organizational development & structure

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Organizational Development & Organizational Structure RAHUL BABAR

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Page 1: Organizational Development & Structure

Organizational Development&

Organizational Structure

RAHUL BABAR

Page 2: Organizational Development & Structure

Organizational Development

Organization development (OD) is a deliberately planned, organization-wide effort to increase 

an organization's effectiveness and/or efficiency and/or to enable the organization to 

achieve its strategic goals.

Page 3: Organizational Development & Structure

Characteristics of ODPlanned Change

Comprehensive ChangeEmphasis upon workgroups

Long-range changeParticipation of change agentEmphasis on interventionCollaborative managementOrganizational culture

Action research

Page 4: Organizational Development & Structure

Objectives of OD1. To  increase  the  level  of  inter-personal  trust  among 

employees.2. To  increase  employees  level  of  satisfaction  and 

commitment.3. To confront problems instead of neglecting them.4. To effectively manage conflict.5. To  increase  cooperation  and  collaboration  among  the 

employees.6. To increase the organization's problem solving.7. To  put  in  place  processes  that  will  help  improve  the 

ongoing  operation  of  the  organization  on  a  continuous basis.

Page 5: Organizational Development & Structure

Process of OD

Problem Identification & diagnosis

Planning strategy for Change

Intervening in the system

Evaluation

Page 6: Organizational Development & Structure

OD Intervention Techniques

A Set of sequenced, planned actions or events intended to help an organization to increase its 

effectiveness.

Grid TrainingSensitivity Training

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Factors that impact the success of OD interventions

Readiness to change Capability to change

Cultural context Capability of OD Consultant

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Page 9: Organizational Development & Structure

Sensitivity Training or T-Group training

It provides the employees with increased awareness of their own behaviour and how 

others perceive them, greater sensitivity to the behaviour of others, and increased understanding of group awareness.

Page 10: Organizational Development & Structure

Grid Training

A multistep process designed to cultivate concern for people and concern for task 

completion

Based on Blake & Mouton managerial grid concept.

Page 11: Organizational Development & Structure

Grid Training

Page 12: Organizational Development & Structure

Organizational Structure

It is a framework within which an organization arranges it’s lines of authorities and 

communications and allocates rights and duties

Page 13: Organizational Development & Structure

Why do we need Organizational Structure?

All organizations have a management structure that determines the relationships b/w 

functions and positions and subdivides and delegates roles, responsibilities and authority 

to carry out defined tasks.

Page 14: Organizational Development & Structure

Line Organisational Structure

A line organisation has only direct, verticalrelationships between different levels in the 

firm.

Page 15: Organizational Development & Structure

Advantages:1. Tends to simplify and clarify authority, 

responsibility and accountability relationships2. Promotes fast decision making

3. Simple to understand

Disadvantages:1. Neglects specialists in planning

2. Overloads key persons.

Page 16: Organizational Development & Structure

Line & Staff Structure

Most large organisations belong to this type of organisational structure. These organisations have direct, vertical relationships between 

different levels and also specialists responsible for advising and assisting line managers. Such 

organisations have both line and staff departments. 

Page 17: Organizational Development & Structure
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Advantages:1. Committee decisions are better than individual decisions2. Better interaction between committee members leads 

to better co-ordination of activities3. Committee members can be motivated to participate in 

group decision making.4. Group discussion may lead to creative thinking.

Disadvantages:1. Committees may delay decisions, consume more time 

and hence more expensive.2. Group action may lead to compromise and indecision.

3. ‘Buck passing’ may result.

Page 19: Organizational Development & Structure

Functional Organizational StructureAn organisation where staff departments have authority over line personnel in narrow areas of specialization is 

known as functional authority organisation

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Divisional Organisational Structure

In this type of structure, the organisation can have different basis on which departments are 

formed.(i) Function,(ii) Product,(iii) Geographic territory,(iv) Project and(iv) Combination approach.

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Matrix Organisational Structure

It is a permanent organisation designed to achieve specific results by using teams of specialists from different functional areas in the organisation.

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Advantages:1. Decentralised decision making.

2. Strong product/project co-ordination.3. Improved environmental monitoring.

4. Fast response to change.5. Flexible use of resources.

6. Efficient use of support systems.

Disadvantages:1. High administration cost.

2. Potential confusion over authority and responsibility.3. High prospects of conflict.

4. Overemphasis on group decision making.5. Excessive focus on internal relations.

Page 24: Organizational Development & Structure

Hybrid Organisational Structure

Advantages

1. Alignment of corporate and divisional goals.

2. Functional expertise and efficiency.

3. Adaptability and flexibility in divisions.

Disadvantages

1. Conflicts between corporate departments and units.

2. Excessive administration overhead.

3. Slow response to exceptional situations.

Page 25: Organizational Development & Structure

THANKYOU !