mccf ilr jmgrcksjmahy glephcx

slgjkh glmtrlhs phkys lut jm mlres, ruhcs, kmf hkws.Ockrs slgjkh ocdkvjlr fcelmstrktcs tdkt km ckrhy ilre li slgjkh

cxgdkmac, rcgjprlgkh khtrujse, lr gllpcrktjlm octwccm umrchktcf jmfj-

vjfukhs gluhf dkvc cvlhvcf jm lur kmgcstry ks ckrhy ks tdc sphjt octwccm

lur fjrcgt kmgcstlrs kmf gdjepkmzccs sjx tl scvcm ejhhjlm yckrs kal.

Dkf tdc slgjkh cxgdkmac ocaum kt k tjec wdcm lur kmgcstlrs wcrc ml

elrc kfvkmgcf tdkm tdc ockrs umfcr sjejhkr cmvjrlmecmtkh glmfjtjlms,

lur kmgcstlrs wluhf dkvc dkf k duac cvlhutjlmkry kfvkmtkac lvcr tdckmjekhs wdl cvlhvcf jmtl gdjepscxphkjmjma, pcrdkps, wdy lur orkmgd

lm tdc ikejhy trcc hcf tl elfcrm duekms.


4/27

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Lut lm k Hjeo

Vdjs vjcw li tdc rllts li gllpcrktjvc ocdkvjlr fjiicrs frkektj-

gkhhy irle elfcrm tdluadt. Wgjcmtjsts gurrcmthy spcguhktc tdkt slgjkh

cxgdkmac ocakm eugd hktcr, jm tdc hkst ejhhjlm yckrs furjma tdc tjec

li Dlel crcgtus, km khrckfy hkrac-orkjmcf kmgcstlr. Out tdkt flcsmt

cxphkjm wdkt put us lm glursc tl arlw sugd hkrac orkjms lr wdy tdc

gdjepkmzccs fjf mlt.

Lur pktd js hjmcf wjtd cxtjmgt kmgcstlrs hckfjma up tlDlel crcgtus.

Okscf lm ey lwm loscrvktjlms li ockrs, jt scces ikr elrc hjnchy tl ec

tdkt slgjkh cxgdkmac lggurrcf kt k eugd ckrhjcr kmf sjephcr hcvch kmf

tdkt jt iuchcf lur glamjtjvc hckps, ajvjma ojrtd tl hkmaukac kmf jmgrcks-

jmahy glephcx slgjkh glfcs ks tdc mccf tl gleeumjgktc wjtd strkmacrs

gkec jmtl phky kmf arkfukhhy jmgrckscf.

_cgcmt mfjmas lm lur ckrhy rllts eky okgn tdkt mltjlm up. Wgj-

cmtjsts dkvc hlma tdluadt tdkt gdjeps kmf duekms dkf k gleelm

kmgcstlr umtjh kolut ilur ejhhjlm yckrs kal, wdcm tdcy pkrtcf wkys lm

tdc cvlhutjlmkry trcc. Out mcw cvjfcmgc suaacsts wc ejadt dkvc dkf

km cvcm ckrhjcr gleelm kmgcstlr, Krfjpjtdcgus rkejfus. Vdc pdysjgkh

trkjts li tdkt grckturc dkvc hcf sgjcmtjsts tl spcguhktc tdkt jt ocdkvcf

qujtc fjiicrcmthy irle gdjepkmzccs. Ilr lmc tdjma, jt hkgncf tdc hkrac

gkmjmcs tdkt ekhc gdjeps usc tl icmf lii ltdcr ekhcs. Vdjs suaacsts tdkt

Krfjpjtdcgus hjnchy wksmt k wkrrjlr> kmf ji jt wksmt k wkrrjlr, jt hjnchy

fjfmt hjvc jm tjadt slgjkh arlups, hjnc gdjeps, tdkt dckvjhy fcicmfcf k

tcrrjtlry. Jts prlokohc tdkt duekms fjfmt, cjtdcr, umtjh wc ocakm tl

sctthc, grcktc wckhtd, kmf adt tl fcicmf jt lr wjm elrc.

Wgjcmtjsts dkvc sckrgdcf lut ekmy elfchs tl cxkejmc tdc ckrhjcst

rllts li lur slgjkh mkturc. Vdcy dkvc ilumf slec, out ncy eystcrjcs

rcekjm. Qc flmt qujtc dkvc khh tdc ghucs wc mccf tl kssceohc tdc bja-

skw li dlw tdc stkac wks sct tl eknc us, ocdkvjlrkhhy, jmtl tdc grckturcs

wc krc tlfky.

Pcrdkps wcvc occm hllnjma kt tdc wrlma elfchs.

Ilr tdc elst pkrt, sgjcmtjsts dkvc hllncf ilr ghucs jm tdc ocdkvjlrsli grckturcs elst hjnc lurschvcs, acmctjgkhhy2 gdjepkmzccs, alrjhhks,

lrkmautkms, kmf olmlols. Ks k rcsuht, ekmy supplrt k tdclry li arlup


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slgjkh ocdkvjlr tdkt suaacsts tdkt ckrhy duekm slgjkh arlups hllncf k

hlt hjnc tdc slgjkh arlups wc scc jm tlfkys gdjepkmzccs. Vdjs flcsmt

cxphkjm, tdluad, dlw duekms ocakm gllpcrktjma wjtd strkmacrs.

Gdjepkmzccs hjvc jm slgjkh arlups flejmktcf oy k ekhc djcrkrgdy

kmf glmsjstjma li ekmy suoarlups. Vdcy ekjmtkjm tjadt ikejhy olmfs,

kmf ekhcs stkumgdhy fcicmf tcrrjtlrjcs. Jt scces k ejstknc, tdluad,

tl tdjmn tdkt k arlup slgjcty hjnc tdjs gluhf cksjhy cvlhvc jmtl tdc

lpcmhy gllpcrktjvc kmf fymkejg slgjcty tdkt cxjsts jm ohkgn ockrs kmf

duekms. Jts phkusjohc tdkt arlup slgjctjcs gluhf ilre lut li km lpcm

slgjcty hjnc Wqujrtys ji tdc dkojtkt glmfjtjlms gdkmacf kmf khhlwcf

arlups tl flejmktc khh tdcjr rcslurgcs. Out jt js eugd elrc fjiguht

tl jekajmc tdc rcvcrsc.

Vdc cecracmgc li gdjeps ks k elfch hjnchy lggurrcf ocgkusc tdcjr

orkjm-tl-olfy rktjl js kolut tdc skec ks elst li lur cxtjmgt rchk-

tjvcskmf khsl ocgkusc tdcy usc tllhs, wdjgd tlactdcr wjtd gllnjma js

tdluadt tl dkvc ilstcrcf tdc suggcss li duekms jm cvlhutjlm. Out cvcm

tllh usc rkjscs jssucs kolut tdc gdjeps ks elfchs ilr ckrhy duekm slgjkh

fcvchlpecmt. Vdluad gdjeps fl sdlw wjfcsprckf tllh usc, mlt khh

gdjepkmzcc arlups usc tdc skec tllhs. Vdjs ikgt suaacsts tdkt tdcjr

kojhjty tl orlkfgkst wdkt tdcy hckrmcf kgrlss tdcjr plpuhktjlm dkf hjejts

jeplscf oy tdcjr tcrrjtlrjkh arlup strugturc.

Qdcm wc hlln tl ohkgn ockrs, dlwcvcr, wc scc tdkt tdc kfvkmtkac

li gllpcrktjma kmf gleeumjgktjma wjtd strkmacrs wluhf dkvc hcf

tl wjfcsprckf guhturkh cxgdkmac tdrluadlut tdc plpuhktjlm, kmfdcmgc tdc rkpjf sprckf li kmy guhturkh kfvkmgcs. Vdc gdjeps hjejtcf

cxgdkmac fuc tl arlup tcrrjtlrjkhjty dks, jm ey ejmf, occm lmc li tdc

rckslms gdjepkmzccs, fcspjtc tdcjr djad hcvchs li jmtchhjacmgc, krc

stjhh gdjepkmzccs.

Ockrs, li glursc, krc stjhh ockrs, tll, out tdcjr oksjg slgjkh ocdkvjlrs

dlhf jeplrtkmt ghucs kolut dlw tdc njmfs li slgjkh systces tdkt pkrkhhch

lur lwm gluhf dkvc fcvchlpcf. Qc dkvc sccm tdkt icekhc ockrs ilracrcgjprlgkh rchktjlmsdjps wjtd oltd rchktcf kmf umrchktcf icekhcs. Ekhc

icekhc glkhjtjlms ilre tl kggcss illf jm mcw krcks, kmf tl khhlw suokfuht


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Lut lm k Hjeo

icekhcs kggcss tl illf jm kfuht icekhc dlec rkmacs. Glkhjtjlms li umrc-

hktcf ekhcs ilre tl kggcss surphus illf jm icekhc dlec rkmacs. Ekhcs

krc kohc tl trkvch ikr kmf wjfc, hckrmjma li mcw illf slurgcs lr plssjohy

guhturkh kfvkmgcs. Qdcm illf js sgkrgc jm lmc ockrs dlec rkmac, tdc

ockr gkm trkvch lr ilhhlw ltdcrs tl hckrm tdc hlgktjlm li surphus illfs.

Glephcx mctwlrns li irjcmfs, slgjkh rchktjlmsdjps, kmf gleeumjgktjlm

ocglec tdc ikorjg li k arcktcr slgjcty.

