osd ddre nai national security workforceproceedings.ndia.org/space_division/nai_workforce.pdf ·...
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Ron SegaRon SegaDirector of Defense Research & Engineering
March 31, 2004
National Aerospace Initiative (NAI) and National Security Workforce
National Aerospace Initiative (NAI) National Aerospace Initiative (NAI) and and National Security WorkforceNational Security Workforce
National Space Symposium
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Overview
• U.S. Science and Engineering Workforce• Summary
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National Security WorkforceNational Security WorkforceNational Security Workforce
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1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 Total S&Es 48.0% 47.6% 47.6% 46.6% 45.8% All sci 28.8% 28.6% 28.8% 28.0% 27.4% Comp/Math sci 54.0% 51.6% 50.4% 48.8% 47.6% Life sci 10.8% 11.7% 12.0% 12.2% 12.0% Physical sci 29.4% 29.2% 30.2% 28.2% 27.5% Social sci 21.2% 21.6% 21.7% 21.9% 21.4% All eng 67.1% 67.2% 67.7% 67.3% 67.0% Aerospace 46.3% 45.5% 46.7% 46.7% 45.2% Chemical 59.5% 59.6% 62.1% 61.3% 60.8% Civil 59.7% 61.3% 62.1% 62.1% 61.8% EE&Comp 79.0% 79.4% 79.9% 79.4% 79.4% Industrial 86.0% 85.2% 84.8% 83.8% 82.4% Mechanical 88.1% 88.2% 88.5% 88.2% 88.2% Other eng 54.3% 54.0% 54.5% 54.5% 54.7%
Source: Pre-release - OPM data for NSF pub, Table B-14. Federal scientists and engineers, by agency and major occupational group: 1994-1998
DoD S&E as % of Fed Workforce
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AeronauticalAstronauticalElectrical EngineeringMechanical EngineeringMetallurgy & MaterialsCivil EngineeringAll EngineeringMathematics Computer Science
All Fields of ResearchSource: Federal Funds for R&D, NSF Report #02-321 updated 8/02/02, KT
Univ.Research
52%52%28%28%68%68%67%67%37%37%14%14%33%33%14% 14% 37%37%
7%7%
Univ.Applied
71%71%3%68%68%72%72%59%59%20%36%36%15% 88%
8%
Univ.Basic37%37%90%90%69%69%67%67%33%33%11%11%32%32%14% 14% 12%12%
7%7%
FedTotal38%38%14%14%81%81%71%71%36%36%35%35%39%39%15% 15% 35%35%
13%13%
DoD Percent of Federal ResearchBasic and Applied Research (FY00)
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Overall S&E Demand Projections 2000-2010From “Occupational Outlook Handbook” Bureau of Labor Statistics
Projected growth in S&E DemandDoD Defense-Related Disciplines
10%Physics10-20%Chemistry/Materials Science
-1%Mathematics0-2%Nuclear Engineering
10-20%Mechanical Engineering3-9%Materials Engineering3-9%Industrial Engineering
10-20%Electrical & Electronic Engineering36%Computer Software Engineering
21-35%Computer Hardware Engineering3-9%Chemical Engineering
10-20%Aerospace Engineering
Table VII
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Source: American Physical Society - APS News August/September 2000 -
PhysicalReview
&PhysicalReviewLetters
TotalSubmissions
Physical Review Trends
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U.S. College and University Graduates, 1966-2001
Degrees, all fields
S&E Degrees (excluding Engr Tech and Health/Med Sci)
U.S. Production of S&E Graduates*
*Source: Data provided by the NSF, September 2003
0.0
0.5
1.0
1.5
1966 1971 1976 1981 1986 1991 1996 2001
Academic year ending in . . .
Bac
cala
urea
tes
(Mill
ions
)
1994 2001
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U.S. University Trends in Defense-Related S&E Graduate Student Enrollment (1994-2001)
-2000
3000
8000
13000
18000
23000Science Disciplines
Aliens with Temporary Visas
U.S. Citizens + Permanent Resident Aliens
U.S. Citizen8 Yr. Delta
-27.2%
-9.9%
-25.3%
+14.1%
Phys
ics
Che
mis
try
Mat
h/A
pplie
d
Com
pute
r Sci
.
Physics
Chemistry
Math/Applied
Computer Sciences
Physics
Chemistry
Math/Applied
Computer Sciences
1994 / 2001
Phys
ics
Che
mis
try
Mat
h/A
pplie
d
Com
pute
r Sci
.
Table I-2NSF Data
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U.S. University Trends in Defense-Related S&EGraduate Student Enrollment (1994-2001)
-5000
0
5000
10000
15000
20000Engineering Disciplines
U.S. Citizens + Perm.Resident Aliens
U.S. Citizen8 Yr. Delta
Aliens with Temporary Visas
-26.2%
-18.9%
-21.7%
-33.0%
-32.1%
-29.7%
-24.7%
-49.1%
Aer
ospa
ce
Che
mic
al
Elec
tric
alEn
gine
erin
gSc
ienc
esIn
dust
rial/
Mfg
.M
echa
nica
l
Met
allu
rgy/
Mat
eria
ls
Nuc
lear
Aer
ospa
ce
Che
mic
al
Elec
tric
al
Engi
neer
ing
Scie
nces
Indu
stria
l/M
fg.
