osa modernization of the synchronization network perry.pdf · 2018-10-19 · 1212 © 2018 adva...

OSA Modernization of the Synchronization Network

Chuck Perry

© 2018 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.22 © 2018 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.22

Headquarter

Office

Representative

Atlanta

York

Munich

Meiningen

Shenzhen

Singapore

Gdynia

Neuchâtel

Application and technology expertise close to our customers

ADVA Optical Networking Today

Helsinki

Tel Aviv

Our NUMBERS

>500 million revenue

>1,700 employees1

Our CUSTOMERS

Hundreds of carriers

Thousands of enterprises


Oscilloquartz at a Glance

Member of the ADVA Optical Networking Group

Focused offerings for communications, government and enterprise sync

applications since 1949

Longstanding relationship with customers worldwide

• Around 100 sync focused partners in about 80 countries around the globe

State-of-the-art time and frequency systems

End-to-end solutions for all markets

Timing delivery and assurance Excellency

Innovation leader for timing distribution and assurance


Cell site 1st mile 2nd mile Aggregation Core (IP/MPLS)

OSA Product Line Overview -2018

OSA 5420 & OSA 5421OSA 541x

Radio

Base StationUE

UE

Backhaul

OSA 5401

1-64 Clients , PTP

GM/Sync-E

FSP NM End to End Synchronization Network Management

8-64 Clients , PTP

GM/BC/Slave/Probe/1xT

DM/Sync-E

128-1024 Clients , PRC/PRTC/PTP

PTP/NTP

GM/BC/Slave/Probe/32xTDM/PPS/

TOD/CLK/Sync-E

100s to 1000s of Clients , PRC/ePRC /PRTC/ePRTC/PTP

GM/NTP/160xTDM/Sync-E

Core

OSA 33XX Optical Cs PRC/PRTC/ePRTC

OSA 5405-I/O

OSA 5430 & 5440 NG GM/SSU/ePRTC


SyncJack – Verifying The Sync

Software feature that measures and reports the status/state of the sync network

Embedded in all ADVA Synchronization products

Analogous to Perf Mon and Bit Error Rate in traditional networks

Unique Differentiator From Competition


Base stations and small cells

Transactional services in finance

Cable networks and emerging

distributed access architectures

Utilities, e.g., substations in power

networks

Precise synchronization for IoT (Internet

of Things) and distributed processes

Increasing number of appliances require ultra-precise timing

Accurate Timing Is Mandatory

Applications requiring more accurate time

© 2018 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.77 © 2018 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.77 © 2018 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.7 © 2018 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.7

TDM & Where we’ve Been!Time Division Multiplexing


ANSI Clock Standards

Stratum-1

Stratum-2

Stratum-3E

Stratum-3

1 x 10-11

1.6 x 10-8

4.6 x 10-6

Not Defined

< 255 DS1 slips,

1st 24 hrs.

1 x 10-10 per

day, 1st 24 hrs.

4.6 x 10-6 1 x 10-8 per

day, 1st 24 hrs.

1.6 x 10-8

Not Defined

4.6 x 10-6

4.6 x 10-6

SMC 2.0 x 10-5

Stratum-4 Not Defined3.2 x 10-5 3.2 x 10-5

4.6 x 10-6 2.0 x 10-5

The maximum MTIE during a reference rearrangement for

SONET interfaces is 1 ms or 20 ns in any 14 ms.


Typical Hierarchical Synchronization Plan

Stratum

2

Stratum

2

Stratum

2

Stratum

2

Stratum

1 Stratum

3

Stratum

3Stratum

3Stratum

3E

Stratum

1

Stratum

3E

Stratum

3E

Stratum

1

Stratum

3E

Stratum

3EStratum

3E

Distributing a highly accurate frequency reference to all

Network Elements in an effort to elevate the internal

Oscillators of the network elements to that of the frequency

source (Stratum 1)


Frequency Offset is Phase Accumulation over TimeDf = The average rate of phase accumulation (Dt/t)

1 picosec/sec 1x10-12 Free-Running Cesium

10 picosec/sec 1x10-11 Stratum One (Minimum Requirement)

100 picosec/sec 1x10-10

1 nanosec/sec 1x10-9 1 part per billion (1ppb)

10 nanosec /sec 1x10-8

100 nanosec /sec 1x10-7

1 msec /sec 1x10-6 1 part per million (1ppm)

Df = fractional frequency offset


PRS - Cesium

In 1967 the Cesium atom was recognized as the basis

for the international standard (SI) unit of time

Atomic resonant frequency is exactly 9,192,631,770 Hz

All PRS equipment will be traced back to a Cesium standard.

Telecom Cesium devices have, typically, rT/T of 1 picosecond/second

(or a 1x10-12 frequency offset)

One DayrT = 86,400 picoseconds

One YearrT = 31,536 nanoseconds

12 YearsrT = 378 microseconds

Less than 1/2 ms time error (with respect to UTC) for the life of the tube.

(“Turn it on, and forget about it”)

11


All GPS satellites contain multiple Stratum 1 Clocks (Cesium and/or Rubidium standards). The Clocks in the satellites keep accurate time to within three nanoseconds. A GPS Primary Reference Receiver will derive the accuracy of the standards and provide a very stable Stratum 1 clock source. The GPS satellites are in half synchronous orbit so they circle the earth twice a day.

PRS - Global Positioning System

12


GPS Ground Control Segment

•The GPS control segment consists of a system of monitor stations located around the world (Hawaii and Kwajalein in the Pacific Ocean; Diego Garcia in the India Ocean; Ascension Island in the Atlantic Ocean; and Colorado Springs, Colorado) a master ground station at Falcon Air Force Base in Colorado Springs, Colorado; and four large ground antenna stations that broadcast signals to the satellites.

13


14

✓ Highly reliable PRS

✓Roof access required for antenna

✓Long-term capitalization factor is high

✓Time-of-day availableGNSS

Town

✓ Self-contained, highly-reliable PRS

✓Antenna not required

✓Long-term capitalization factor is low

✓Time-of-day not availableCESIUM

City

Primary Reference Source Options


Building Integrated Timing Supply - BITS

DS3

TSG

MUX

ChannelBanks

DCS STPToll

Switch

CC/DS1

ATMSwitch

ISDN

SONETADM

SONETADM

CC EC151 Mbit

MSSPRS

Stratum 1DSLDSLAM

DS1

DS1

DS1

DS1DS1

DS1

CC

CC

CC

CC/DS1

DS3

DS0

DS0

DS0

DS0

DS1OC192

OC192

OC48

OC48

OC3

OC3IP

ATMDS3

15


16

Inter-Office Timing Distribution - SONET


SONET SSM Formats


Existing Deployments for TDM Synchronization

BITS Clocks

GPS PRS

Cs PRS

Free-running self-

contained stratum 1

frequency Source

E1/T1 10Mhz Outputs

GPS Based stratum 1

frequency Source

E1/T1 10Mhz Outputs

Possible NTP / TOD

Redundant Frequency

Distribution shelf with holdover

protection

DS1/E1, CC & 10Mhz

Possibly Integrated GPS

Possible NTP / PTP


Packet NetworksWhere are we Going?


Packet Network Synchronization Tools:1) Sync-E2) NTP3) PTP4) PTP to NTP Translation4) Boundary Clocks / Transparent Clocks5) Asymmetry Delay Compensation6) ePRTC


Synchronous Ethernet



Also referred as Sync-E, is an ITU-T standard for computer networking that facilitates the transference of

frequency reference signals over the Ethernet physical layer. This signal can then be made traceable to an

external clock.

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ethernet_physical_layer



Synchronous Ethernet quality messaging (ESMC) is designed to be fully interoperable with

Synchronization Status Messaging (SSM) used with SONET & SDH. These messages provide

traceability of the synchronization reference.


