O S M – Prof. Rajesh Satpathy

Five primary functions of Management:

Planning:Planning is the outlining of a future course of action by deciding objectives and formulating the policies and procedures for achieving the objectives.

It is the ongoing process of developing the mission and objectives of the business and determining how they can be accomplished. Planning includes both the broadest view of the organization, e.g., its mission, and the narrowest, e.g., a tactic for accomplishing a specific goal.

The organizing, staffing, directing and controlling functions stem from the planning function.

Primary Functions of Management

Organizing:

Organizing is the determination of activities to achieve the objectives, assigning the activities to a group of people and get the activities carried out successfully through effective coordination.

It is the process of establishing the internal organizational structure of the organization. The focus is on division, coordination, and control of tasks and the flow of information within the organization.

It is in this function that managers distribute authority to job holders.

Primary Functions of Management

Staffing:

In this step the Managers assess the staff requirement to achieve the objectives and arrange to recruit and train the staff. Staffing is filling and keeping filled with qualified people all positions in the business.

Recruiting, hiring, training, evaluating and compensating are the specific activities included in the function. In the family business, staffing includes all paid and unpaid positions held by family members including the owner/operators.

Primary Functions of Management

Directing:

Directing is influencing people's behavior through motivation, communication, group dynamics, leadership and discipline.

The purpose of directing is to channel the behavior of all personnel to accomplish the organization's mission and objectives while simultaneously helping them accomplish their own career objectives

Primary Functions of Management

Controlling:

Controlling is the process by which it is ensured that the activities are being carried out in accordance with the approved policy and procedure.

It is a four-step process of establishing performance standards based on the firm's objectives, measuring and reporting actual performance, comparing the two, and taking corrective or preventive action as necessary.

Primary Functions of Management

Levels of Management

Management PyramidThe above diagram also indicates that the number of managers will be

lesser as the levels go up in the pyramid.

Levels of Management

Management is basically a pyramid like structure with following three major levels (normally):

Top Level - Policy and final decision making authorities. For example, Chairman, Managing Director, Chief Executive Officer, Board of Directors etc.

Middle level Management - In most organizations the middle level may have more than one level. For example, departmental/regional/zonal heads.

Front-line Management - Entry level in the management.

Levels of Management

>> Find out at least three more different definitions of Management.

>> Find out the characteristics of a pure science subject and establish why management is called a near-science subject.

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