Mec
hani
cal
Met
allu
rgy/
Mat
eria
ls
Nuc
lear
Aerospace
Chemical
Electrical
Engineering Science
Industrial/Manufacturing
Mechanical
Metallurgical/Materials
Nuclear
Aerospace
Chemical
Electrical
Engineering Science
Industrial/Manufacturing
Mechanical
Metallurgical/Materials
Nuclear
1994 / 2001
Table IIINSF Data
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U.S. Engineering PhD’s Awarded
2,000
2,500
3,000
3,500
4,000
4,500
5,000
5,500
6,000
6,500
7,000
1992 15-Jun 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001
S&E (Produced in US) S&E (US Cit)
*Source: Data provided by the NSF, September 2002
19942001
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U.S. S&E Ph.D Production Trends (1994-2001)
-5,000
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
All U.S. S&E Discipline Doctoral Production U.S. Citizen U.S. Citizen
8 Yr. DeltaTotal
Engineering
Science
Physical-Science
Defense-related Phys. Sci.
Defense-related Eng.
Engineering
Science
Physical-Science
Defense-related Phys. Sci.
Defense-related Eng.
1994 / 2001
-3.3%
-0.2%
-1.9%
-14.7%
-4.6%
Engi
neer
ing
Scie
nce
Def
-rel
ated
Phys
. Sci
.
Def
-rel
ated
Engi
neer
ing
Phys
ical
-Sc
ienc
e
Engi
neer
ing
Scie
nce
Def
-rel
ated
Phys
. Sci
.
Def
-rel
ated
Engi
neer
ing
Phys
ical
-Sc
ienc
e
Table IVNSF Data
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U.S. S&E Ph.D. Production Trends (1994-2001)
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500Annual U.S. Defense-Related Physical Science Production
Total U.S. Citizens U.S. Citizen8 Yr. Delta
Physics
Chemistry
Math
Computer Sciences
Physics
Chemistry
Math
Computer Sciences
1994 / 2001
-23.7%
-12.7%
-6.9%
-13.8%
Phys
ics
Che
mis
try
Mat
h
Com
pute
rSc
ienc
es
Phys
ics
Che
mis
try
Mat
h
Com
pute
rSc
ienc
es
Table VNSF Data
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U.S. S&E Ph.D. Production Trends (1994-2001)
-500
0
500
1000
1500
2000U.S. Defense-Related Engineering Disciplines Doctoral Production
-14.5%
U.S. Citizens U.S. Citizen8 Yr. Delta
Aero/Astro.
Chemical
Electrical
Industrial
Mater./Metal.
Mechanical
Other (nuclear, et al)
Aero/Astro.
Chemical
Electrical
Industrial
Mater./Metal.
Mechanical
Other (nuclear, et al)
1994 / 2001
+12%
-26.7%
-19.1%
-7.3%
+7.2%
+20.1%
Total
Aer
o/A
stro
Che
mic
al
Elec
tric
al
Indu
stria
l
Mat
er/M
etal
Mec
hani
cal
Oth
er
Aer
o/A
stro
Che
mic
al
Elec
tric
al
Indu
stria
l
Mat
er/M
etal
Mec
hani
cal
Oth
er
Table VINSF Data
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ElementarySchool Level
MiddleSchool Level
SecondarySchool Level
UndergradLevel
GraduateLevel
Existing DoD Outreach and Education Programs
• STARBASE• e-Cybermission• Others
• Materials World Modules (MWM)
• Service Progs.• *Modeling &
Simulation-Based Math
• *Others TBD (BEST)• *DoD SecondarySchool Interns(TBD)
• Undergrad Research
• Freshman ScienceExperience
• Service Progs.• *Modeling &
Simulation-Based Math
•*DoD Undergrad
Interns (TBD)
• NationalDefense
Science and Engineering Graduate Fellowships
• Service Progs.• *Graduate
Research Traineeships
• *DoD GraduateInterns (TBD)
DoD Education Initiatives
No Child Left Behind
*Exploring
• STARBASE • Mentor/Volunteer• Summer Camps• Others
Math, Science & Engineering:National Security and the Workforce
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Materials World Modules
Kindles interest in science and engineering and instills passion for discovery
• Modules in use
“Integrated” multidisciplinary approach to Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Environmental Science and Geoscience using “materials as a paradigm”
• Adopted by DoD Education Activity in 13 overseas school districts in Fall ’00
Math, Science & Engineering: National Security and the Workforce
Ceramics
Polymers
Smart Sensors
Nanotechnology
Surfaces and Membranes
Biodegradable Materials
Biosensors
Food Packaging Materials
Environmental Catalysis
Metals and Alloys
Composites
Concrete
Sports Materials
• Modules in test• Modules in design
Materials World Module Content
• Adopted in over 500 US schools in 14 states
Deployment Based Considerations of MWM Use:
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• Supports Army’s intent “to give back to the Nation”• Attracts an audience of children beyond math/science “stars”• Web-based adventure: team competition activities, games, puzzles with
solid learning points • Overview
• Web Based Competition – Team Effort• 6-9th Grade, 3-4 Student Teams + 1 Advisor• $500K in Prizes, ($2K-$5K/Team Member) Regional and National
eCYBERMISSIONShows Students that Math, Science and Technology can be
interesting and exciting
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STARBASE
• Primarily At-Risk kids• 20 Classroom Hour experience
at DoD bases • 45+ sites in
28 states• Engaging
Scienceand Mathematics
• Grades 5-8
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U.S. Science and Engineering (S&E) is critical for Defense Transformation
Significant reduction in DoD S&Es over the last decade
More DoD S&Es nearing retirement
U.S. citizens are required in many DoD applications
U.S. S&E workforce is an issue of National Security
Summary