Packet Timing Technologies


NTP Packet Exchange T1 – Time request sent by the client (using Client clock)

T2 – Time request received by the server (using Server clock)

T3 – Time reply sent by the Server (using Server clock)

T4 – Time reply received by the Client (using Client clock)

T2 = T1 + Delay_CS - Offset

T4 = T3 + Delay_SC + Offset

Symmetry:Delay_CS = Delay_SC = Delay

Offset = ((T4-T3)-(T2-T1))/2

Client Server

Offset from

Server

T1

T2

Request

T3

T4

Reply

Delays must be symmetrical and constant – Asymmetry and PDV will

impact Client performance


26

NTP Stratum Levels

S1 S1

S2 S2 S2 S2

S3 S3 S3 S3 S3

S4 S4 S4 S4

Stratum 1

Stratum 2

Stratum 3

Stratum 4

▪ Hierarchical layering of clocks based on

number of hops from primary reference

source

▪ Stratum 1 servers are synchronized with a

GPS source

▪ Stratum 2 servers use client/server mode to

synchronize with up to six Stratum 1 servers

and symmetric mode to synchronize with

other servers on the same stratum level

▪ Stratum 4 clocks work in client mode to

synchronize with servers in Stratum 3

NTP Stratum levels are not the same as ANSI/ITU-T Stratum levels!


NTP Challenges


Network Packet Delay Variation

1) Queueing Delays

2) Differentiated Services

3) Prioritization Schemes

4) Variable Length Packets

5) Network Congestion

Some Causes of PDV:

Variable Length Packets

Queueing Delays


Network Asymmetry

Network paths are two-way and the maximum rate of data transfer may be defined in each direction.

It is possible that the packets may travel along different routes, going one direction versus the other.

Or that devices on the path affect the passage of packets differently in one direction over the other.

Network Asymmetry has a direct effect on NTP and PTP Timing services. The performance of NTP and

PTP relies on the network being symmetrical.


Client

MACPHY

HW

Clock

Timestamp

SW/Stack

NTP - Sources of Inaccuracy• Server time reference inaccuracy

• Server internal PDV and asymmetry

• Network PDV and asymmetry

• Client internal PDV and asymmetry

Server

MAC PHY

HW

Clock

Timestamp

SW/Stack

GNSS

NTP Packets


Typical Time Accuracy Achieved by NTP

In most cases 100 microseconds to 100 milliseconds is achievable

Highly dependent on NTP server accuracy , network asymmetry ,PDV

and NTP client implementation

Reaching microseconds level with existing NTP

solutions is challenging!


PTP Basics


IEEE-1588 PTP OverviewT1 – departure timestamp according to master PTP clock of first message called “sync message”.

T2 – arrival timestamp according to slave PTP clock of sync message.

T3 – departure timestamp according to slave PTP clock of second message called “delay request message”.

T4 – arrival timestamp according to master PTP clock of delay request message.

T2 = T1 + Delay_MS + Offset

T4 = T3 + Delay_SM – Offset

Symmetry:Delay_MS = Delay_SM = Delay

Offset = ((T2-T1)-(T4-T3))/2

Asymmetry:Delay_MS != Delay_SM :

Offset+(Delay_MS-Delay_SM)/2=(T2-T1)-(T4-T3))/2

SlaveMaster

T1

T2

T3

T4

T4

Delay_MS

Delay_SM

Offset from

Master


IEEE 1588v2 vs 1588v1•IEEE 1588v2 meets accuracy requirements for Telecom applications

• High refresh rates up to 128 messages per second

• Correction field for asymmetric measurements

•Several modes supported

• Broad-cast, Multi-cast and Uni-cast are permitted

•Smaller message length to conserve bandwidth

• 72 octets (44 for 1588v2 payload)

•Multiple Master Clock selection methods

• Manual, Semi-automatic, Fully-automatic

•Transparent Clocks to reduce accumulation of timing errors across network elements in cascaded topologies

•Enhanced security

• Configurable network in combination with Best Master Clock algorithm for GrandMaster

• HASH codes

34


35

What is a Boundary clock

PTP

UDP

IP

MAC

PHY

MII

PTP

UDP

IP

MAC

PHY

MII

PTP

UDP

IP

MAC

PHY

MII

PTP

UDP

IP

MAC

PHY

MII

Slave Master

IP Network

Grandmaster Boundary Clock

Boundary Clock

Slave

Grandmaster Boundary Clock Slave

▪ A boundary clock has an

internal oscillator:

▪ The oscillator is slaved to the

upstream Grandmaster

▪ The slaved oscillator is then

used as Grandmaster to

downstream devices

▪ Boundary clocks can be

used to extend the reach of

the timing or offload

capacity from the GM.

A Boundary Clock extends

synchronization across an

intermediate network element

M S

M

MS

S


36

Transparent clock

MAC

PHY

MII

MAC

PHY

MII

PTP

UDP

IP

MAC

PHY

MII

PTP

UDP

IP

MAC

PHY

MII

Grandmaster Transparent Clock

Transparent Clock

Slave

Grandmaster Transparent Clock Slave▪ A Transparent Clock has no

internal oscillator

▪ Timestamp on outgoing

message is modified to

include it’s own delay

A Transparent Clock is neither a

master or a slave. It is a switch that

adjusts a PTP timestamp to

compensate for its own delay

IP Network

M S


Full ON-Path Support

PTP Deployment Terms

Partial or No ON-Path Support


Precision Time Protocol (PTP) Explained

Grandmaster

(Server)

L2/L3 device

External

Slave (client)

1588 Packet Flow

1588

1588

1588

• Protocol used to synchronize clocks throughout a network.

• The Grandmaster (GM) “reference clock” sends a series of time-stamped messages to slaves

• Slaves receive the messages, and eliminate the round-trip delay by synchronizing to the Grandmaster.

• Frequency/Time-of-Day/Phase is recovered from the accurate time of day reference from the GM.

• Boundary Clocks (BC) can receive PTP as a reference, while providing GM functionality downstream to other clients.

Boundary Clock (BC)

External

Slave (client) Embedded

Slave (client)

1588

1588

1588

(BC)

(BC)

(BC)


Lucky Packet Concept



What is a Lucky Packet?

Networks will present a percentage of packets that get across the network with minimal

queuing delays. These are referred to as ‘lucky’ packets. Since these lucky packets are never

waiting in queues or have minimal wait times, their transit across the network is relatively

consistent.

PTP Slave Clocks run a selection filter on all 1588 packets to find the lucky packets.

Only lucky packets are used in the clock recovery algorithm. The impacts of PDV are thus

filtered and greatly mitigated.



PTP flow through a network operating at 50% load capacity

T-GM

GNSS

Packet-Based Network

PTP Slave

Switch

50% LoadBoundary Clock

PTP Packets

Switch

50% LoadSwitch

50% LoadSwitch

50% Load

Switch

50% LoadPTP flow rate 32pps




All packets are lucky when leaving the GM!

32 Lucky Packets

T-GM

GNSS


PTP Slave

Switch


PTP Packets

Switch

50% LoadSwitch

50% LoadSwitch

50% Load

Switch





50% of Packets impacted by queueing delays at 1st Switch

16 Packets remain lucky

T-GM

GNSS


PTP Slave

Switch


PTP Packets

Switch

50% LoadSwitch

50% LoadSwitch

50% Load

Switch





50% of Packets impacted by queueing delays at 2nd Switch


T-GM

GNSS


PTP Slave

Switch


PTP Packets

Switch

50% LoadSwitch

50% LoadSwitch

50% Load

Switch







T-GM

GNSS


PTP Slave

Switch


PTP Packets

Switch

50% LoadSwitch

50% LoadSwitch

50% Load

Switch







T-GM

GNSS


PTP Slave

Switch


PTP Packets

Switch

50% LoadSwitch

50% LoadSwitch

50% Load

Switch

50% Load




50% of Packets impacted by queueing delays at 5th Switch


T-GM

GNSS


PTP Slave

Switch


PTP Packets

Switch

50% LoadSwitch

50% LoadSwitch

50% Load

Switch

50% Load




What happens at the Boundary Clock?

T-GM

GNSS


PTP Slave

Switch


PTP Packets

Switch

50% LoadSwitch

50% LoadSwitch

50% Load

Switch

50% Load




Boundary Clock trains it’s internal oscillator to the recovered

clock and generates 32 brand new Lucky Packets!

T-GM

GNSS


PTP Slave

Switch


PTP Packets

Switch

50% LoadSwitch

50% LoadSwitch

50% Load

Switch



Why is PTP so much better than NTP?