Ji wc hlln kt wdy kmf dlw suokfuht ekhcs ilre kmf usc glkhjtjlms

tl kggcss surphus illfs jm icekhc dlec rkmacs, wc mf k pkrtjgu-

hkrhy jmtrjaujma elfch li ckrhy arlup ilrektjlm kelma umrchktcf

jmfjvjfukhs. Vdc plwcr li tdcsc glkhjtjlms js hjejtcf oy tdc kvkjhkojhjty

li mkturkhhy lggurrjma rcslurgcs kmf js frjvcm oy tdc mccf tl kggcss

surphus illfs tl survjvc. Vdkt surphus illf cxjsts jm tdc dlec rkmacs

li icekhcs, tdluad. Lur APW fktk jmfjgktc tdkt kfuht icekhcs glvcr

tdc glrc li tdcjr dlec rkmacs cvcry twl lr tdrcc fkysk sjam tdcy krc

rcjmilrgjma tdcjr flejmkmgc jm tdcjr tcrrjtlry, mlt bust sckrgdjma ilr

illf. Vdcy mccf tl suggcssiuhhy cstkohjsd kmf ekjmtkjm k dlec rkmac li

djad cmluad qukhjty tdkt tdcy gkm dkvc tdc rcslurgcs rcqujrcf tl rkjsc

guos wdcm tdc guos krc tll yluma tl trkvch. Jt js mlt jm tdc jmtcrcst li

tdc kfuht icekhcs tl sdkrc wjtd tdc suokfuht ekhcs. Vdc ekhcs dkvc hcss

mccf tdkm ltdcr icekhcs, ks tdcy krc mlt ourfcmcf wjtd guos. Kmf tdcy

dkvc hcss kojhjty tl rcgjprlgktc. Wl suokfuht ekhcs eust mf plwcr jm

mueocrs tl cmtcr tdc tcrrjtlry li tdc kfuht icekhc kmf kggcss surphus

illf supphjcs.Jm ey stufy krck, jm plgncts li surphus illf, jt dks mlt occm umusukh

tl he cjadt tl tcm ekhcs rcsplmfjma tl tdc sekhh kelumt li okjt jm irlmt

li k rceltc gkecrk. Lm elrc tdkm ity lggksjlms J dkvc tkncm pjgturcs

li twl ekhcs sdkrjma tdkt sekhh kelumt li glrm, km jmfjgktjlm li irjcmf-

sdjp. Vdc FMK rcsuhts li tdcsc ockrs sdlw ml acmctjg rchktcfmcss.

Qc scc jm tdcsc ekhcs dlw rcgjprlgkh irjcmfsdjps ilre, tdcm

trkmsilre jmtl glkhjtjlms li, lr arlup ilrektjlms kelma, umrchktcfjmfjvjfukhs. Khh tdjs js trjaacrcf oy tdc umcvcm fjstrjoutjlm li rcslurgcs

lm tdc hkmfsgkpc.


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Wl cvcm kt tdjs oksjg hcvch li gllpcrktjlm, plpuhktjlm-wjfc mlres

dkvc cvlhvcf tl cmdkmgc tdc kojhjty li cvcry jmfjvjfukh tl kggcss illf

kmf ltdcr rcslurgcs. Zluma kmjekhs rlutjmchy tcst tdc tlhcrkmgc li elrc

flejmkmt ockrs tl hckrm tdc ruhcs. Vdc suokfuht ekhcs gkm cxpcgt tdkt

umaukrfcf illf gkm oc tkncm wjtdlut rcprjskh, out ks tdcy arlw lhfcr

kmf strjnc lut lm tdcjr lwm ilr ektcs tdcy hckrm tdkt hlgkh kmf jmfjvjfukh

ruhcs eust oc ilhhlwcf, ocgkusc tdcy krc rlutjmchy cmilrgcf. Vl fl khh

li tdjs, tdcy mccf tl jmtcrkgt wjtd strkmacrs, wdjgd hckfs tl k wdlhc fji-

icrcmt sct li gleeumjgktjlm kmf slgjkh snjhhs tdkm gleeumjgktjma wjtd

ikejhy eceocrs.

Qdy, ylu ejadt wlmfcr, wluhf tdcrc oc sugd k fjiicrcmgc octwccm

wdkt jt tkncs tl gleeumjgktc wjtd k strkmacr vcrsus gleeumjgktjma

wjtd k ikejhy eceocr< Bkrcf Fjkelmf, jm djs olln Aums, Acres,

kmf Wtcch, fcsgrjocs tdc jeplrtkmgc li ocjma kohc tl gleeumjgktc

wjtd strkmacrs. Jm k fjsgussjlm kolut ckrhy duekm arlup ilrektjlms

rchktjma tl okmfs kmf trjocs, dc fcsgrjocf twl Mcw Aujmck wkrrjlrs

ecctjma lm k trkjh kmf sjttjma flwm tl k twcmty-ejmutc fjsgussjlm li

wdkt trjocs tdcy wcrc irle kmf wdl tdcy wcrc rchktcf tl, bust tl bustjiy

mlt njhhjma ckgd ltdcr.

Jt js jmtcrcstjma tdkt oltd okmfs kmf trjocs krc cakhjtkrjkm jm mkturc

tdkt js, tdcy dkvc ml ilrekh eckms li alvcrmecmt, kmf tdcy rchy lm

rcgjprlgkh cxgdkmacs, mlt umhjnc ockrs.

Wtufyjma tdc wky ockrs ocdkvc eky kmswcr qucstjlms mlt bust kolut lur

pkst kmf prcscmt, out khsl kolut lur iuturc.

Kmjekh orkjms kmf duekm orkjms cvlhvc tl slhvc prlohces. Qc rst

pcrgcjvc tdc prlohce, wc tdjmn kolut jt, tdcm wc glec tl k glmghusjlm.

Kmjekhs pcrgcjvc rckh-wlrhf prlohces rstdkmf kmf krc hjnchy tl glec

tl tdc glrrcgt glmghusjlms. Ji tdcy flmt glec tl tdc glrrcgt glmghusjlm,tdcrc js k fjrcgt glmscqucmgc li fcgrckscf tmcss. Ilr elst kmjekhs hjv-

jma umfcr mkturkh glmfjtjlms, tdc Fkrwjmjkm prjmgjphc li survjvkh li tdc


8/27

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Lut lm k Hjeo

ttcst kpphjcs fjrcgthy tl tdc jmfjvjfukh. J sky tdjs ocgkusc jm k wjhf sjtu-

ktjlm khh li km kmjekhs glamjtjvc kojhjtjcs krc mccfcf ilr survjvkh> tdcrc

js hjtthc ekrajm ilr crrlr. Ji tdc rjadt gdljgcs krc ekfc, lmc survjvcs kmf

ektcs. Ji mlt, schcgtjlm tkncs phkgc.

Ks duekms, slec li lur glmghusjlms krc rjadt kmf, elrc litcm tdkm

mlt, slec li lur glmghusjlms krc wrlma. J gkm sky tdjs ocgkusc umhjnc

wjhf kmjekhs, lur tcgdmlhlay dks ajvcm us sugd km jmgrcksc jm lur tmcss

lr kojhjty tl survjvc tdkt tdcrc js ml hlmacr fjrcgt cvlhutjlmkry glmtrlh

li lur jmfjvjfukh fcgjsjlms. Ks hlma ks lur tcgdmlhlay prlfugcs elrc

illf kmf ltdcr rcslurgcs tdkm wc mccf tl survjvc, tdcrc js ml fjrcgt

schcgtjvc ilrgc prcssurjma tdc kggurkgy li lur gdljgcs. Ks k rcsuht, lur

guhturkh krgdjvc js rjffhcf wjtd jmkggurkgy. Kt cvcry hcvch li lur slgjcty,

wc gkm kmf dkvc ekfc okf fcgjsjlms wjtdlut kmy jeecfjktc glmsc-

qucmgcs. Qc dkvc ekfc okf fcgjsjlms tdkt kppckrcf tl oc allf kt tdc

tjec kmf dkvc lejttcf allf fcgjsjlms okscf lm tdc okf jmilrektjlm wc

dkf kt tdc tjec.

Mkturkh schcgtjlm lm tdc jmfjvjfukh hcvch js rcphkgcf wjtd k schcg-

tjlm li jfcks kmf jfclhlay okscf lm wdkt wks nmlwm kt tdc tjec.

Ocgkusc li tdjs, glmscqucmgcs dkvc sdjitcf irle km jmfjvjfukh hcvch tl

k spcgjcs hcvch. Glepctjtjlm li jfcks, jfclhlajcs, kmf slgjkh glmtrlh

li plpuhktjlms kmf rcslurgcs dkvc put duekmjty lm k rlgnct glursc

li gdkmac. Qc krc jm k rkgc tl ekjmtkjm lur tcgdmlhlajgkh kfvkm-

tkac kmf tl kssuec slgjkh glmtrlh li lur spjrkhjma plpuhktjlm. Vdc

glephcxjty li slgjkh glmtrlh glmtjmucs tl jmgrcksc ks lur plpuhktjlmarlws. Qc krc lm k ikst trkgn tl cjtdcr arckt cvlhutjlmkry suggcss lr

glhlsskh ikjhurc.

Lur sdlrt wrjttcm djstlry rcvckhs tdjs pkttcrm li gdkmac ks rurkh

guhturcs dkvc occm flejmktcf oy urokm guhturcs jm sckrgd li rcslurgcs,

sprckfjma jfclhlay kmf rchjajlm jm tdc prlgcss. Vdc umwrjttcm ruhc

Ejadt ekncs rjadt dks rcpcktcf jtschi tdrluadlut lur djstlry. Qdkt

dks occm tdc oksjs ilr sugd ocdkvjlr< Dkvc wc occm eknjma jmilrecffcgjsjlms lr dkvc wc occm eknjma fcgjsjlms tdkt sccecf rjadt kt tdc

tjec< Krc wc umfcr fjvjmc aujfkmgc lr dkvc wc ejsumfcrstllf tdc rlhc


9/27

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li rchjajlm< Vdcsc krc khh duac qucstjlms tdkt J icch gkm ocglec eugd

ghckrcr tl us ji wc umfcrstkmf k mkturkh oksjs ilr lur ocdkvjlr.

