orthoptera (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). neoptera plecoptera phasmida orthoptera zoraptera...
TRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
ORTHOPTERA
(grasshoppers, crickets, katydids)
![Page 2: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
Neoptera
Plecoptera
PhasmidaOrthoptera
Zoraptera
Blattaria
GrylloblattodeaMantophasmatodea
EmbiodeaDermaptera
MantodeaIsoptera
PsocopteraPhthirapteraThysanopteraHemipteraColeopteraRhaphidiopteraMegalopteraNeuropteraHymenopteraMecopteraSiphonapteraDipteraStrepsiptera
TrichopteraLepidoptera
Polyneoptera
Paraneoptera
Neuropterida
Panorpida?
= Orthopteroid orders
✓✓
✓
![Page 3: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
Orthoptera
Number of Species
Common names
Distinguishing characteristics
Other features
Typical habitats
Hexapod Orders
23,000
Grasshoppers, locusts, crickets, katydids
Ortho - straight, ptera - wing
- vegetation, worldwide
-ovipositor-saltatorial hind legs
-first group to use sound in communication
![Page 4: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
Orthopteran Phylogeny
![Page 5: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
Fossil Crickets & grasshoppers
![Page 6: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
Characteristics of Orthoptera
1. Chewing Mouthparts
![Page 7: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Characteristics of Orthoptera
2. Saltatorial Hind Legs
![Page 8: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
Two Suborders of Orthoptera
1. Caelifera - Grasshoppers
-diurnal, jumping- short antennae- terrestrial (not arboreal)
- nocturnal, walking- long antennae- arboreal
2. Ensifera - katydids, crickets
![Page 9: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
Sound Production
Ensifera
![Page 10: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
Sound production - stridulation
![Page 11: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
Sound production - stridulation
![Page 12: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
Sound production - stridulation
Katydid song
Cricket song
![Page 13: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
Sound production - stridulation
![Page 14: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Sound production - habitat modification
Mole cricket song
![Page 15: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
Phylogeny of Stridulation
From Gwynne 1995
![Page 16: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
Sound ReceptionEnsifera
![Page 17: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Ensifera - hearing
![Page 18: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Ensifera - hearing
![Page 19: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
Sound Production
Caelifera
![Page 20: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Sound Reception
Caelifera
![Page 21: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
Sound Reception
![Page 22: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Orthoptera - Camouflage
Caelifera
![Page 23: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
Ensifera - Camouflage/Mimicry
![Page 24: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
Orthoptera - Camouflage
Ensifera
![Page 25: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
Ensifera - Nutrients to Female
![Page 26: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
Ensifera - Nutrients to Female
![Page 27: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
Inject male with radioactive protein
Spermatophore takes up
radioactive protein
Spermatophore passed to female
Eggs contain radioactive protein
Does the female get the nutrients?
![Page 28: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
Ensifera - Nutrients to Female
Amount of spermatophylax eaten
Protein in diet Female size
Egg size
% surviving
Number of eggs
Son: length of time as a juvenile
Daughter: length of time as a juvenile
Son’s sizeSpermatophylax
size
Number of eggs
Daughter’s size
![Page 29: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
Some representative Orthoptera
Ensifera
Hagloidea- grigs, Cyphoderris
Gryllidae - crickets, mole crickets
![Page 30: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
Some representative Orthoptera
Ensifera
Stenopalmatidae - Jerusalem cricket & wetas
Tettigoniidae - katydids
![Page 31: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Some representative Orthoptera
Caelifera
Acrididae- Grasshoppers & locusts
![Page 32: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
Economic Importance
Schistocerca gregaria - migratory locust
Solitary Dispersing
![Page 33: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
Economic Importance
Schistocerca gregaria - migratory locust
Solitary Dispersing
![Page 34: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
Economic Importance
Schistocerca gregaria - migratory locust
•
![Page 35: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
Locust outbreaks - Australia
![Page 36: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
Economic Importance
![Page 37: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
Economic Importance
![Page 38: ORTHOPTERA (grasshoppers, crickets, katydids). Neoptera Plecoptera Phasmida Orthoptera Zoraptera Blattaria Grylloblattodea Mantophasmatodea Embiodea Dermaptera](https://reader033.vdocuments.site/reader033/viewer/2022061509/56649ed05503460f94bddf38/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
Economic Importance