NTP:

1) NTP packets are at the mercy of PDV. No way to distinguish lucky packets

2) NTP has very slow transaction rate as compared to PTP (range 1 per 16–1024 seconds)

3) No Boundary Clocks or Transparent Clocks supported

PTP:

1) PTP packets can overcome PDV by using the Lucky Packet concept.

2) PTP uses much faster transaction rates as compared to NTP (up to 128 per second)

3) Use of Boundary Clocks and Transparent Clocks (On Path Support)


NTP across the network is greatly impacted by PDV

Core/Mobile

Backhaul Provider

High PDV/

Asymmetry NTP Client

NTP

Server

GNSS

Can PTP help NTP?

NTP NTP

NTP Packets


Combine PTP with NTP by using PTP BC/TC to overcome

PDV and asymmetry

NTP Client

GNSS

YES! PTP can help NTP

PTP

To NTP

Core/Mobile

Backhaul Provider

NTP

BCTC

PTP

Grand

Master

PTP

PTP Packets

NTP Packets


PTP to NTP Translation No standards available but…

PTP deliver information which enable to construct UTC

• TAI + UTC offset + Leap second information

Information related to clock quality • clockClass

• clockAccuracy

• …

NTP Stratum level • Can be Stratum 2 when locked to partial on path support PTP

• Can be Stratum 1 when locked to full on path support PTP


Not All Boundary Clocks are Created Equally!

Boundary Clock / Transparent Clock Classifications

T-TSC Class Permissible range of Constant Phase/Time Error

Class A +/- 50ns

Class B +/- 20ns

The quality of the internal Oscillator has an

important effect on performance.


PTP Profiles for Phase and Frequency


PTP - IEEE 1588 v2 Profiles

A PTP profile is a set of options (required, permitted and prohibited), and the

ranges and default values of configurable attributes

Purpose: Assure interworking and required performance level for a specific

application and transport context

PTP profiles are …

• defined by standards organisations (e.g. ITU-T) and industry trade associations

• reviewed by the relevant IEEE Standards Working Group

First telecom PTP profile: ‘ITU-T PTP Profile for frequency distribution without

timing support from the network’ (G.8265.1)


G.8265.1 Annex A

G.8265.1 Annex A ITU-T Telecom Profile for Frequency

Permitted Nodes Grandmasters and Slave-Only Clocks

Operation Unicast Only

Addressing IP Addressing – Layer 3 Only

Clock Recovery Masters must support both one-way and two-way. Slaves may support one-

way, two-way or both (Note two-way supports phase)

Domain Configurable 4-23 (No default)

Timescale PTP or Arbitrary

Announce 1 per 16 seconds up to 8 per second (default is 1 per 2 seconds)

Sync & Follow-up 1 per 16 seconds to 128 per second

Peer Delay request/response 1 per 16 seconds to 128 per second

Protection Switching Priority or Quality Messaging or LOS


G.8275.1 Annex A

8275.1 Annex A – ITU-T Telecom Profile for Phase/Time

Permitted Nodes Grandmasters, Boundary Clocks and Slave Only Clocks

Multicast/Unicast Multicast Only

Addressing Mac addressing – Layer 2 only

Clock Recovery Two-way Only (Phase)

Domain 24 default (configurable 24-43

Timescale PTP Timescale

Announce 8 per second

Sync & Follow-up 16 per second

Delay request/response 16 per second

Protection Switching Alternate-BMCA


G.8275.2 Telecom Profile

G.8275.2 ITU-T Telecom Profile for Frequency and Phase

Permitted Nodes Grandmasters, Boundary Clocks and Slave Only Clocks

Operation Unicast Only

Addressing IP Addressing – Layer 3 Only

Clock Recovery Both One-way and Two-way modes are supported (Two-way required for Phase)

Domain Default is 44 – Configurable 44-63

Timescale PTP or Arbitrary

Announce 1 per 16 seconds up to 8 per second (default is 1 per 2 seconds)

Sync & Follow-up 1 per 16 seconds to 128 per second

Peer Delay request/response 1 per 16 seconds to 128 per second

Protection Switching Priority or Quality Messaging or LOS (ABMCA)

PTP Backup with ACDC Standards include requirement that PTP backup with Automatic Asymmetry delay

Compensation to be supported by Grandmasters


PTP for Power Utilities


IEEE PTP Profile for Power Systems Applications

IEEE PTP Profile for Power Systems Applications (C37.238-2011)

Permitted Nodes Grandmasters, Boundary Clocks, P2P Transparent Clocks and Slave Only Clocks

Operation Multicast Only

Addressing Mac addressing – Layer 2 only

Clock Recovery Two-way Only (Phase)

Domain 0 default - configurable 0-127

Timescale PTP Timescale

Announce 1 per second

Sync & Follow-up 1 per second

Peer Delay request/response 1 per second

Protection Switching Default BMCA


IEEE 1588 Power Profile

IEEE C37.238-2011 Standard

Profile for IEEE 1588 Precision Time Protocol in power system

applications

Profile Characteristics:

• LAN (Layer 2 Ethernet mapping)

• Multicast addressing only

• Peer-to-peer delay measurement

• Switches are Transparent Clocks

• Time transfer accuracy and holdover time defined

• IEC 61850 will add C37.238-2011 as a requirement in the future


PTP Power Profile Network ModelFor Substation Timing


GNSS Vulnerabilities


Some GPS “availability issues”

San Diego, Jan. 2007:

US Navy unintentionally jam

GPS in San Diego harbour

during an exercise

Korea, Dec. 2010:

N. Korea jams GPS in

Seoul. Repeated several

times in following years

Washington, Jan. 2011:

FCC permits Lightsquared to

operate terrestrial

transmission in a band

adjacent to the GPS

(Rescinded, Feb. 2012)

Newark, 2009-2011:

FAA take 18 months to trace a

“personal privacy device”

intermittently jamming the GPS

system at Newark airport

Moss Landing, 2002:

GPS jammed across the harbour

for several months by faulty TV

antenna*

*See http://gpsworld.com/the-hunt-rfi/

Most of the issues are in the USA, where you would expect GPS to

work best!


GPS “availability issues”


67

Is GPS Safe Enough?


Using PTP Backup forProtection against GPS Jamming


Protection Against Antenna Failure and Jamming

GNSS

Primary

Active

T

Routed Network

All Slaves remain locked to Primary GM.

GNSS still traceable through PTP backup

PTP G8265.1 PRS

PTP

Secondary PTP

Secondary

PTP G8265.1

PTP G8265.1

PTP G8265.1

Ac

tiv

e

PR

S PR

S

Ac

tiv

e

GNSS

Primary

Active

Primary

Grand MasterSecondary

Grand Master

Add PTP backup between servers



GNSS

Primary

Active

T

Routed Network



PTP G8265.1 PRS

PTP

SecondaryPTP

Secondary

PTP G8265.1

PTP G8265.1

PTP G8265.1

Ac

tiv

e

PR

S PR

S

Ac

tiv

e

GNSS

Primary

Active

Primary


Grand Master

GPS

Jammer



GNSS

Primary

T

Routed Network



PTP G8265.1 PRS

PTP

Secondary

ActivePTP

Secondary

PTP G8265.1

PTP G8265.1

PTP G8265.1

Ac

tiv

e

PR

S PR

S

Ac

tiv

e

GNSS

Primary

Active

Primary


Grand Master

Routed Network



GPS

Jammer



GNSS

Primary

Active

T

Routed Network



PTP G8265.1 PRS

PTP

SecondaryPTP

Secondary

PTP G8265.1

PTP G8265.1

PTP G8265.1

Ac

tiv

e

PR

S PR

S

Ac

tiv

e

GNSS

Primary

Active

Primary


Grand Master

GPS

Jammer


High Availability Deployments


R-PHY

HA for RPDs supporting Single GM IP Address

Packet-Based Backhaul Network

First Aggregation Node

Optional

GNSS

PTP

Grandmaster

• 5430 with Dual CSMs in Active/Standby Mode

• 100% HW Redundancy – GNSS, Management, Path & Servers

Slave

PTP

5430 configured with dual Clock Synchronization Modules can operate in

active/standby mode. Upon failure of the active Link or CSM the standby CSM will

become active automatically.