Kakjm, hcts hlln kt tdc glmscqucmgcs li lur fcgjsjlm eknjma. Vdc

glmghusjlms wc glec tl tdkt krc rjadt prlfugc k ocmct kmf pcrsjst,

wdjhc tdlsc tdkt krc wrlma lr lutfktcf uhtjektchy dkvc ikhhcm oy tdc

wkysjfc, kmf slectjecs mlt sllm cmluad. Vdc pljmt js tdkt wc mccf

prlohces tl fcvchlp tl suggccf. Qdcm tdcrc krc ml hlmacr prlohces

tl slhvc, lur cvlhutjlmkry fcvchlpecmt wjhh shlw tl k grkwh. Vdjs jm khh

hjnchjdllf dks khrckfy tkncm phkgc ks wc dkvc trkmsicrrcf ekmy li tdc

frjvcrs li lur lwm cvlhutjlm tl tcgdmlhlajgkh kfvkmgcs.

Ji tdc mccf tl gleeumjgktc tl ekmkac slgjkh glephcxjty hcf tl

hkmaukac kmf orkjm fcvchlpecmt, tdcm wc dkvc rcgcmthy occm jm tdc

prlgcss li trkmsicrrjma tdcsc frjvcrs li jmtchhjacmgc tl tdc tcgdmlhlay li

tchcarkpd, tchcpdlmc, tchcvjsjlm, rkfjl, kmf tdc Jmtcrmct. Vdc qucstjlm

js2 Qjhh tdc duekm orkjm ktrlpdy ks k rcsuht


10/27

*;70 *

Lut lm k Hjeo

jt bust flcsmt gkrc wdctdcr wc gkrry lm lr ocglec cxtjmgt. Vdc hjvjma

systce tdkt cxjsts lm ckrtd dks lmhy lmc alkh, kmf tdkt js tl oc stkohc kmf

rckgd cqujhjorjue. Qjtd tjec, hjic lm ckrtd js hjnc cmcrayk ilrgc tdkt

gkm oc mcjtdcr grcktcf mlr fcstrlycf> jt ecrchy kfkpts kmf cvlhvcs tl

glmtjmuc jts cxjstcmgc.

Hct us hckvc tdc oja pjgturc ilr k elecmt kmf try tl umfcrstkmf lur

lwm sjtuktjlm. Jm tdc prlgcss li cvlhutjlm, prlohces krc slhvcf cjtdcr

wjtd pdysjlhlajgkh lr ecmtkh kfkptktjlms. Cxkephcs li tdjs prjmgjphc

gkm oc sccm tdrluadlut mkturc. Jt cxphkjms wdy slec jmscgts gkm eknc

kmf usc tllhs, wdy k ockvcr gkm elfjiy jts cmvjrlmecmt sl snjhhiuhhy, kmf

wdy tdc ghlscst rchktjvc tl ekm js stjhh k gdjepkmzcc. Ilr kmy cvlhutjlm

tl tknc phkgc, tdcrc eust oc mcw prlohces tl slhvc.

Qdkt J ke skyjma js tdkt ji hjic lm ckrtd cvcr rckgdcs cqujhjorjue,

ckgd lrakmjse wjhh fcvchlp kmf stkojhjzc ks jt rckgdcs jts lwm hjejtktjlm.

Vdkt hjejtktjlm js tdc pljmt wdcrc km lrakmjse ml hlmacr dks tdc lpplr-

tumjty tl gdkmac lr kfkpt, wdcrc jt js kohc tl stkojhjzc kmf dlhf lm tl jts

phkgc wjtdjm tdc systce li hjic. Lmgc stkojhjzcf, km lrakmjse gkm rcekjm

jm k stkohc ilre ilr ejhhjlms li yckrs. Arky squjrrchs, ilr cxkephc, krc

tdluadt tl dkvc occm jm tdcjr prcscmt ilre ilr ks ekmy ks itccm ejhhjlm

yckrs> dlrscsdlc grkos, lmc dumfrcf ejhhjlm yckrs.

Ilr duekms, tcgdmlhlajgkh suggcss lr tllh usc dks prlfugcf k

surphus li illf kmf ltdcr rcslurgcs, out jt dks khsl hcf tl jmgrcksjma

plpuhktjlms, kmf oy fljma sl dks grcktcf k dlst li kffjtjlmkh prlohces

tl slhvc. Wlhvjma tdc tcgdmlhlajgkh prlohces dks occm tdc cksy pkrt>fckhjma wjtd tdc slgjkh rkejgktjlms li tdkt tcgdmlhlajgkh suggcss dks

occm k slurgc li sccejmahy umhjejtcf jssucs. Ilr cvcry ajkmt stcp ekfc

ilr duekmnjmf, wc mf lurschvcs ghlscr tl tdc orjmnfuc tl glmjgtjma

guhturcs, ejspcrgcptjlms, kmf glepctjma jmtcrcsts.

Lvcr tjec lur orkjms dkvc rcsplmfcf tl tdcsc mcw slgjkh prlohces

wjtd jmgrckscf vcrokh gleeumjgktjlm kmf uhtjektchy hkmaukac. Jm Lm

tdc Hjejts li Mkturkh Wchcgtjlm, puohjsdcf jm tdc Mlrtd Kecrjgkm_cvjcw jm ;410, Gdkrhcs Fkrwjm wrltc tdkt tdc jmtchhcgt eust dkvc

occm khh-jeplrtkmt tl ^ekmU, cvcm kt k vcry rceltc pcrjlf, ks cmkohjma


11/27

*;7; *


dje tl jmvcmt kmf usc hkmaukac, tl eknc wckplms, tllhs, trkps . . .

wdcrcoy wjtd tdc kjf li djs slgjkh dkojts, dc hlma kal ocgkec tdc elst

flejmkmt li khh hjvjma grckturcs. K arckt strjfc jm tdc fcvchlpecmt li

tdc jmtchhcgt wjhh dkvc ilhhlwcf, ks sllm ks tdc dkhi-krt kmf dkhi-jmstjmgt

li hkmaukac gkec jmtl usc> ilr tdc glmtjmucf usc li hkmaukac wjhh dkvc

rckgtcf lm tdc orkjm kmf prlfugcf km jmdcrjtcf ciicgt> kmf tdjs kakjm wjhh

dkvc rckgtcf lm tdc jeprlvcecmt li hkmaukac. Dc wcmt lm tl loscrvc,

Vdc djadcr jmtchhcgtukh plwcrs li ekm, sugd ks tdlsc li rktjlgjmktjlm,

kostrkgtjlm, schi-glmsgjlusmcss . . . prlokohy ilhhlw irle tdc glmtjmucf

jeprlvcecmt kmf cxcrgjsc li tdc ltdcr ecmtkh ikguhtjcs.

Wl jt js tdkt hkmaukac hcf tl octtcr tcgdmlhlay, wdjgd hcf tl jmgrckscf

duekm fcmsjtjcs, tdcm wrjttcm hkmaukac, elrc pclphc, kmf octtcr tcgd-

mlhlay. Zct wc stjhh dkvcmt occm kohc tl glmtkjm tdc ekmjicstktjlm li

mkturc tdkt cxjstcf kmf wlrns sl wchh jm Wqujrtys wlrhf2 pcrgcptjlm,

bufaecmt, kmf pumjsdecmt.

Jt js ey plsjtjlm tdkt khh li duekm ocdkvjlr wjhh, jm tjec, oc trkgcf okgn

tl k sjephc kmf mkturkh ocajmmjma. Jm ey vjcw, tdc sjephjgjty kmf fjrcgt-

mcss li ockrs ocdkvjlr tlwkrf tdc icw jmfjvjfukhs tdcy jmtcrkgt wjtd,

khlma wjtd tdc kustcrc mkturc li tdcjr hjvcs, eknc tdce arckt elfchs

ilr tdkt cxphlrktjlm. Out tdc kssueptjlm tdkt wc ocakm lur slgjkh hjvcs

eugd ks ockrs lpcrktc tdcjrs mlw ejadt khsl sdlw us dlw surphus tmcss

kmf km jmgrcksc jm plpuhktjlm fcmsjty dkvc kiicgtcf duekm ocdkvjlr.

Ilr ec, jt js qujtc slocrjma tl rckhjzc tdkt khtrujse, gllpcrktjlm,

bufaecmt, kmf pumjsdecmt krc jmcxtrjgkohy rchktcf kmf tdkt tdcy cxjstcf

hlma ocilrc, pcrdkps ejhhjlms li yckrs ocilrc, duekms dkf tdc lpplrtu-

mjty tl fcmc tdcjr lwm cxjstcmgc. Qdy< Ocgkusc wc krc ocdkvjma bust

hjnc k ockr jm k wlrhf tdkt dks ocglec sl glephcx tdkt mlmc li us truhy

umfcrstkmfs tdc oksjs ilr lur lwm kgtjlms. Qc krc kgtjvc phkycrs jm tdchctdkh akec li cvlhutjlm, yct lur jmfjvjfukh tmcss dks mltdjma tl fl

wjtd lur uhtjektc survjvkh. Qc usc tdc skec tjec-tcstcf ocdkvjlrs tdkt


12/27

*;7? *

Lut lm k Hjeo

tdc ockr uscs tl survjvc, lmhy tdcjrs krc tjcf fjrcgthy tl tdcjr jmfjvjfukh

tmcss. Ji tdcy eknc k pllr fcgjsjlm, tdcy cxpcrjcmgc km jeecfjktc kmf

pcrgcjvkohc hlss.

Vdc vkhuc li nmlwjma dlw k prjejtjvc slgjkh systce wlrns, lmc tdkt

dks k strugturc sjejhkr tl lur lwm, ajvcs us k oksjs tl bufac lur lwm

kgtjlms. Jt khhlws us tl prcfjgt kmf umfcrstkmf celtjlmkh rcsplmscs tl

kgtjlms kmf hlln ilr rllt gkuscs rktdcr tdkm tknjma kgtjlm okscf lm lur

lwm celtjlmkh vlhktjhjty. Ji wc umfcrstkmf tdkt wc khh dkvc km jmstjmg-

tjvc celtjlmkh okrlectcr, lmc tdkt wks fcsjamcf tl wlrn wjtd rchjkohc

jmilrektjlm kmf rcsuht jm fjrcgt glmscqucmgcs tdkt kiicgt lur jmfjvjfukh

tmcss, kmf tdkt tdjs celtjlmkh okrlectcr js stjhh lpcrktjma kmf rcauhkt-

jma slgjkh ocdkvjlr jm k wlrhf tdkt js glephcx, pllrhy umfcrstllf, kmf

flejmktcf oy k vkst krrky li plwcr gcmtcrs kmf glmjgtjma jmtcrcsts,

tdcm wc dkvc km lpplrtumjty tl hlln pkst kgtjlms frjvcm oy swccpjma

celtjlm kmf pllr lr jmglephctc pcrgcptjlm, kmf hlln ilr kmf jfcmtjiy

rllt gkuscs li prlohces. Put kmltdcr wky, umfcrstkmfjma dlw k systce

li gllpcrktjlm kmf allfmcss wlrncf kt jts glmgcptjlm ajvcs us km

lpplrtumjty tl hlln ocylmf tdc celtjlmkh frjvcrs li glmjgt kmf act

flwm tl tdc rktjlmkh gkuscs li prlohces.

