orwell’s animal farm vs. the russian revolution
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Orwell’s Animal Farm VS. The Russian Revolution. Mrs. Prieur. Russian Society. Russia was in an appalling state of poverty while the Tsar lived in luxury. There was tremendous dissatisfaction among working class people. Czar Nicholas II. Czar Nicholas II. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Orwell’s Animal Farm VS.
The Russian Revolution
Mrs. Prieur
Russian Society
Russia was in an appalling state of poverty while the Tsar lived in luxury. There was tremendous dissatisfaction among working class people.
Czar Nicholas
II
Czar Nicholas II
A poor leader at best, compared to western leaders
Cruel - sometimes brutal with opponents
Sometimes kind - hired students as spies
Nicholas II
Believed he was the unquestionable leader of Russia appointed by God.
Had unarmed protesters murdered in the streets in 1905.
KARL MARX:
THE FATHER OF
COMMUNISM
Marx
Marx believed that the private ownership of land
should be abolished.
Marx
Believed in a “Communal” way of life where everyone shared in prosperity.
MarxInvented Communism“Workers of the world unite",
take over governmentDied before Russian Revolution
Communism
All people equalGovernment owns everything, People own government
LeninLenin adopted Marx’s ideas. He
believed that the bourgeoisie (middle class) exploited the workers and must therefore be overthrown.
Vladimir Lenin
Lenin
Lenin understood the emotional impact of simple, powerful slogans like
“Workers of the world unite!”
Lenin
Changed Russia’s name to the USSR (United Soviet
Socialist Republic)
Lenin Dies
It is believed Lenin ordered Nicholas II murdered
When Lenin died, there was a power struggle between Trotsky and Stalin.
Leon Trotsky
One of the leaders of "October Revolution“ along with Lenin and Stalin
Believed in “pure” communism, followed Marx
Trotsky
Trotsky
Trotsky was a brilliant speaker. With Lenin he succeeded in overthrowing the government in October 1917. Lenin was the President, Trotsky the Commissar for Foreign Affairs.
Commissar
Former name of a head of a government department in the Soviet Union. Like Secretary of State
TrotskyTrotsky favored world
revolution. He wanted to improve life for
all RussiansChased away by Lenin's KGB
(Lenin's secret police)
Civil War
From 1918 –1921 there was civil war. Foreign countries including Britain, France, Poland and USA were alarmed at the spread of communism but the Red Army (the Bolsheviks) led by Trotsky proved successful.
JosephStalin
Stalin
Stalin continually opposed Trotsky
He was an average speaker; not educated like Trotsky
Didn't exactly follow Marx's ideas
Stalin
Craved power, willing to kill for it
Used KGB, allowed church, and utilized propaganda
Information spread with the intention of furthering a specific idea or cause.
The manipulation and control of language.
Propaganda
Propaganda Department of Stalin’s government
Worked for Stalin to support his political views
Deliberate lies were used to convince the people to follow Stalin
Stalin
Benefited from the fact that education was controlled
Stalin takes ControlIn his sinister way, Stalin secured his power base, and engineered the permanent exile of Trotsky in 1929.
The exiled Trotsky was still very useful to Stalin as he now had Trotsky to blame for all the problems and difficulties that Russia suffered.
Politburo :
This was the policy-making body of the Communist party’s Central Committee. In reality it was merely a force to carry out Stalin’s orders and secure his position as dictator.
Cheka/OGPU/NKVD/KGB :
These were the various names/ initials given to the secret police during Stalin’s dictatorship.
KGB - Secret Police
Not really police, but forced all to support Stalin
Used force; often killed entire families for minor disobedience
Totally loyal, part of Lenin's power, even over army
Religion
Marx said religion was the “opiate of the people" and a lie
He believed it was only used to make people not complain and do their work
Religion
Religion was tolerated because people would work and not complain
Stalin knew religion would stop violent revolutions
Tricked Dedicated Supporters
People believed Stalin because he was "Communist"
Many stayed loyal after it was obvious Stalin was a tyrant
Supporters were ultimately betrayed by Stalin who ignored and killed them
Overall details of Russian Revolution
Supposed to fix problems from Czar
Life was even worse long after revolution
Stalin made Czar look like a nice guy
Kulaks :
These were the land-owning peasants who did not want their farms to be collectivized after the revolution. From 1929, Stalin began to exterminate them as a class.
5 Year Plans
From 1927-1932, new economic plans, called the five-year plans, were introduced. The purpose was to improve industry
Germany and Great Britain :
Stalin negotiated with both Germany and Great Britain. The Russo-German pact of August 1939 allowed Russia to occupy eastern Poland while Germany occupied the rest.
Germany and Great Britain
On 22 June, 1941, Germany attacked her ally Russia without warning. Thus the unholy alliance between Nazism and Communism fell apart and Russia formed an alliance with Britain and the USA.
Cold War begins
The Tehran conference in 1943 presented the Soviet Union, Britain and America as allies. However, by the end of the Second World War, the Soviet Union became an enemy of its allies as the Cold War intensified.
George Orwell
Who is Who
Mr. Jones- Czar Nicholas IIOld Major- LeninSnowball- TrotskyNapoleon- Stalin
Who is Who
Dogs-KGBWindmill- 5 year planMajor’s Skull-Lenin’s BodyBattle of the Cowshed- Russian Civil War
Who is Who
Frederick- Hitler Animal Executions – Stalin’s Purge Battle of the Windmill – World War II Card Game- Tehran Conference Pilkington- FDR
QuestionsforAnalysis
#1
Who had the ideas in the beginning that inspired the rebellions?
#2
What are the real enemies of Communism according to Marx, Lenin, Stalin and Trotsky?
#3 and #4
Who does Stalin blame anytime a problem arises? Why do you think Stalin blames this person?
#5 and #6
Who would you associate with this quote? Marx, Lenin Stalin or Trotsky? Why did you choose that person?
“All men are equal but some are more equal than others”
#7
Compare the lives of Russians when they lived under Czar Nicholas and when they lived under Stalin.
#8 Who is this?
Tells of a dream that leads to Rebellion and inspires others.
#9 Who is this?
Leader of the rebellion that drives out Czar Nicholas II.
#10 Who is this?
Leader of Rebellion that is driven out of Russia and later killed in Mexico.
#11 Who is this?
Leader of the Rebellion that drives out his competition and starts to purge those that disagree or may disagree with him.
#12 Who is this?
Branch of Government that enforces Stalin’s rules.