R-PHYSlave

R-PHY Slave

Automatic Switchover for redundancy

ActiveStandby


R-PHY

HA for RPDs supporting Single GM IP Address



Optional

GNSS

PTP

Grandmaster

• 5430 with Dual CSMs in Active/Standby Mode

• 100% HW Redundancy – GNSS, Management & Servers

Slave

PTP

5430 configured with dual Clock Synchronization Modules can operate in

active/standby mode. Upon failure of the active Link or CSM the standby CSM will

become active automatically.

R-PHYSlave

R-PHY Slave

Automatic Switchover for redundancy

ActiveStandby


R-PHY Slave supporting

Active/Standby GM IPs

HA for RPDs with Active/Standby GM Support

Optional

GNSS

PTP

Grandmaster IP #2


Optional

GNSS

PTP

Grandmaster IP #1

• 1+1 Redundancy “Best Practice”

• N+1 “Supported”

• Network Redundancy “Supported”

Active

GM IP

PTP+Sync-E

OSA 542X’s can set phase to 1024 R-PHY’s

Standby

GM IP

Dual GMs can be local or remote to one another


R-PHY Slave supporting

Active/Standby GM IPs

HA for RPDs with Active/Standby GM Support

Optional

GNSS

PTP

Grandmaster IP #2


Optional

GNSS

PTP

Grandmaster IP #1


• N+1 “Supported”


Active

GM IP

PTP+Sync-E


Standby

GM IP



R-PHY Slave supporting Dual

Active PTP Slaves

HA for RPDs with Dual Active GM Support

Optional

GNSS

PTP

Grandmaster IP #2


Optional

GNSS

PTP

Grandmaster IP #1



• Servers maybe 5420 or 5430

Active

GM IP

PTP+Sync-E


Active

GM IP



Using PTP to Increase PTP Slave Capacity


Increasing PTP Capacity for OSA is achieved by stacking

3070 PTP Slaves

Primary

Grand Master

10221024

1 PTP Slave

Antenna Not Required

Expansion #1

1 PTP Slave

1023

Expansion #2


Servers may be stacked

locally or remotely


Increasing PTP Capacity for OSA is achieved by stacking

3070 PTP Slaves

Primary

Grand Master

10221024

1 PTP Slave


Expansion #1

1 PTP Slave

1023

Expansion #2


Servers may be stacked

locally or remotely

Maintains phase

alignment during any

shelf outage


Increasing PTP Client Capacity for OSA 5420Without UTC Traceability

T

Routed Network

<2047 PTP Slaves

Primary

Grand Master

10231024

1 PTP SlaveAntenna Not Required

Primary

GM Expansion


2nd Shelf is frequency/phase-aligned

with free-running primary shelf via PTP

Important - Any 2 Clocks within a common clock domain

must to be phase aligned with one another


Using PTP to Achieve Cost-Effective UTC Traceability & High Availability Across the Network


GNSS

Primary

Active

Using GNSS at the Core for Network UTC Traceability

GNSS

Primary

Active

T

PTP G8275.2 PRS

PTP

Secondary PTP

Secondary

PTP G8275.2

Primary


Grand Master

Install GNSS Antennas at key core server sites

Add PTP Backup between GNSS Servers


GNSS

Primary

Active


GNSS

Primary

Active

T

PTP G8275.2 PRS

PTP

Secondary PTP

Secondary

PTP G8275.2

Primary


Grand Master

Install GNSS Antennas at key core server sites

Add PTP Backup between GNSS Servers


GNSS

Primary

Active


GNSS

Primary

Active

T

PTP G8275.2 PRS

PTP

Secondary PTP

Secondary

PTP G8275.2

Primary


Grand Master

Primary and Secondary UTC Traceable PTP flows to each access server

eliminates the need for local GNSS antenna systems

Add PTP Backup between GNSS Antenna Sites

For Protection against local jamming


Packet NetworksStrict Synchronization Objectives


Mobile Backhaul / The ChallengesApplication Radio Interface Backhaul

Frequency Phase Frequency Phase

CDMA 2000 ±50ppb ±3 to 10µs GPS GPS

GSM/WCDMA ±50ppb n/a ±16ppb n/a

LTE (FDD) ±50ppb n/a ±16ppb n/a

LTE (TDD) (large cell) ±50ppb ±5µs ±16ppb ±1.1µs

LTE (TDD) (small cell) ±50ppb ±1.5µs ±16ppb ±1.1µs

LTE-A MBSFN ±50ppb ±1 to 5µs ±16ppb ±1.1µs

LTE-A CoMP* ±50ppb ±500nsec to 5µs ±16ppb 500ns - ±1.1µs

LTE-A eICIC* ±50ppb ±1 to 5µs ±16ppb ±1.1µs

New timing distribution architectures are Now Required!


Impact of Synchronization Impairments


Smart Grid Timing Needs Today!

Application Measurement Accuracy Time Interface Sync Source

TW Fault Locator 300 m (line span) 1 μs PTP, IRIG-B, PPO GPS, 1588 GMC

Phasor Measurements ± 0.1 degree 1 μs PTP, IRIG-B (1344) GPS, 1588 GMC

Lightning Strike Correlation Grid-wide events 1 ms IRIG-B GPS

Protection Relaying events < 1 cycle 1 msPTP, IRIG-B

IEC 61850GPS, IRIG-B, 1588 GMC

Event/Disturbance Recorders < 1 cycle 1 ms PTP, IRIG-B, PPO GPS, 1588 GM

Network, Distribution & Substation

Control Grid-wide events 1 ms PTP, IRIG-B

GPS, Control Centre,

1588 GMC

Quality of Supply Metering Freq, time error 0.5 sec PTP, IRIG-B, PPO GPS, 1588 GMC

Bulk Metering Energy registers 0.5 sec Proprietary, PPO Proprietary

Customer Premises Metering Energy registers 1 sec NTP, Proprietary Proprietary, NTP

SCADA/EMS/PAS Grid-wide status 1 ms NTP, ASCII GPS

Frequency Measurement Frequency 1 ms N/A GPS

Sampled Values Volt/Current 1 μs PTP 1588 GM

Telecommunication SDH/PDH G.812/813PTP G.8265

2.048 Mbps/MHzGPS, 1588 GMC


93

Phasor Measurement Unit

A phasor measurement unit (PMU) is a device which measures the

electrical waves on an electricity grid.


94

What is a Synchrophasor?

Synchronized phasors (synchrophasors)

provide a real-time measurement of electrical

quantities from across the power system.

Applications include wide-area control, system

model validation, determining stability

margins, maximizing stable system loading,

islanding detection, system-wide disturbance

recording, and visualization of dynamic system

response.

Super Data

Concentrator

Phasor Data

Concentrator

Phasor Data

Concentrator

PMU PMU PMU PMU PMU PMU

PMUs are located at the substationsNASPI (North American Synchrophasor Initiative)

https://www.naspi.org/sites/default/files/reference_documents/33.pdf?fileID=1326

Data collection rates are

now 30-60 per second

and higher vs every 4-6

seconds previously

https://www.naspi.org/sites/default/files/reference_documents/33.pdf?fileID=1326


Packet NetworksStrict Synchronization Objectives


Re-Engineering PTP for Phase1st mile 2nd mile Aggregation Core (IP/MPLS)

GPS PRS

SSU/T

SG

CENTRAL OFFICE

Original PTP Deployments in the core were to

support loose frequency requirements (1ppb)

at the network edge. Due to high hop counts,

these servers cannot meet stringent phase

requirements at the edge.

Ethernet

Ethernet

1588-2008

One-way Clock Recovery

1588-2008

One-way Clock Recovery

1588-2008

One-way Clock Recovery PTP for Frequency

1588-2008


Move PTP GM Closer to the Network Edge

CORE GM

GNSS

PTP Core

Grandmaster


GNSS

T-SC

T-SC

T-SC


GM closer to end application

T-SC

Midscale GM


GNSS GM at first aggregation site

1588v2 with Full/Partial On Path Support to Cell Sites

Core PTP backup and Asymmetry compensation in case of GNSS failure

T-GM

GNSS

PTP

Grandmaster


PTP unaware or partly aware

G.8265.1 /G.8275.2

Remote

Base Station

T-SC

T-SC

T-SC


GNSS Boundary

Clock with

Asymmetry

Compensation

PTP fully aware or partly aware network

G.8275.1/G.8275.2

BC

GNSS

1.2us Asymmetry

Error Measured

against GNSS

Mid Scale GM with Core PTP backup & Automatic Asymmetry Delay Compensation

Reliably achieving sub-

microsecond accuracy will require

a 3-tier approach and asymmetry

delay compensation.