Qkrikrc js tdc cvjfcmgc tdkt duekm slgjkh ocdkvjlr kgts kmf rckgts

wjtdlut dkvjma kmy truc umfcrstkmfjma li tdc ocdkvjlr jtschi. Ji wc

rcglamjzc tdc slgjkh ocdkvjlr li tdc ohkgn ockrlr kmy ltdcr kmjekh

wdlsc slgjkh ocdkvjlr ejadt ajvc us jmsjadt ks k prjejtjvc elfch li

duekm ocdkvjlrwc gkm scc cvlhutjlmkrjhy stkohc systces tdkt dkvccxjstcf ilr ejhhjlms li yckrs. Jm lmhy tdc hkst twl ejhhjlm yckrs gkm wc

scc tdc fcstkojhjzjma ciicgts tdkt suggcss dks orluadt uplm lur lmgc

stkohc slgjkh ocdkvjlr. Qjtd lur hkrac orkjms kmf kojhjty tl gleeumj-

gktc, wc dkvc occm ajvcm tdc lpplrtumjty tl glmtrlh kmf ekmkac lur

lwm fcstjmy. Smilrtumktchy, wc dkvc k prjejtjvc kmf jmstjmgtjvc slgjkh

eltlr tdkt glmtjmucs tl iumgtjlm ks ji mltdjma dks gdkmacf sjmgc tdc

fkwm li ekm. Qkrikrc js k ekmjicstktjlm li tdjs prjejtjvc ocdkvjlr jmtdc elfcrm wlrhf. Jt flcsmt cxjst jm tdc ockrs wlrhf ocgkusc bufaecmt

kmf pumjsdecmt kmf tdcjr glmscqucmgcs cxjst lm km jmfjvjfukh hcvch. Jm


13/27

*;77 *


ey lpjmjlm, wc wcrc kt tdkt skec hcvch umtjh kolut twl ejhhjlm yckrs kal

wdcm lur kmgcstlrs stkrtcf slhvjma prlohces wjtd tllhs tdkt cmdkmgcf

tdcjr glhhcgtjvc tmcss.

Chcecmts li wkrikrc fl cxjst jm tdc arlup slgjkh ocdkvjlrs li gdje-

pkmzccs. Vdcy dkvc occm loscrvcf ocktjma kmf cvcm njhhjma eceocrs li

mcjadolrjma arlups. Out jm k ockrs wlrhf, arlup ilrektjlm li umrchktcf

jmfjvjfukhs js hjejtcf oy tdc kvkjhkojhjty li mkturkh rcslurgcs. Vdc cvlhu-

tjlm li tdjs ocdkvjlr dks almc tdrluad tdc stcp-oy-stcp prlgcss lvcr vc

dumfrcf ejhhjlm yckrs. Vdc suffcm kppckrkmgc, jm cvlhutjlmkry tcres,

li k sustkjmcf surphus li k wjfc vkrjcty li rcslurgcs jm tdc hkst ejhhjlm

yckrs li duekm cvlhutjlmwjtd km cxplmcmtjkh arlwtd jm tdc hkst tcm

tdluskmf yckrskhhlwcf tdjs jmstjmgt tl tknc lm k mcw ilre wjtdlut kmy

mkturkh hjejtktjlms. Arlups li umrchktcf jmfjvjfukhs dkvc tdrluadlut

lur djstlry ilrecf tl flejmktc cvcry glmgcjvkohc rcslurgc jmghufjma

wktcr, hkmf, illf, cfugktjlm, rchjajlmwdktcvcr ejadt prlfugc k oksc

li plwcr. Lmgc km csscmtjkh eckms li kggcssjma kmf fjstrjoutjma mkturkh

rcslurgcs, tdc kojhjty li mlm-rchktjvcs tl ilre arlups dks cvlhvcf jmtl k

pltcmtjkhhy gkmgcrlus kspcgt li lur slgjkh ocdkvjlr.

Cvcry lmc li us cxpcrjcmgcs tdc ciicgts li tdjs gdkmac cvcry fky li

lur hjvcs. Jt cxphkjms wdy mltdjma ekncs scmsc, wdy tdcrc krc oja akps

jm ikjrmcss, wdy plhjtjgs krc sl jmglmsjstcmt, wdy umjlms lutarlw tdcjr

usciuhmcss, wdy lur cfugktjlmkh systces gktcr tl gcrtkjm stufcmts, wdy

sgjcmgc dks stkmfkrfjzcf ectdlfs tdkt prcghufc ltdcrs, wdy rchjajlms

try tl cxpkmf tdcjr jmucmgc, wdy tdcrc js rkgjse kmf fjsgrjejmktjlm

kmf eugd elrc. Vdc jeplrtkmt kspcgt li tdjs js tdkt wc krcmt tdjs wky

jmtcmtjlmkhhy> jt js lur mkturc. Ks arlups ilre lr olkrfs ecct, tdcrc

flcsmt cvcm dkvc tl oc km jmtcmtjlmkh phkm tl glmslhjfktc plwcr kmf

hjejt mlm-glmilrejma eceocrs> jt bust dkppcms.

Qc gluhf frkw uplm k mueocr li wchh-nmlwm jmbustjgcs tl umfcr-

sglrc tdjs rckhjty. Out hcts tknc k hlln kt lmc tdkt, ilr ec, djts ghlsc

tl dlec. Qdcm wc hlln kt tdc cvlhutjlm li cfugktjlm, wc gkm scc tdktnmlwhcfac dks occm k rcslurgc li plwcr. Jm tdjs glumtrys pkst, jt wks

jhhcakh tl cfugktc shkvcs kmf wlecm> wlecm krc stjhh mlt cfugktcf jm


14/27

*;76 *

Lut lm k Hjeo

slec phkgcs jm tdc wlrhf. Jt wksmt umtjh tdc twcmtjctd gcmtury tdkt

km kfcquktc cfugktjlm wks ekmfktcf ilr khh gjtjzcms li tdjs glumtry,

kmf cvcm kitcr tdkt tdcrc wcrc prlohces wjtd scarcaktjlm kmf acmfcr

cqukhjty. Jm ;:47 tdc Mktjlmkh Gleejssjlm lm Cxgchhcmgc jm Cfugk-

tjlm jssucf k rcplrt gkhhcfK Mktjlm kt _jsn, wdjgd rcvckhcf prlohces

jm wdkt stufcmts wcrc stufyjma, dlw dkrf tdcy wcrc stufyjma, kmf dlw

eugd tdcy wcrc hckrmjma. Jm rcsplmsc, slec dkvc rkjscf kgkfcejg

stkmfkrfs kmf hkumgdcf mcw tcstjma prlarkes. Ltdcrs, wrltc

Gdcstcr C. Ijmm, Br., jm k ;:4: jssuc li Gleecmtkry, dkvc cmkgtcf

gleprcdcmsjvc cfugktjlm-rcilre hcajshktjlm, wdjgd kff tl arkfuk-

tjlm rcqujrcecmts, fcgrcksc tdc kvcrkac ghkss sjzc, rcqujrc tckgdcrs

tl tknc hjtcrkgy cxkes, rcqujrc stufcmts tl pkss stkmfkrfjzcf tcsts,

rcfcsjam tckgdcr-hjgcmsjma rcqujrcecmts, kmf eugd elrc. Mlwdcrc

fjf tdcy glmsjfcr tdc fjvcrsjty li dlw fjiicrcmt stufcmts hckrm kmf

glmsjfcr k glephctc lutsjfc tdc olx rcvjsjlm li tdc Kecrjgkm

cfugktjlmkh systce.

Qdcm J wks lm tdc Mcw Dkepsdjrc Wpcgjkh Cfugktjlm Wtktc Kfvj-

slry Gleejttcc, J wks ksncf wdy tdc systce wks hlsjma gdjhfrcm ks

ckrhy ks kac vc. Ks sleclmc wdl wks umncf lut li njmfcrakrtcm kt

kac vc, J rcphjcf okscf lm ey lwm cxpcrjcmgc. J cxphkjmcf tdkt wdjhc

khh orkjms krc kmktlejgkhhy sjejhkr, tdcy plsscss phkstjgjty kmf kfkpt tl

tdc jmfjvjfukh furjma fcvchlpecmt. Dlwkrf Akrfmcr, k fcvchlpecmtkh

psygdlhlajst kt Dkrvkrf Smjvcrsjty, tdclrjzcs tdkt duekms plsscss

euhtjphc jmtchhjacmgcs2 hjmaujstjg, hlajg-ektdcektjgkh, eusjgkh, spktjkh,olfjhy/njmcstdctjg, jmtcrpcrslmkh, jmtrkpcrslmkh, kmf mkturkhjstjg. J

prcicr tl glmsjfcr tdjs rkmac acmctjg fjvcrsjty, wdjgd cxjsts jm cvcry

hjvjma lrakmjse kmf js csscmtjkh tl tdc kojhjty tl kfkpt tl gdkmacs jm tdc

cmvjrlmecmt. Vl put tdjs sjephy, ckgd lmc li us js olrm wjtd k wky li

hckrmjma tdkt wlrns ocst ilr us ks km jmfjvjfukh. J dkvc occm suggcssiuh

lmhy ocgkusc J dkvc occm kohc tl usc ey lwm ectdlfs li hckrmjma. Dkf

pclphc wdl hckrm hjnc ec occm kohc tl ekjmtkjm tdc flejmkmgc tdcyeust dkvc dkf ocilrc tdc wrjttcm wlrf, J wluhf dkvc alttcm Ks jm sgdllh

kmf pksscf tcsts wjtd yjma glhlrs. J wluhf dkvc kfvkmgcf fcarccs kmf


15/27

*;73 *


k djad-pkyjma blo> jt bust glecs flwm tl wdjgd arlup glmtrlhhcf tdc

rcslurgc li nmlwhcfac.

Ckrhy jm lur cfugktjlm prlgcss, gdjhfrcm krc ksncf, elrc lr hcss,

tl cxprcss tdcjr phkms ilr tdc iuturc. Lur slgjkh trkjmjma oy kmf hkrac

prlfugcs k rcsplmsc hjnc J ke aljma act k allf cfugktjlm, dkvc k allf

blo, kmf rkjsc k ikejhy. Kmf tdcyhh hjnchy dkvc, khrckfy, cvcm ks yluma ks

vc, slec njmf li km jfck kolut dlw tdcy wjhh ceorkgc kmf oc suggcss-

iuh jm hjic. Jm ltdcr wlrfs, tdcy dkvc km jmmktc scmsc li dlw tdcy cxgch.

Vdc tckgdcr rcsplmfs, Wlrry, out ylu gkmt fl jt tdkt wky> ylu dkvc

tl fl jt tdjs wky.

_jadt tdcrc tdc gdjhf js fcrkjhcf, ks J wks. Mlt lmhy flcs dc lr sdc

dkvc tl hckrm tdc ektcrjkh tdkt js ocjma tkuadt, out dc lr sdc khsl dks tl

hckrm slecolfy chscs ectdlf li hckrmjma. Ochjcvc ec wdcm J sky tdjs

gkm oc km jmsurelumtkohc tksn.

J wks ilrty ocilrc J rckhjzcf tdkt cvcryolfy fjfmt tdjmn bust hjnc

J fjf. J fjfmt fl vcry wchh jm sgdllh kmf dkf glec tl ochjcvc J wks

stupjf kmf wluhf mcvcr kelumt tl kmytdjma, out J fjfmt rckhjzc tdkt

khh li tdc stufcmts wdl fjf octtcr jm sgdllh tdkm ec gluhfmt fl tdrcc-

fjecmsjlmkh jekajma jm tdcjr dckfs. J gluhf fl tdjs wjtd sugd fctkjh tdkt

J gluhf rltktc km jekac, eknc gdkmacs, kmf scc k wlrnjma elfch tdkt

J gluhf tcst oy rcrummjma tdc elfch wjtd tdc gdkmacs. Vdkts tdc njmf

li kojhjty J put tl usc fcsjamjma kmf pktcmtjma aum pkrts. Out J fjfmt

rckhjzc J dkf k ajit tdkt wks umrcglamjzkohc tl ey tckgdcrs ocgkusc tdcy

bufacf ey kojhjtjcs lm tdcjr lwm, kmf tdcjrs wcrc hjejtcf tl tdcjr sug-gcss jm tdc cfugktjlmkh systce. Jt tlln ec fcgkfcs tl fjsglvcr dlw J wks

fjiicrcmt kmf dlw J gluhf usc ey mkturkh kojhjtjcs tl ey ocst kfvkmtkac.

Bust jekajmc ji tdc tckgdcrs jm sgdllhs tkuadt tl khh cjadt li Akrfmcrs

jmtchhjacmgcs kmf khh gdjhfrcm gluhf cxgch tl tdc hjejts li tdcjr lwm

jmglepctcmgc. Qc sdluhf mlt oc gleilrtkohc wjtd tdc stkmfkrfjzktjlm

li tdc twl tdjmas tdkt elst kiicgt wdkt wc ochjcvc kmf dlw wc tdjmn2

sgjcmgc kmf cfugktjlm.J mlw spckn litcm tl stufcmts kmf cfugktlrs kolut hckrmjma fjiicr-

cmgcs jm cfugktjlm. Lmgc, kitcr fchjvcrjma k tkhn gkhhcf Ockrs, Fyshcxjk


16/27

*;79 *

Lut lm k Hjeo

kmf Cfugktjlm2 Vdc Prjgc li Ocjma Fjiicrcmt tl k arlup li tckgdcrs kt

k spcgjkh cfugktjlm gcmtcr, lmc li tdc gcmtcr cephlyccs gkec up tl ec

kmf sdkrcf tdkt dc wks fyshcxjg, out wks hugny ocgkusc tdc ilumfcr li

tdc gcmtcr dkf rcglamjzcf djs snjhhs kmf dkf ajvcm dje k prlicssjlmkh

blo. Dc tdcm ksncf ec ji J gluhf splt pclphc hjnc us wdcm J ect tdce. J

tlhf dje J gluhf kmf tdkt jt tlln hcss tdkm k ejmutc. Dc pljmtcf tl tdc

arlup li tckgdcrs kmf skjf, Vdcy gkmt.

J mf slhkgc jm tdc rckhjzktjlm tdkt lmc li tdc elst glrruptjma kspcgts

li duekm ocdkvjlr js km jmstjmgt. Ji wc gkm kggcpt tdjs tdcm wc gkm rjsc

kolvc tdc irky, usjma lur ejmfs kmf lur kojhjty tl gleeumjgktc tl slhvc

slec li tdc ekmy prlohces orluadt lm wdcm wc ks duekms ocgkec

suggcssiuh cmluad tl ml hlmacr oc hjejtcf oy mkturc kmf grcktcf k sus-

tkjmcf surphus li illf kmf ltdcr rcslurgcs.

Elfcrm duekms dkvc lpcrktcf lm k slgjkh elfch tdkt cvlhvcf jm tdc

ckrhjcst li tjecs kmf tdkt cvlhvcf wjtd lmhy tdc jmilrektjlm tdkt wks

kvkjhkohc kt tdc tjec. Jm csscmgc, wdcm wc hckrmcf tl wrjtc tdc rst tdjma

wc fjf wks tl wrjtc lur lwm rsues. Jt wluhf oc dkrf tl jekajmc tdkt

wc gluhf fl tdjs kmy ltdcr wky. Vl tdjs fky wc usc tdjs rsue wc gkhh

duekmjty ks tdc oksjs ilr tdc kmkhysjs li elst li lur kgtjlms. Jm tdc gksc

li wkrikrc lr glmjgt, wc sccn tl glmtrlh wckplmry ks k eckms li cmfjma

wkr. Kt ml tjec jm lur djstlry dkvc wc hllncf tlwkrf tdc mkturkh wlrhf,

cspcgjkhhy tlwkrf tdc slgjkh ocdkvjlr li kmjekhs, tl umfcrstkmf tdkt wc

krc k spcgjcs jm cvlhutjlmkry trkmsjtjlm kmf tdkt wc krc lut li glmtrlh. Qc

dkvc ilguscf lm scpkrktjma lurschvcs irle kmjekhs, rktdcr tdkm hllnjmakt tdce ks elfchs tdkt dkvc occm elhfcf kmf sdkpcf oy vc dumfrcf

ejhhjlm yckrs li ojt-oy-ojt fcvchlpecmt. Smtjh wc krc kohc tl act lvcr

lurschvcs, wc wjhh prlgccf flwm tdc pktd li k tcgdmlhlay-frjvcm kres

rkgc tdkt eky jm tdc cmf oc bust tdkt2 tdc cmf. Smfcrstkmfjma tdc gle-

elm fcmlejmktlr li duekm ocdkvjlr gluhf, jm tdc cmf, skvc us irle

lur lwm tcgdmlhlay.

Vl tdjmn tdjs wky rcqujrcs dlpc. Jt khsl rcqujrcs k re umfcrstkmf-jma li wdkt dks sdkpcf kmf glmtjmucs, kt slec oksjg hcvch, tl eltjvktc

us tl fl wdkt wc fl.


17/27

*;71 *


Kmf tdkt glecs okgn, kakjm, tl slrtjma lut jmilrektjlm kmf ekn-

jma fcgjsjlms. Lmc li tdc duac glsts li duekm suggcss dks occm

tdc hlss li tdc kojhjty tl kggurktchy glhhcgt kmf kmkhyzc jmilrektjlm.

Ockrs, ks wcvc fjsgusscf, flmt cxpcrjcmgc tdjs skec prlohce. Ji k

ruhc dks occm orlncm, tdcy nmlw wdl orlnc jt kmf dkvc km dlmcst kmf

stkohc systce li bufaecmt kmf pumjsdecmt wjtd wdjgd tl rcsplmf.

Vdcy eknc fcgjsjlms kolut wdcrc tl mf illf, oujhf fcms, kmf ilre

khhjkmgcs okscf lm glmgrctc, rstdkmf jmilrektjlm. K pllr fcgjsjlm

ilr Wqujrty eckms km jeecfjktc hlss li tmcss, wdjgd wluhf fjrcgthy

kiicgt dcr kojhjty tl prleltc dcr lwm acmcs, mlt tl ecmtjlm rjsn dcr

lwm jeecfjktc survjvkh kmf tdc survjvkh li dcr liisprjma. Ockrs flmt

mccf tl slrt lut allf jmilrektjlm irle okf jmilrektjlm. Zct slrtjma

lut allf jmilrektjlm irle okf jmilrektjlm js k blo tdkt glmsuecs khh

duekms tdrluadlut lur hjvcs.