GNSS Boundary Clock with Asymmetry Delay Compensation

Telecom/Power Profile Conversion

BITS Clock

GNSSPacket-Based Backhaul Network

PTP unaware or partly aware

G.8265.1 /G.8275.2

Power Utility

Substation

GNSS Boundary Clock

with Asymmetry

Compensation

Telecom/Power

Profile ConversionBC

GNSS1.2us Asymmetry

Error Measured

against GNSS

And Compensated

GNSS PRS with

PTP Functionality

Protecting Substation GPS withAutomatic Asymmetry Delay Compensation

Protection

Relay

PMU

Substation

Switch

61850 LAN

BIT

S

PRS with PTP

Functionality

Power

ProfileTelecom

Profile

Reliably achieving sub-microsecond

accuracy will require a 3-tier approach

and asymmetry delay compensation.


Phase Holdover Considerations


Oscillator Options for Phase Holdover

400nsec 1.1usec 1.5usec 5usec 10usec 16ppb

Quartz 2 hours 4 hours 5 hours 8 hours 14 hours 1 month

Quartz HQ+ 8hours 13hours 15hours 1.2days 1.7days 0.5 year

Quartz HQ++ 15 hours 1.3 days 2 days 4 days 6 days >1.5 year

Rubidium 15 hours 1.3 days 2 days 4 days 6 days >5 year

Note: The above are approximated values assuming constant temperature, no initial phase and frequency error, after OSA 542X was powered for one month and locked to GPS for 24 hours.


HQQ Vs Rb – Controlled Room (25-30C)

Enter Holdover

After locked to

GPS for 2 days 2 days HQQ

holdover

below 200

nsec !

Temperature effects are seen

in the Rb TIE

• Tested in the Oven with controlled room profile

• Phase Holdover over 48 hours below 200nsec !


HQQ Vs Rb – Temp’ Controlled Room (25-40C) Temperature effects are seen

in the Rb FFO

Temperature effects are NOT seen in the HQQ FFO


Primary Reference Clocks (PRC/ePRC)Primary Reference Time Clocks (PRTC/ePRTC)


Cesium Clock as Time source

PRC (G.811)Frequency

PRC : Cs or GNSS

NE NE NE

PRTC (G.8272)Frequency + Phase

PRTC : GNSS

NE NE NE

ePRTC (G.8272.1)Frequency + Phase

GNSS

NE NE NE

CsCombiner

SSU Packet Master Clock Packet Master Clock

Sync

Network

Sync

NetworkSync

Network

SSU Packet Slave Clock Packet Slave Clock

Cs as backup


GNSS Clocks vs Cesium clock

What ? OSA GNSS Clock OSA Cesium Clock OSA GNSS + Cs Clock

Oscillator replacement Every 15-25 years (OCXO/Rb) Every 10 years

(Tube)

Every 10 years

(Tube)

1.1us phase in Holdover 4 hours to 1.3 days 12.2 days (in free running) 4.2 months

Jamming safe No Yes Yes

Spoofing safe No Yes Yes

Weather condition safe No Yes Yes

Unaffected by urban canyon No Yes Yes

Immune from solar storm No Yes Yes

Low phase noise outputs No Yes Yes

Frequency + Phase + Time Yes No Yes


Phase and Frequency Holdover Comparison

Oscillator

PHASE FREQUENCY

400nsec 1.1usec 1.5usec 5usec 10usec 16ppb

Quartz 2 hours 4 hours 5 hours 8 hours 14 hours 1 month

Quartz HQ+ 8 hours 13 hours 15 hours 1.2 days 1.7 days 0.5 year

Quartz HQ++ 15 hours 1.3 days 2 days 4 days 6 days >1.5 year

Rubidium 15 hours 1.3 days 2 days 4 days 6 days >5 years

Cesium 4.6 days 12.7 days 17.3 days 1.9 month 3.8 months ∞

Cesium + GNSS 46.2 days 4.2 months 5.7 months 1.6 years 3.2 years ∞


Synchronization Network Modernization


Next Generation PRS Features Review

1) PTP Outputs AND Inputs

2) PTP In-service Probing

3) GNSS vs GPS Only

4) ePRTC Capable (Requires Cs)

5) Synchronous Ethernet I/O

6) NTP/PTP HW Timestamping

7) PTP to NTP Translation

8) Automatic Asymmetry Delay

Compensation


Next Generation PRS Benefits



3) GNSS vs GPS Only






Compensation

Enables Boundary Clock

& PTP Backup!





3) GNSS vs GPS Only






Compensation

Enables Jamming

Protection!





3) GNSS vs GPS Only






Compensation

Enables Advanced

Spoofing Detection!





3) GNSS vs GPS Only






Compensation

Enables Sub-30ns

Time Performance!

&

Extreme Holdover

Capabilities





3) GNSS vs GPS Only






Compensation

Enables very good

Frequency Backup

To GNSS and/or PTP





3) GNSS vs GPS Only






Compensation

Required for todays

sub-1us Timing

Requirements!





3) GNSS vs GPS Only






Compensation

Greatly Enhances

Over the network NTP

accuracy





3) GNSS vs GPS Only






Compensation

Enables 3-Tier

Timing approach

for

Mission Critical phase

applications

Thank you

IMPORTANT NOTICE

The content of this presentation is strictly confidential. ADVA Optical Networking is the exclusive owner or licensee of the content, material, and information in this presentation. Any reproduction, publication or reprint, in whole or in part, is strictly prohibited.

The information in this presentation may not be accurate, complete or up to date, and is provided without warranties or representations of any kind, either express or implied. ADVA Optical Networking shall not be responsible for and disclaims any liability for any loss or damages, including without limitation, direct, indirect, incidental, consequential and special damages, alleged to have been caused by or in connection with using and/or relying on the information contained in this presentation.

Copyright © for the entire content of this presentation: ADVA Optical Networking.

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Abbreviations3ϕ Three Phase

61850 A standard for the design of an electrical substation (more detail)

AMI Advanced Metering Infrastructure

ADM Add-Drop Multiplexor (SDH/SONET terminal)

AMR Automatic Meter Reading

CES Circuit Emulation Service

CT Current Transformer

DFR Digital Fault Recorder

DNP Distributed Network Protocol

DR Demand Regulation, or

DR Disturbance Recorder

DSM Demand Side Management

EHV Extra High Voltage

EMC Electro-Magnetic Compatibility

EV Electric Vehicle

FERC Federal Energy Regulatory Commission

GMC Grandmaster Clock

GOOSE Global Object Oriented Substation Event

GUI Graphic User Interface

FTM Frequency & Time Deviation Monitor

HV High Voltage

I Current

IP Internet Protocol

IEC International Electrotechnical Commission

IED Intelligent Electronic Device

IEEE Institute of Electrical & Electronic Engineers

IRIG-B Inter-Range Instrumentation Group time-code B

NERC North American Electric Reliability Corporation

NTP Network Time Protocol

OC Ordinary Clock (PTP reference)

PAS Power Application Software

PDH Plesiochronous Digital Hierarchy

PMU Phasor Measurement Unit

PPO Programmable Pulse Output (e.g. 1PPS)

PQ Power Quality

PSN Packet Switched Network

PSRC Power System Relaying Committee

PT Potential Transformer (sometimes called a VT

PTM&C Protection, Telecommunication, Metering/Measurement and Control

PTP Precise Time Protocol

QOS Quality of Supply

RTU Remote Terminal Unit

SCADA Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition

SDH Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

SV’s Sampled Analog Values

TW Travelling Wave

UTC Universal Coordinated Time (world standard)

VT Voltage Transformer (sometimes called a PT)

http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/61850


Using PTP Probing for AdvancedSpoofing Detection


Detecting Clock Drift Between Cesium Standards

•How do you measure the accuracy of a cesium without GPS?