Cvcry fky ks wc eknc dumfrcfs li fcgjsjlms, wc dlpc wc dkvc ekfc

tdc rjadt lmcs. Qc hjvc jm k wlrhf skturktcf wjtd jmilrektjlm. Jmilrek-

tjlm tdkt rccgts lmhy wdkt wc tdjmn wc nmlw, wdkt wc wkmt ltdcrs tl

tdjmn wc nmlw, jmilrektjlm wjtd ojks, jmilrektjlm tdkt sccns tl jmu-

cmgc us, jmilrektjlm eckmt tl fcgcjvc. Wlec li tdjs jmilrektjlm js

glrrcgt kmf slec js jmglrrcgt. Qc ekmjpuhktc tdjs jmilrektjlm, wc twjst

jt tl sujt lur purplsc, wc wrjtc jt flwm ilr tdc rcglrf, wc rum jt tdrluad

htcrs, kmf wc kfdcrc tl strjgt ectdlflhlay kmf try tl stkmfkrfjzc jt ji

wc gkm. Qc prleltc, stufy, rcvcrc, kmf slectjecs rcvjsc lur lwm djs-

tlry. Kt tdc skec tjec, wc hkgn tdc kojhjty tl rcglamjzc allf jmilrektjlmwdcm jt sekgns us jm tdc ikgc. Kt lur vcry ocst wc eknc fcgjsjlms wjtd

tdc lmhy jmilrektjlm wc dkvc kt tdc tjec> litcm wc flmt cxpcrjcmgc tdc

umjmtcmfcf glmscqucmgcs li lur fcgjsjlms umtjh ekmy yckrs hktcr.

Kres glmtrlh eky oc k eckms li prcvcmtjma wkr, out wkrikrc js k

ekmjicstktjlm oy duekmjty li tdc ikjrmcss, bufaecmt, kmf pumjsdecmt

tdkt wlrns sl wchh jm Wqujrtys wlrhf. Ks duekms, wc prkgtjgc aljma tl

wkr mckrhy cvcry fky li lur hjvcs, kmf wc scce tl rchjsd jt. Qc tknc sjfcslm glepctjma jfclhlajcs, lm plhjtjgs, lm splrts, lm cfugktjlm. Vdcrc js

dkrfhy kmy jssuc, irle kmy pkrt li lur hjvcs, ilr wdjgd ml lmc gkm mf km


18/27

*;74 *

Lut lm k Hjeo

lpplsjtc sjfc tl oc lm. Qc gkm oc pkssjlmktc kmf cvcm vlhktjhc wjtd lur

celtjlms. Ks lur plpuhktjlms arcw, sl fjf tdc sjzc li lur glkhjtjlms.

Vdcsc glkhjtjlms gkm kgt ks k sjmahc jmfjvjfukh jm Wqujrtys wlrhf. Glh-

hcgtjvc jfclhlajcs krc ilrecf wjtd tdc ciicgts li glmtkajlm, jejtktjlm,

kmf eutukh jmtcrcst. Glhhcgtjvc bufaecmts kgt lm k glhhcgtjvc elrkh

glepkss tdkt litcm rcsuhts jm glhhcgtjvc kgtjlm. Khh li tdjs gkm kmf dks

hcf us tl wkr.

Vdcrc js k duac kfvkmtkac jm nmlwjma tdkt lur us-vcrsus-tdce

ocdkvjlrs krc jmstjmgt almc wjhf. Qc rckhhy gkmt dchp lurschvcs. Qdcm

J hjstcm tl tdc wlrhf mcws, J scc wdlhc glumtrjcs kgtjma hjnc sgdllh-

gdjhfrcm, phkyjma tdc chkolrktc akec li celtjlmkh gdcss. Ey pljmt js

tdkt ji wc rcglamjzc tdc ikgt tdkt tdjs js dlw wc kgt kmf jt js dlw wc

dkvc kgtcf sjmgc tdc ocajmmjma li tjec, tdcm jt sdluhf oc plssjohc tl

hlln ocylmf tdc fky-tl-fky oktthc kmf mf tdc rllt gkuscs li njmfs li

prlohces tdkt litcm hckf us tl wkr. Ji wc gkm stcp lut li tdc irky kmf

loscrvc, jt js plssjohc tl mf tdc grux li kmy prlohce. Smilrtumktchy,

duekmjty dksmt aurcf tdkt lut yct> tdcrc krc ikr tll ekmy phkycrs,

kmf mlt cmluad loscrvcrs.

Vdcrc js arckt jrlmy jm tdc ikgt tdkt tdc lmhy rckslm J wks kohc tl

fcvchlp tdjs dypltdcsjs kolut ohkgn ockrs ks k elfch li ckrhy slgjkh

ocdkvjlr, kmf grcktc ey lwm ectdlf li krt kmf sgjcmgc, js tdkt fuc tl

k pllr kojhjty tl rckf kmf k djad J[, J wks kohc tl shjp lut li tdc mct

li glmiusjlm tdkt js stkmfkrfjzcf cfugktjlm kmf sgjcmgc. J stjhh hjvc jm

k wlrhf eugd hjnc Wqujrtys, wdcrc ey ocst slurgc li jmilrektjlm jswdkt J ahckm irle loscrvjma kmf cxpcrjcmgjma tdc wlrhf ks jt cxjsts.

Vdc scglmf jrlmy js tdkt ey vljgc eky mcvcr oc dckrf ocgkusc elfcrm

sgjcmgc dks hlst tdc slitwkrc tl lpcm tdjs hc. Wlecwdcrc jm lur pkst

wc ocakm rchyjma lm tdc wrjtjmas li ltdcrs kmf hlst tdc kojhjty tl usc tdc

djad-qukhjty jmilrektjlm lur orkjms wcrc fcsjamcf tl prlgcss.

Qc khsl hlst sjadt li dlw tl gktcr tl lur lwm mccfs wdjhc stjhh ocjma

pkrt li k orlkf, bust slgjkh mctwlrn. Vdc jmfcpcmfcmt spjrjt tdkt js stjhhrcvcrcf jm tdjs glumtry js bust tdktk spjrjt. Jmfcpcmfcmgc js k stktc

wdcrc gllpcrktjlm js ml hlmacr rcqujrcf> jm ltdcr wlrfs, jts k stktc


19/27

*;7: *


kgdjcvcf wdcm lmc gkm kiilrf k slhjtkry cxjstcmgc. Qdjhc Wqujrty js

litcm oy dcrschi, dcr survjvkh fcpcmfs lm kggcss tl rcslurgcs jm krcks

lggupjcf oy ltdcr ockrs. Vdus sdc dks tl oc gkrciuh dlw sdc trckts

strkmacrs wdlsc ikvlr eky kt slec tjec oc mccfcf. Vdcrc wjhh oc ekmy

tjecs jm dcr hjic wdcrc dcr tmcss wjhh oc kt tdc ecrgy li tdcsc strkmacrs.

Qc khh kt slec pljmt wjsd tl oc ircc li slgjkh prcssurc. Pclphc act

upsct wdcm sleclmc mlscs jmtl tdcjr ousjmcss, pksscs km lrfjmkmgc

lr hkw tdkt jmtrufcs lm tdcjr hjicstyhc, lr ilrgcs tdce tl pky tkxcs

wdcm tdcy flmt karcc wjtd dlw tdc elmcy js spcmt. Jm ikgt, tdcrc js

hjtthc wc gkm fl wjtdlut rkjsjma tdc glmgcrm li ltdcrs. Qdy flcsmt

cvcryolfy bust ejmf djs lr dcr lwm ousjmcss< Vdc kmswcr tl tdkt hjcs

kakjm jm Wqujrtys slgjkh ocdkvjlr. Jt js km kmswcr lhfcr tdkm tdc fkwm

li ekm. Khh li tdcsc jmglmvcmjcmgcs krc tdc prjgc wc pky ilr rcgcjv-

jma sdkrcf rcslurgcs. _cgcjvjma sdkrcf rcslurgcs lr ocmctjma irle

gllpcrktjlm js tdc rckslm wdy wc krc mjgc tl lmc kmltdcr2 Qc gkmt

kiilrf mlt tl oc.

Vdcrc krc slec wdl icch tdcy krc kolvc tdc hkw, ltdcrs wdl icch

tdcy lmhy mccf tl glephy wjtd tdc hkw, kmf elrc stjhh wdl krc aujfcf

oy rchjajlm, out jm tdc cmf jt wjhh oc tdc ilrgcs li mkturc tdkt wjhh fcmc

lur olumfkrjcs. Vdc sjephc rckhjty js tdkt wc gkm rum irle tdc pclphc

wc gllpcrktc wjtd, out wc gkmmlt djfc. Qc krc fcstjmcf ilr arcktcr kmf

arcktcr slgjkh glmtrlh kmf k glrrcsplmfjma hlss li jmfcpcmfcmgc ks lur

plpuhktjlms glmtjmuc tl cxpcrjcmgc arlwtd. Jt ekttcrs hjtthc ji tdc plpu-

hktjlm kt dkmf js k hlgkh plpuhktjlm lr lmc lm tdc wlrhf stkac2 Arlwtdjm plpuhktjlm eckms lur irccfles wjhh suiicr ks tdc fcpcmfcmgc lm lmc

kmltdcr arlws. Jt js jmtcrcstjma tdkt wc krc olrm wjtd km jmfcpcmfcmt

spjrjt kmf tdkt ckgd li us dks tl hckrm tdcsc rckhjtjcs.

Cvjfcmgc li tdjs trcmf cxjsts tdrluadlut tdc Smjtcf Wtktcs kmf tdc

wlrhf, oltd jm lur djstlry kmf jm elfcrm tjecs. Qc skw k spkrschy

plpuhktcf Kecrjgk elvc irle tdc hkwhcssmcss li tdc Lhf Qcst tl tdc

elrc slgjkhhy glmtrlhhcf sekhh-tlwm Kecrjgk tl tdc djadhy glmtrlhhcfoja gjtykhh ks plpuhktjlm fcmsjty jmgrckscf kmf ckgd pcrslms mueocr

li gllpcrktlrs euhtjphjcf.


20/27

*;60 *

Lut lm k Hjeo

Gluhf duekmnjmf cxphkjm jts cmtjrc trkmsjtjlm irle jts ckrhy

ilres, wdcm lur jmfjvjfukh cxjstcmgc wks glmtrlhhcf wjtd schcgtjvc

ilrgcs li mkturc, tl tdc supcr-lrakmjse tdkt wc krc tlfky oy kmk-

hyzjma tdc fymkejg gdkmacs jm slgjkh glmtrlh tdkt wcrc rcqujrcf tl

ekmkac tdc rkpjf arlwtd kmf fcmsjty li lur duekm plpuhktjlm< J

ochjcvc wc hjnchy gkm.

Lur djstlry dks rcglrfcf arckt suggcss, arckt ikjhurc, kmf ekmy

umjmtcmfcf glmscqucmgcs ilr lur kgtjlms. Qjtd lur cxpkmfjma wckhtd

kmf prlspcrjty, wc dkvc tkncm tdc rcsplmsjojhjty ilr survjvkh kwky irle

tdc jmfjvjfukh kmf oct tdc iuturc li tdc duekm rkgc lm tdc glhhcgtjvc

wjsfle li duekmjty.

Ji wc umfcrstkmf tdc glmfjtjlms tdkt dkvc hcf tl gllpcrktjlm,

khtrujse, kmf allfmcss kmf tdc glrrcsplmfjma prlohces li ikjrmcss,

bufaecmt, kmf pumjsdecmt jm tdc ockr wlrhf, kmf ji wc umfcrstkmf tdkt

tdc allf glecs wjtd tdc okf mkturkhhy, wc wjhh dkvc k ikr cksjcr tjec

umfcrstkmfjma wdy duekms gkm oc kmf dkvc occm sl gruch. Qc lmhy

mccf tl hlln kt k stkohc slgjcty tdkt dks khh tdc chcecmts li lur lwm tl

mf k oksjs tl umfcrstkmf lur lwm slgjcty.

Qdjhc tdc slgjkh ocdkvjlr li tdc ohkgn ockr ekncs k allf elfch ilr km

umfcrstkmfjma li tdc lrjajms li gllpcrktjlm, khtrujse, elrkhjty, pumjsd-

ecmt, trkfc, kmf hkmaukac, jt js mcgcsskry tl rcturm tl tdc tllheknjmaocdkvjlr li tdc arckt kpcs, prjekrjhy tdc gdjepkmzcc, ilr k elfch li tdc

lrjajm li tdc tcgdmlhlajgkh kfvkmgcs tdkt prlpchhcf us lm tdc wjhf rjfc

li duekmjty. Jt wks cmvjrlmecmtkh kmf cvlhutjlmkry gjrguestkmgc tdkt

gleojmcf tdc ocdkvjlrs tdkt cxjst jmfcpcmfcmthy jm tdc gdjepkmzcc kmf

tdc ohkgn ockr jmtl lmc spcgjcs, tdc duekm.

Jt sdluhf mlt oc k surprjsc tl kmylmc tdkt k prjejtjvc elfch ilr

duekm slgjkh ocdkvjlr flcs mlt cxjst jm prjektcs ocgkusc jt dks rumjts glursc jm tdc duekm prjektc. Vdc prjektcs tdkt cxjst tlfky khh dkvc

slgjkh ocdkvjlrs tdkt khhlw tdce tl kggcss tdcjr rcslurgcs wjtd stkohc


21/27

*;6; *


arlups (wjtd tdc plssjohc cxgcptjlm li tdc lrkmautkm). Vllh usc dks

fcvchlpcf jm prjektcs tl slhvc prlohces tdkt tdcy wcrc mlt pdysjlhlaj-

gkhhy kfkptcf tl slhvc khlmc. Out cvcm tdluad tdcy usc tllhs, tdcjr stkohc

arlup slgjkh ocdkvjlr eky dkvc hjejtcf kmy iurtdcr cvlhutjlm.

Vdc ohkgn ockr, kgglrfjma tl ey elfch, dks tdc slgjkh ocdkvjlr tdkt

ejadt prlpch k gdjepkmzcc-hjnc grckturc jmtl tdc umstkohc glursc tdkt

ekm dks tkncm. Out tdc spcgjcs rcekjms stkohc fuc tl kfcquktc pdysj-

lhlajgkh kfkptktjlms kmf gleeumjgktjvc snjhhs.

Hcts glmsjfcr tdrcc oja jis2 Ji ockrs wcrc mlt sl pdysjlhlajgkhhy t

ilr tdcjr cmvjrlmecmt> ji tdcy dkf tdc gdjepkmzccs mccf kmf kojhjty

tl kfkpt oy usjma tllhs> kmf ji tdc ciicgt li tdkt kfkptktjlm gkuscf k

sjamjgkmt jmgrcksc jm lvcrkhh tmcss, tdcm tdcjr slgjkh ocdkvjlr ejadt

put tdce lm k pkrkhhch glursc wjtd duekms. Vllh usc dks khhlwcf gdje-

pkmzccs tl kfkpt tl mcw sjtuktjlms, out tdcjr slgjkh ocdkvjlr hjejts tdc

fcvchlpecmt kmf sprckf li guhturkh kfvkmgcs.

Gurrcmt sgjcmtjg tdclry suaacsts tdkt ekm cvlhvcf irle tdc slgjkh-

arlup-ilrejma gdjepkmzcc. Ey elfch pljmts tl k pltcmtjkhhy ckrhjcr

orkmgdjma li tdc cvlhutjlmkry trccsuaacstjma tdkt jt js elrc hjnchy tdkt

tdc gdjepkmzcc cvlhvcf irle k prcdjstlrjg duekm rchktjvc tdkt khrckfy

dkf k illf-sdkrjma slgjkh ocdkvjlr sjejhkr tl tdkt li k ohkgn ockr. Ockrs

dkvc tdc skec jmfcpcmfcmt spjrjt tdkt cxjsts jm duekms. Vdcy hkgn tdc

arllejma, ocaajma, kmf arlvchjma ocdkvjlr tdkt cxjsts jm arlup slgj-

ctjcs hjnc tdkt li gdjeps. Wqujrtys fcsjrc tl flejmktc dcr rcslurgcs

prlvjfcs k allf cxphkmktjlm ilr wdy duekm slgjctjcs dkvc fcvchlpcfjm ekmy ilres irle prjejtjvc tl elfcrm. Kitcr khh, jt js stjhh tdc fjstrj-

outjlm kmf fcekmf ilr rcslurgcs tdkt fjgtktcs oltd kmjekh kmf duekm

slgjkh ocdkvjlr.

Wl hcts put jt khh tlactdcr. Vdc cvlhutjlmkry suggcss li duekms

fcpcmfcf lm tdc mccf kmf kojhjty tl eknc tllhs, wdjgd hcf tl km jmgrcksc

jm lvcrkhh tmcss kmf k slgjkh ocdkvjlr tdkt wks fymkejg cmluad tl tknc

kfvkmtkac li tdjs jmgrcksc jm tmcss. Vdc rcsuht li tdjs gleojmktjlmorluadt lm km csgkhktjlm li schi-iuhhhjma gdkmac. Mlt lmhy wks tdcrc

km csgkhktjlm li prlohces tl slhvc, oltd slgjkhhy kmf tcgdmlhlajgkhhy,


22/27

*;6? *

Lut lm k Hjeo

out tdcrc wluhf oc km jmgrcksjma mueocr li pclphc tl slhvc tdce. Ks

hlma ks illf kmf ltdcr vjtkh rcslurgcs krc kvkjhkohc tl ekjmtkjm tdcsc

glmfjtjlms, duekms wjhh glmtjmuc tl kfkpt kmf gdkmac slgjkhhy kt km cvl-

hutjlmkry wkrp spccf. Li glursc, tdc jmvcrsc js truc ks wchh. Eckmwdjhc,

tdc ockrs wjhh oc ockrs kmf tdc gdjeps wjhh oc gdjeps.

Kpphyjma km umfcrstkmfjma li dlw tdjs rumkwky ircjadt trkjm li

duekmjty alt jts stkrt khsl ajvcs ec ghucs tl cxphkjm lur rcglrfcf djs-

tlrykmf ji Je hugny, pcrdkps jt wjhh rcvckh k glursc li cvcmts tdkt gluhf

act tdjs trkjm umfcr glmtrlh.

Jm ey ejmf, km umfcrstkmfjma li wdkt duekm jmstjmgt js wjhh oc tdc

ncy tl umrkvchjma tdc guhturkh glmjgts tdkt flejmktc lur wlrhf. K

oksjg umfcrstkmfjma li tdc oujht-jm ilrgcs tdkt dkvc frjvcm us irle tdc

ocajmmjma li tjec gluhf khhlw us tl stcp lutsjfc lur prcscmt sjtuktjlm

kmf umfcrstkmf jt ilr wdkt jt truhy js. Ji wc nmlw tdkt tdc ocdkvjlr tdkt

dks frjvcm cvcry pcrslm lm ckrtd dks k gleelm fcmlejmktlr, tdcm wc

gluhf prcfjgt kgtjlms kmf rckgtjlms, khhlwjma ilr rckslmkohc slhutjlms

tl rchjajlus kmf guhturkh prlohces. Qc ejadt umfcrstkmf tdkt wc khh alt

tl wdcrc wc krc ocgkusc tdkt js sjephy tdc mkturc li lur ockst. Qc dkvc

hjnchy occm suggcssiuhhy lut li glmtrlh sjmgc tdc ocajmmjma li duekmjty.

Kmf wc ejadt usc tdkt nmlwhcfac tl spjm okgn jmtl glmtrlh.

Jm ltdcr wlrfs, wdcm wc umfcrstkmf lur ocdkvjlr jm jts sjephcst

stktc, wc wjhh dkvc k eugd octtcr oksjs tl umfcrstkmf duekm ocdkvjlr jm

khh jts glephcxjtyks jt dks cvlhvcf lvcr tjec.

Jt js khsl dchpiuh tl umfcrstkmf tdkt kmy lrakmjse wjhh fcvchlp jmwkys tdkt ocst scrvc jts lwm jmtcrcsts kmf tdkt li jts rchktjvcs. Vdkt

schi-jmtcrcst wjhh oc hjejtcf lmhy oy tdc kvkjhkojhjty li rcslurgcs kmf tdc

kojhjty tl rcprlfugc. Qjtd k hlw plpuhktjlm fcmsjty kmf km koumfkmgc

li hlw-qukhjty illf, km lrakmjse gkm oc slhjtkry, hjnc tdc pkmfk. Qjtd km

koumfkmgc li djad-qukhjty rcslurgcs tdkt gkm oc flejmktcf, k slgjcty

li ghlsc rchktjvcs gkm fcvchlp, ks wc scc jm slgjkh jmscgts hjnc hckiguttcr

kmts. Jm cvlhutjlmkry tcres, k spcgjcs flcsmt cxdjojt khtrujse umtjh jtdks tlsugd ks wdcm jt js ikgcf wjtd k djadhy jrrcauhkr illf supphy kmf

ilrgcf oy gjrguestkmgc tl sdkrc sdlrt-tcre surphuscs.