122

Cesium Std #1

Phase

Tim

e



•How do you measure the accuracy of a cesium without GPS? You must compare it to another Cesium!

123

Cesium Std #2

Phase

Tim

e

Cesium Std #1

Phase

Tim

e



•What can you do if they do not agree?

124

Cesium Std #2

Phase

Tim

e

Cesium Std #1

Phase

Tim

e



•You must bring in a 3rd Cesium and use majority voting. The 2 cesiums in agreement are on and the 3rd is off.

125

Cesium Std #2

Phase

Tim

e

Cesium Std #1

Phase

Tim

e

Cesium Std #3

PhaseTim

e




126

Cesium Std #2Phase

Tim

e

Cesium Std #1

Phase

Tim

e

Cesium Std #3

PhaseTim

e

Which one is off?




127

Cesium Std #2

Phase

Tim

e

Cesium Std #1

Phase

Tim

e

Cesium Std #3

PhaseTim

e

Correct! Cesium #1

is off!


Detecting Clock Drift Caused by Spoofing

•Requires comparison of 3 independent sources minimum. Any 3 of the following:

128

1) Cesium

2) GPS

3) GLONASS

4) Galileo

5) BEIDOU


PTP Probing for Advanced Spoofing Detection

GALILEOT

PTP G8275.2PTP G8275.2

Routed Network

GLONASSGPS

PTP G8275.2PTP G8275.2

PTP G8275.2

PTP G8275.2

Grand Master #1 Grand Master #2 Grand Master #3

PTP Probe

GM3 T1&T4 Vs GPS

PTP Clock Probe

GM1 T1&T4 Vs GPSPTP Clock Probe

GM2 T1&T4 Vs GNSPTP Clock Probe

GM4 T1&T4 Vs GNSPTP Clock Probe

GM0 T1&T4 Vs GAL

PTP Clock Probe

GM2 T1&T4 Vs GAL

Use PTP Clock Probing and Majority Voting to

detect clock drift between Adjacent GMs

Alternate GNSS constellations can be used (GPS,

GLONASS, GALILEO or BEIDOU)

GALILEO


Cell site 1st mile 2nd mile Aggregation Core (IP/MPLS)

OSA Product Line Overview -2018

OSA 5420 & OSA 5421OSA 541x

Radio

Base StationUE

UE

Backhaul

OSA 5401

1-64 Clients , PTP

GM/Sync-E

FSP NM End to End Synchronization Network Management

8-64 Clients , PTP

GM/BC/Slave/Probe/1xT

DM/Sync-E

128-1024 Clients , PRC/PRTC/PTP

PTP/NTP

GM/BC/Slave/Probe/32xTDM/PPS/

TOD/CLK/Sync-E

100s to 1000s of Clients , PRC/ePRC /PRTC/ePRTC/PTP

GM/NTP/160xTDM/Sync-E

Core

OSA 33XX Optical Cs PRC/PRTC/ePRTC

OSA 5405-I/O

OSA 5430 NG GM/SSU/ePRTC


Introduction to OSA 5401


OSA 5401 SyncPlug

New!Sync-E

Input/Output

PPS output

(MMCX)

LED

(Indications)

Optional

MMCX to

SMA can

ordered

GNSS Input

with Cost

Effective

Antenna Kits

(SMA)

PTP GM/BC

G.8265-1

G.8275-1

G.8275.2


Distributed Architecture Using Syncplug

T-GM

GNSS

PTP

Grandmaster


GNSS

T-SC

T-SC

Small Cells

OSA 5420 Mini-GM

T-SC

T-SC

T-SC

OSA 5401

Mini-GM

OSA 5401

BC

OSA 5401

GNSS

OSA 5401

1PPS T-SC


OSA 5405 Small Cell Solutions

© 2018 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.135135 © 2018 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.135135© 2017 ADVA Optical Networking. All rights reserved. Confidential.1212

What it takes to put a GPS antenna on the roof ?

Roof top antenna installation is very costly – can reach 1K-10K

USD per site

• Get a permit to get into the roof (might need to pay for additional

antenna)

• Pay for the GNSS antenna kit

• Install the LRM-400 cable and lighting protector (very thick cable

and hard to install)

• Pay for the installation cost (technician)

• Limited length – up to 120m without amplifier


What is the alternative?

• Integrated GNSS antenna with PTP grand master

• Standards Ethernet/IP connectivity

• Easy and cost effective installation - Indoor or simple outdoor locations

• No need to compensate for cable delay (two way time transfer)

• Fiber can be used for very long distances – better protection against lightening


OSA 5405 Indoor – GNSS + PTP GM


The Solution OSA 5405 – Indoor PRTC/GM• Window/Wall/Ceiling mounting options

• Two Integrated GPS/GLONASS/BEIDOU/SBAS/GALILEO GNSS Dual receivers

• Fix positioning and survey in (single satellite mode)

• A-GPS (Almanac & Ephemeris data through network to assist with GNSS signal)

• External antenna option

• Sync-E input and output

• PTP input (backup)

• Combo I/F Fiber/Copper

• Power – PoE via RJ-45

• PTP Grandmaster and PRTC

• Profiles - G.8265.1 (L3 unicast), G.8275.1 (L2 multicast), Telecom 2008 and default profiles

• PPS/CLK Test Point

• High quality OCXO (Stratum 3E)

• In band management

• Support 802.1Q VLANs & CoS as per 802.1Q

• Logs/syslog/RADIUS/SNMPV2&V3

• CLI/SSH/GUI

• Low touch provisioning - Plug-and-Play features

• Discovery

• Configuration

• Industry leading Out-of-Band Rejection

• High bond tape for glass installation

• Rugged, low profile housing for minimum visibility

• ESD protection

• FSP NM used for alarms and SNMP traps

Reuse of existing IP’sand design from OSA

5401 SFP


Small Cell Sync – OSA 5405- Indoor

• Features

• PTP capacity up to 32 Slaves• Cost effective• Integrated PTP GM and GNSS

antenna – no need for externalantenna

• Can be installed on a window• Multi GNSS

(GPS/BEIDOU/GLONASS)• Multiple protection options (Sync-

E/PTP)• Support frequency and phase

telecom profiles

PTP+PoE

ETH

GNSS/PRTC/PTP GM

H1/17


GPS Signals Thorough Building Materials

Source - Microsoft Research, Redmond , University of Virginia


Simple test using smartphone…

• https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.androits.gps.te

st.free&hl=en

• Can be used for simple site survey before planning trial/installation

https://play.google.com/store/apps/details?id=com.androits.gps.test.free&hl=en




The Solution OSA 5405– Outdoor PRTC/GM• OSA 5405 Outdoor

• Outdoor waterproof • External-Wall/Roof mounting options

• Integrated GPS/GLONASS/BEIDOU/SBAS/GALILEO GNSS Dual receivers• Fix positioning and survey in (single satellite mode)

• A-GPS (Almanac & Ephemeris data through network to assist with GNSS signal)• Sync-E/PTP input (backup) • Combo I/F Fiber/Copper• Power – PoE via RJ-45• PTP Grandmaster and PRTC

• Profiles - G.8265.1 (L3 unicast), G.8275.1 (L2 multicast), Telecom 2008 and default profiles

• Accuracy - G.8272 : +/-100nsec form UTC• PPS/CLK Test Point• High quality OCXO (Stratum 3E)• In band management• Support 802.1Q VLANs & CoS as per 802.1Q• Logs/syslog/RADIUS/TACACS+/SNMPV2&V3• CLI/SSH/GUI

• Low touch provisioning - Plug-and-Play features• Discovery

• Configuration• Industry leading Out-of-Band Rejection• Rugged, low profile housing for minimum visibility• ESD protection• FSP NM used for alarms and SNMP traps

RJ- 45

PTP+PoEFiber

PTP

Reuse of existing IP’sand design from OSA

5401 SFP


Occurrence of Multipath signals in the urban canyon environment

Invisible (NLOS)

GNSS satellite

Direct waveDiffractive

wave

Reflective wave

Direct waveMultipath signals

not accompanying

direct wave

Multipath signals

accompanying

direct wave

GNSS Antenna

Signal propagation

delay due to path

difference from

direct wave

※ Signal propagation delay occurs

at multipath against direct wave.

Multipath signals created by objects surrounded by GPS Antenna and it can be determined as two

scenarios. One is multipath signals accompanying direct wave if the GNSS is visible (LOS), the other one

is multipath signals not accompanying direct wave when GNSS is invisible(NLOS).

Multipath

signals

Visible (LOS)

GNSS satellite LOS

GNSS satellite

NLOS

GNSS satellite

Diffractive wave

Reflective wave


OSA 5405-O Mounting Options

• Can be installed on a wall and on pole


• TD-LTE, phase/time synch required

• No more than 32 small cells per building

• Small cells are covering lobby areas, foodcourts often in lower floors that is thereason for the long distance to the GPSantenna

• switches with RJ45 & SFP ports providingthe power and connectivity to the smallcells.

• Switch has GM/BC options

• RF cabling from the GPS antenna to theEstimated max distance from the switch tothe antenna 100m - 250m

• Length over 150m is problmtic

• Installtion of RF cable is very expansive

<Change information classification in footer>

Synchronization solution – Indoor Small CellsGPS antenna connected to switch using RF cable

GPS

RF cable length

PoE++ SwitchSmall cells

SwitchSmall Cells



Synchronization solution – Indoor Small Cells

Alternative solution from ADVA/OSA• 5405-O Integrated GNSS-GM external

mount

• <100m

• CAT5E GE to switch• (POE from switch)

• >100m

• SFP (e.g. multimode fibre)• POE from local injector

• Other mounting options (lowerexternal wall)

• Internal window mount (5405-I)

• Several units can provide redundancy

5405-O

GM

SwitchSmall Cells

PoE + PTP



Synchronization solution – Indoor Small Cells

Alternative solution from ADVA/OSA

• 5405-I Integrated GNSS-GM indoor

mount

• <100m

• CAT5E GE to switch• (POE from switch)

• >100m

• SFP (e.g. multimode fibre)

• POE from local injector

• Mounted on the window (internally)

• Several units can provide redundancy

5405-I

GM

SwitchSmall Cells

PoE + PTP


OSA 5335/OSA 5548C-SSU/TSG

TL1

FSP NM andFSP Sync Manager

GE114S/SH, EG-X, GE206v, …OSA 5410/OSA 5411/OSA 542x/5331

SNMP SNMP SNMP

Generic support by FSP NM

SyncView Plus

PRO EM

Element Management

Layer

HTTP WebUI

Network Managementand Sync Management

Layer

OSA 540 x

CLI (SSH/Telnet)


OSA 540X Vs. Microsemi IGMMiniature Scale GM and BC Comparison

• IGM-1100 I & X– Indoor PTP GM and GNSS

• IGM-1100 O – Outdoor PTP GM and GNSS• OSA 5401 – GNSS /PTP Grandmaster/BC/Slave Clock in SFP

• OSA 5405-I - Indoor PTP GM and GNSS• OSA 5405-O - Outdoor PTP GM and GNSS


OSA 5405 Fiber Antenna Application

POE injector (Power Over Ethernet)

PT

P O

ver F

iber

OSA 542X

PRS – Primary Reference Source

BITS Clock – OSA 5548C Timing Signal Generator

• Extends the range between GPS antennas and equipment to over 20 miles• Fiber links are immune to RF interference problems associated with coax• Ideal for Data Centers, Central Office and military installations• Provides a fiber security break and insulates from lightning strikes

NTP

PTP

SYNC-E

DS1

CC

OSA5405-O

1063904620-01


Introduction to OSA 541X


OSA 541X is “all in one”, Cost Effective Sync Toolbox

can be used for the following:

Sync Delivery using 1588v2 Telecom Slave/ Boundary /Master Clocks

/GPS /GNSS /Sync-E /BITS

Sync Assurance using Active/Passive probing and monitoring of Sync

(Sync SLA, network PDV)

First level testing

Mini-GM Sync ProbeBC Slave


Main Features Sync Delivery Tools:

1588v2 Ordinary Slave Clock

1588v2 Boundary Clock

1588v2 Grand Master Clock

GNSS/GPS , Sync-E and BITS

Sync Assurance Tools:

Clock Accuracy (2 x Clock Probes – TE/TIE/MTIE of physical clocks)

Clock Analysis (4 x PTP Clock Probes – packet TE/TIE/MTIE)

PTP Network Analysis (PTP network Probe – PDV statistics, loss…)


OSA 5410 Front Panel Interfaces

Management

LAN

RS-232

Serial Port

BITS

OUT

BITS

IN

1PPS & ToD

Over RJ-45

GPS

Antenna

CLK-IN

1PPS-IN

CLK-IN/OUT

PPS-IN/OUT

2 x 10/100/1000

Copper

2 x 10/100/1000

Fiber

USB

3G Modem


OSA 5411Hot swappable Dual AC and/or DC PSU

Three oscillator options:

• Quartz

• Rubidium

• High Quality Quartz (HQ++)

Same Software features set as OSA 5410


OSA 541X –Slave Clock

High Performance Slave Clock

Mini-GM Sync ProbeBC Slave


SyncJack – Verifying The Sync

Software feature that measures and reports the status/state of the sync network

Embedded in all ADVA Synchronization products

Analogous to Perf Mon and Bit Error Rate in traditional networks

Unique Differentiator From Competition


OSA 541X Highlights Cost effective Sync solution for existing and NG networks

• Synchronous Ethernet -G.8262 and G.8264 compliant

• Access and network port

BITS In & Out

Clock (10MHz) and 1PPS IN/OUT interfaces and ToD over RJ-45

Embedded GNSS receiver

• GPS/GLONASS/GPS+GLONASS

• Galileo and Beidou (h/w ready)

PRC/PRTC (PRC-G.811, PRTC –G.8272)

Quartz , HQ++ Quartz/Rubidium (5411)

IEEE 1588v2

• Grandmaster clock (Mini GM) – 8 to 64 remote unicast clients

• Boundary clock – 8 to 64 remote unicast clients

• Slave clock – Outstanding performance in challenging networks

• PTP Telecom Profile for Frequency Synchronization – ITU-T G.8265.1

• PTP Telecom Profile for Time/Phase Synchronization – ITU-T G.8275.1

• PTP Enterprise profile Mix IP Multicast/Unicast

• IEEE 1588 2008 Over L2 multicast (Annex F)

Syncjack Technology

• Clock Accuracy – 2 x Clock Probes

• Clock Analysis - 4 x PTP Clock Probe

• PTP Network Analysis 1xPTP Network Probe

• Two Ethernet combo interfaces

• For PTP traffic

• Industrial Temperature (-40 C to +65 C)

• NEBS compliant

• AC/48DC/24DC power options

• Integrated or Dual hot swappable PSU

• Small foot-print two boxes side by side in one rack unit


• Cost effective IEEE 1588 grandmaster for up to 1024 RPD

• G.8275.2 and G.8275.1 PTP Profiles

• Hardware timestamping for +/-100nsec phase accuracy from UTC

• Optional GPS/GNSS

• Support for PTP and management over IPv6

• Multiple Fiber/Copper SFP 100M/1G

OSA 542x Synchronizes Cable Networks

Perfectly Sized for DAA

Successful interop test with several CCAP Cores & RPDs at Excentis & CableLabs

OSA 5420 Series – Multi-Technology

PTP Grandmaster, NTP Server, GNSS

Receiver


Cost-effective PTP GM clock, up to 1024 clients

4 Physical Ports per 1 RU, modular expansion to 12 physical ports

Multiple choices of oscillator holdover options, price vs performance Industry-

leading temperature operating environments

OSA 542X Advantage “Swiss Knife”

PTP

GM/BC/SlaveNTP

Server SSU

Multiple I/F

fan-outSyncprobe


OSA 542X Front Panel Interfaces Management

LAN

RS-232

Serial Port

BITS

OUT

BITS

IN

1PPS & ToD

Over RJ-45

GPS

Antenna

CLK-IN

1PPS-IN

CLK-IN/OUT

PPS-IN/OUT

2 x 10/100/1000

Copper

4x 10/100/1000

Fiber

USB

ModemRedundant

Hot-swappable

PSU (AC/DC)