23/27

*;67 *


Jm ey vjcw, cvlhutjlm js mltdjma elrc tdkm tdc rcsuhts li eknjma

sjephc fcgjsjlms ks glrrcgthy ks plssjohc. Vdc fcgjsjlms gkm oc ekfc

cjtdcr glamjtjvchy lr pdysjgkhhy. Jt js tll cksy tl tdjmn, ks duekms, tdkt

wc dkvc grcktcf supcrjlr ectdlfs ocgkusc li lur suggcss. Jm tcres li

cvlhutjlm, tdc ocst fcgjsjlms krc ekfc umfcr tdc prcssurc li survjvkh.

Fuc tl lur surphus rcslurgcs, wc, ks jmfjvjfukhs, ml hlmacr dkvc tdkt

prcssurc, out lur spcgjcs flcs.

Djstlrjgkhhy, duekms dkvc ekfc fcgjsjlms wjtd lmhy tdc jmilrek-

tjlm kvkjhkohc kt tdc tjec. Ekmy li tdcsc fcgjsjlms wcrc ekfc tl

octtcr tdc duekm glmfjtjlm, lr tl ekjmtkjm k surphus kt tdc tjec tdc

fcgjsjlm wks ekfc. Out ks wc nmlw, tdc ciicgts li tdc umnmlwm eknc

jt umhjnchy tdkt fcgjsjlms ekfc jm lur pkst wjhh scrvc tdc glmfjtjlms

li tdc iuturc. Vl umfcrstkmf tdjs, wc dkvc lmhy tl glmsjfcr tdc glm-

scqucmgcs li lur fcgjsjlms tl rum tdc wlrhf lm ilssjh iuchs, lr tl usc

djad-tcgd vcsschs tl sglur tdc scks tl put elrc sd lm lur fjmmcr

phktcs, lr tl kfvkmgc jmfustry tdrluad tdc usc li fckfhy tlxjms. Vdc

hjst gluhf al lm.

Lur kwcf fcgjsjlm-eknjma prlgcss js glephjgktcf iurtdcr lmgc

wc tdrlw jm kmltdcr prjekh ocdkvjlrkh trkjt tdkt, jm jts sjephcst ilre,

khsl hckfs tl suggcss2 jejtktjlm. Ilr wjhf kmjekhs, jejtktjlm js k plw-

criuh kspcgt li tdc hckrmjma prlgcss. Ockrs gkm hckrm irle kmf ejejg

tdc cxpcrjcmgc li ltdcrs tl rchjkohy kmf rkpjfhy hckrm dlw tl usc tdcjr

cmvjrlmecmt. Vdc prcssurcs li schcgtjlm cmsurc tdc kggurkgy li tdc

jmilrektjlm tdkt js pksscf. Ks duekms, wc stjhh hckrm irle jejtktjlm,out umilrtumktchy ks schcgtjlm prcssurcs dkvc swjtgdcf irle tdc

jmfjvjfukh tl tdc spcgjcs, tdc jmilrektjlm pksscf khlma jm tdjs wky

js ml hlmacr rchjkohc. Zct jmstjmgtjvchy wc trckt jt ks rchjkohc, kmf wc

rcsjst gdkmac.

Ltdcr kspcgts li duekm ocdkvjlr khsl pljmt tl tdc ikgt tdkt, lm km

jmfjvjfukh hcvch, wcvc hlst tlugd wjtd slec li lur ckrhjcst cvlhutjlm-

kry prlepts. Jt dks occm jmtcrcstjma tl cxpcrjcmgc ockrs kwkrcmcss liceltjlmkh gleeumjgktjlm kmf tdcjr kojhjty tl usc jmtcmtjlmkh gleeumj-

gktjlm tl ekmjpuhktc tdc ocdkvjlr li ltdcrs. Pclphc, lm tdc ltdcr dkmf,


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Lut lm k Hjeo

litcm scce rchktjvchy umkwkrc li tdcjr lwm celtjlmkh gleeumjgktjlm

fcspjtc tdc ikgt tdkt jt rcekjms lur elst gleelm elfc li acttjma lur

pljmt kgrlss, kmf wc usc jt cvcry fky. Zct wc krc glmsjfcrcf schi-kwkrc

kmf oy elst kgglumtjmas ockrs, kmf ltdcr mlmduekm kmjekhs, krc mlt.

Zcs, wc gkm tkhn kolut lurschvcs, yct wc dkvc hlst tdc kojhjty, jm ekmy

gkscs, tl glmsgjlushy rcsplmf kmf jmtcmtjlmkhhy glmtrlh lur celtjlmkh

rcsplmscs tl ekmkac lur lwm celtjlmkh sjtuktjlms.

Vdcrc krc cmfhcss cxkephcs li tdjs hlst jmstjmgt. K plhjgc ligcr gkm

act frkwm jm celtjlmkhhy oy tdc jmfjvjfukh dc lr sdc js tryjma tl krrcst

kmf, ks k rcsuht, kgt celtjlmkhhy rktdcr tdkm glamjtjvchy. Qdcm wc krauc

wjtd lur pkrtmcrs kmf spluscs, tdc celtjlmkh oktthc frkws lut wjtd hjtthc

glamjtjvc umfcrstkmfjma lr ekmkacecmt. Jm plhjtjgs, wdlhc pkrtjcs kmf

cvcm wdlhc glumtrjcs gkm act frkwm jmtl celtjlmkh sjtuktjlms wjtd ml

truc umfcrstkmfjma li wdkt tdcy krc ocjma frkwm jmtl.

Qdy krc wc sl vuhmcrkohc tl ocjma fupcf celtjlmkhhy< Jts ocgkusc

lur celtjlmkh systces cvlhvcf, lvcr tdc glursc li tjec, tl iumgtjlm wjtd

djad-qukhjty rstdkmf jmilrektjlmqujtc umhjnc tdc njmf li jmilrektjlm

wc litcm cmglumtcr.

Ollns, krtjghcs, flguecmtkrjcs, kmf elrc khh hlvc tl prloc tdc qucstjlm

li dlw gllpcrktjlm kmf khtrujse ocakm jm duekms. Jt jshjnc tdc kfvcmt

li hkmaukac lr lur usc li syeolhslmc li tdc tdjmas tdkt pcrphcxcs kmfjmtrjaucs us. Vdc kmswcr, tdluad, kppckrs tl oc tdkt gllpcrktjlm kmf

khtrujse fjfmt ocajm jm duekms kt khh. Vdcsc trkjts cxjstcf, hjnchy,

hlma ocilrc tdc rst dlejmjm sct illt lm tdjs ckrtd, orluadt lm oy k

sjephc cxtcmsjlm li schsdmcss jm k hkmfsgkpc rjic wjtd illf surphuscs

dcrc kmf sdlrtkacs tdcrc. Jt wks hkumgdcf oy k scmtjecmt ks sjephc

ks Vdjs js ejmc, out J wlmt al kitcr ylu ji ylu tknc jt ocgkusc J dkvc

khh J mccf. Kmf ks glepctjtjlm ilr rcslurgcs jmgrckscf, tdc ecsskacgdkmacf2 Zlu gkm tknc ey surphus, out lm tdc glmfjtjlm tdkt wdcm Je

jm ylur plsjtjlm ylu sdkrc wjtd ec.


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Ohkgn ockrs gkm prlvjfc km cxgchhcmt prcscmt-fky elfch tl cxphlrc

tdc prjekh chcecmts li tdjs njmf li slgjkh cxgdkmac. Out cvcm tdcm

eystcrjcs wjhh rcekjm ks wc ocajm tl prloc tdc lrjajms li tdc ockrs

ocdkvjlrslectdjma tdkt khsl hjnchy gkm trkgc jts rllts okgn ejhhjlms

li yckrs.


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27/27

G d k p t c r C j a d t

Irle Ohkgn Ockrstl Ajkmt Pkmfks

Qdcm J prcscmtcf ey rst kgglumts li ockr ocdkvjlr, sgjcm-

tjsts fjfmt wkmt tl tlugd ey mfjmas wjtd k tcm-illt plhc.

Vdcy gluhfmt act pkst ey glmtrlvcrsjkh ectdlfs. Vdc

pkgnkajma wksmt bust rjadt, cjtdcr> ey loscrvktjlms wcrcmt puohjsdcf

jm k pccr-rcvjcwcf sgjcmtjg blurmkh, kmf mlolfy chsc wks fljma tdjs

njmf li rcsckrgd lm ockrs li kmy njmf, sl jt wks dkrf tl mf k sgjcmtjst

qukhjcf tl fjsguss jt. Vdcrc krc hlts li pclphc fljma tdjs njmf li wlrn

lm kpcs kmf elmncys, out tdcy gkmt spckn tl ockr ocdkvjlr. Kmf tdcrc

krc phcmty li ockr cxpcrts lut tdcrc, tll, out elst li tdce krc wjhfhjic

ojlhlajsts wdl dkvc mcvcr tkncm ockr ocdkvjlr vcry scrjlushy, khtdluad

J nmlw ekmy li tdce dkvc slec vcry strlma lpjmjlms. Vdcjr spcgjkhtjcs

jmghufc plpuhktjlm fymkejgs, ekmkacecmt, kmf cglhlay. Wuobcgts li

ocdkvjlr jmghufjma ockr mujskmgc prlohces kmf ockrduekm jmtcr-

kgtjlms dkvc typjgkhhy occm trcktcf rckgtjvchy kmf wjtd vcry duekmtcgdmjqucshjnc grkgncr sdchhs kmf ockr sprky.

out on a limb: chapter 7

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