Expansion Slots


OSA 542X GNSS for Enhanced Services

GNSS Option

• Standard feature on all OSA 542X

• Only Requires adding Antenna System

• Enables enhanced services

• Supports T1/E1 Circuit Emulation & Business Services Over DOCSIS

• Supports Stratum 1 PRS and BITS Requirements for TDM

• Enables UTC Traceable TOD Distribution via PTP

• Enables NTP Server Option

• HW Time-Stamping

• High Capacity Supports 8000 RPS

• Allows Offering Timing As A Service – TAAS


Oscillator Recommended Choices for R-PHY

• “Standard” OCXO

• Better than Stratum 3E/G.812 Type III

• Aging/Day: +- 5e-10

• Temp Stability: +- 50e-10

• Phase Holdover: 1 month @ 16ppb

• “HQ+” High Quality OCXO

• Better than G.812 Type I

• Aging/Day: +- 1e-10

• Temp Stability: +- 2e-10

• Phase Holdover: 0.5 years @ 16ppb

Quartz

Both options meet R-PHY specifications

HQ+


OSA 5420 Expansion Cards

16 x BITS E1/T1

16 x BITS outputs using RJ-48/BNC patch panel ; T1 balance (100Ω), E1 balanced (120Ω), E1 unbalanced (75Ω), 2.048MHz

E1/2.048MHz Configured in group of 8

16 x 1PPS unbalanced (50Ω) or 16 x CLK (10Mhz,50Ω)

16 x 1PPS unbalanced (50Ω), 16 x CLK (10Mhz,50Ω

16 x 1PPS + ToD

16 x 1PPS + ToD over RJ-45

4 x 1G Fiber Ethernet ports

Support Sync-E /PTP/NTP

Support copper SFP

16xBITS

16xCLK/PPS

16xToD+PPS

4x1G Ethernet


OSA 542X SSU with up to 32 x E1/T1 outputs

OSA 5420 with 32 BITS DistributionGNSS

PTP/BITS/10M/BITS/Sync-E

Backup

OSA 5420 Quartz HQ+

32XBITS


OSA 542X’s can be combine to create a fully redundant SSU

OSA 542X Protected SSU up to 64 BITSGNSS GNSS

Customer

NE

OSA 5421 Quartz HQ++/Rb OSA 5420 Quartz HQ+

E1/T1/2M E1/T1/2M


PTP/NTP/Sync-E Fan-out

• Can support to 12 PTP/NTP/Sync-E Ethernet ports

• Hardware timestamping

• Fiber/Copper/Copper SFP 100M/1G

12 x PTP/NTP/Sync-E


• IEEE 1588-2000 (PTP v2) GM/BC/Slave• Sync probing and assurance using SyncjackTM technology • Sync-E/PTP/NTP on all ports • Max 1024 clients @ max 128 pps • Configurable profile:

─ ITU-T G.8265.1, and 8275.1/2 profiles

─ Default profile over L2 and L3

─ Telecom profile – 2008

─ Enterprise profile (Hybrid profile)

• PRTC support with GPS/GLONASS/Beidou /Galileo• Hot Swappable AC or DC Power Supplies• Hardware-based time stamps, packet processing• Up to 12x1G ports with SFP – (Optical or Electrical)• Up to 32xBITS E1/T1 ports • Rubidium , DOCXO+ (HQ++) DOCXO (HQ+) and OCXO (Qz) oscillators• Telecom grade management - GUI , SNMP and CLI management

OSA 5420 Key Features


OSA 5430 – Synchronization “Big Swiss Knife“

PTP

GM/BC/Slave

NTP

Server SSUMultiple I/F

fan-out Syncprobe


Supporting Multiple Applications

G.8265.1 Enterprise G.8275.2 G.8275.1

2G/3G/LTE

FDD BSDOCSIS 3.1 MIFID iiLTE TDD/LTE-A BS

NTP


R-PHY

DOCSIS Phase Delivery Using PTP

GNSS

PTP

Grandmaster IP #2



GNSS

PTP

Grandmaster IP #1

• Phase Delivery (R-PHY and CMTS) - +/-100usec

• IP (V4/V6) Unicast – End to End – G.8275.2 profile

Slave

PTP

PTP+Sync-E

PTP+Sync-E

R-PHYSlave

R-PHY Slave


OSA 5430 Front Panel Interfaces

Management

LAN

RS-232

Serial Port

CLK 1 I/O

BITS I/O

1PPS & ToD I/O

Over RJ-45

GNSS

Antenna PPS I/O

4x 1G/10G

Fiber

Redundant

Dual feed

Hot-swappable

PSU (DC)Expansion Slot

Status

LED’s

CLK 2 I/O

AUXCSM A CSM B

RS-232

Serial Port

GNSS

Antenna

4x 1G/10G

Fiber

Status

LED’s


PSU AUX

SYNC PTP Gear

GNSS

SYNC PTP Gear

GNSS

Eth

po

rts

+Syn

c-E (

e.g

. to

ALU

77X

X)

CSM_1 CSM_2

CPU CPU

PSUs

DCNTraffic (PTP/NTP) + Sync-E

Internal control

DCN (OOB)

Can also be in band

via traffic ports of each CSM

Eth

po

rts

+Syn

c-E (

e.g

. to

ALU

77X

X)

5430 Dual Server Block Diagram


OSA 5430 Oscillator Options

Each of the CSM include one of the following oscillator options

“Quartz” OCXO– better than Stratum 3E/G.812 Type III

“Quartz HQ+“ High quality DOCXO- better than G.812 Type I

“Quartz HQ++“ High quality DOCXO - better than Stratum 2/G.812 Type I/II

“Rubidium” better than Stratum 2/G.812 Type I/II


• IEEE 1588-2000 (PTP v2) GM/BC/Slave• Sync probing and assurance using SyncjackTM technology • Sync-E/PTP/NTP on all ports • Max 2048 clients @ max 128 pps • Configurable profile:

─ ITU-T G.8265.1, and 8275.1/2 profiles─ Default profile over L2 and L3─ Telecom profile – 2008─ Enterprise profile (Hybrid profile)

• PRTC support with GPS/GLONASS/Beidou /Galileo• Built-in hardware redundancy - GNSS, Management, Traffic Ports, Clock, Power • Hardware-based time stamps, packet processing• Up to 8x10G ports with SFP+• Up to 12x1G ports with SFP – (Optical or Electrical)• Up to 16xBITS E1/T1 ports • Rubidium , DOCXO+ (HQ++) DOCXO (HQ+) and OCXO (Qz) oscillators• Modular and redundant design, low MTTR• Telecom grade management - GUI , SNMP and CLI management

OSA 5430 Key Features


• 16 x BITS E1/T1

• 16 x BITS outputs using RJ-48/BNC patch panel ; T1 balance (100Ω), E1 balanced (120Ω), E1 unbalanced (75Ω), 2.048MHz

• Each line configured independently

• 4 x 1G Fiber Ethernet ports

• Support Sync-E/PTP/NTP

• Support copper SFP on roadmap

OSA 5430

16xBITS

4x1G Ethernet


Same patch panels as OSA 542X

• Patch panels are connected to the OSA 5420/30 line cards using HD cable

• Each unit include two exchangeable panels each with 16 outputs

• Each of the groups can connected to:

• 16 x BITS over BNC (ASYMM)

• 16 x BITS over RJ-48 (SYMM)

OSA 5430 Expansion Cards


OSA 5430The intention of the demo is to show the performance achieved using OSA 5430

configured as PTP Grand master over 10G interface.

OSA 5430 connected to GPS antenna and to Calnex Paragon-X tester

GNSS antenna PTP over 10G Management


Test Results – Time Error

Time Error within +/-

100nsec (+/-40nsec)


5420/30 Sync assuranceprobing and monitoring


Syncjack GUI Concept

Several layers of indicators allowing

for step by step monitoring and

troubleshooting

First layer provides global indication

of the Synchronization status

Second layer shows performance

indication of each reporting tool

Third layer provides detailed

information for fault localization of

performance analysis

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2

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