organizational behavior gajaba

7/28/2019 Organizational Behavior Gajaba

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Introduction to Organization Behaviorand ConceptsPresented by

Gajaba Perera-Gunawardena

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Learning Outcomes Define organizational behavior

Understand the critical importance

of Organization Behavior inManaging Organizations

Understanding OrganizationBehavior Concepts

Illustrate how management ofbehavior in organizationcontribute org. success

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PEOPLE FOCUS

Each individual brings to an organization aunique set of personal characteristics,experiences from other organizations, andpersonal background.

Organizational behavior must therefore considerthe people who work in organizations from theunique perspective that each individual brings to

the work setting

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INTERDISCIPLINARY

FOCUS

Psychology

Anthropology

Economics

MedicineEngineering

Political

Science

Sociology

ORGANIZATIONAL

BEHAVIOR

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OB CONCEPTS

Individual Concepts

Social Concepts Organizational Concepts

Change & Development Concepts

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OB CONCEPTSIndividual Social Organizational OtherCONCEPTS CONCEPTS CONCEPTS CONCEPTS

Perception Groups Job Design Change

Personality Inter- group

Behavior Performance Development

Learning Leadership Appraisal

Creativity Power Reward SystemNeeds Politics Problem Solving

Motivation Decision-making

Attitudes Communication

Stress Org. Structure

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IMPORTANCE OF OB

The value of organizational behavior is that itisolates important aspects of the manager's joband offers specific perspectives on the manager's

human context: People As Organizations,

People As Resources, And

People As People.

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THE HUMAN CONTEXT OF OB

The human contextOf OB

People as

Resources

People as

People

People as

Organizations

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Wh D W St d


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Why Do We StudyOrganizational Behavior?

It has been argued that the key to competitiveadvantage is development of the company'shuman resources. This requires recruiting,selecting, training, motivating, and retaining thebest people the organization can find.

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In recent years, many challenges have facedmanagers in effectively utilizing human resources andmanaging behavior of individuals within

organizations. In general, business has become more

competitive. This increased competitiveness hasrequired increases in creativity, productivity, service,and quality.

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Practical Importance of OB The keyword in Organizational Behavior is

Behavior. While we are interested in things likeemployee satisfaction, commitment, and attitudes,our focus will be on explaining, understanding,predicting, and changing the behavior of individualsand consequently organizations.

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IMPORTANCE OF OB

Organizational behavior can greatly clarify the factorsthat affect the functions and roles of managers. The

field can also be useful in describing the complexhuman context in which the manager works, andin defining the problems associated therewith.

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Productivity Productivity

A performance measure including

effectiveness and efficiency Effectiveness

Achievement of goals

Efficiency The ratio of effective work output to the

input required to produce the work

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Ability job fit Jobs Make Differing Demands On People And

People Differ In In The Abilities They Possess.

Employee Performance Therefore IsEnhanced When There Is A High Ability JobFit

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What do we want?

We will define behavioral problems in terms of theBehavioral Gap; the difference betweendesired/expected behavior and observed/actual

behavior. More specifically, we will always attemptto define desired behavior in terms of theorganization's competitive advantage. In otherwords, we want people to perform in ways that help

us realize a strong competitive advantage

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To Change and Shape work Behavior

To achieve success,organizations require threefundamental types of behavior from individuals withinthem. They are:

Membership

Adequate Role Behavior (ARB)

Extra Role Behavior (ERB)

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http://www.cba.uri.edu/Scholl/WebTexts/Cases/Case1.html


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Membership

Organizations must find ways to recruit and retainemployees with the skills, knowledge, and growthpotential to realize their competitive strategies.

High levels of employee commitment is indication ofsuccessful strategies dealing with the employeemembership decision.

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Adequate Role Behavior(ARB)

Adequate Role Behavior consists of performing thetasks and minimum requirements specified in anindividual's job description.

ARB is successfully managed when individualsexhibit dependable behavior evidenced by meetingthe quantitative and qualitative standards ofperformance for their jobs.

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Extra Role Behavior (ERB)

Extra Role Behavior consists of performing tasks andfunctions beyond the minimal requirements of thejob. ERB is exhibited when individuals go well

beyond the minimum quantitative and qualitativestandards for their jobs.

ERB has also been referred to as OrganizationalCitizenship Behavior (OCB).

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Summary and Implications

OB is a field of study that investigates the impactthat individuals, groups, and structure have onbehavior within an organization.

OB focuses on improving productivity, reducingabsenteeism and turnover, and increasing employeejob satisfaction and organizational commitment.

OB focuses on sustaining three fundamental typesof behaviors leading to Organization success.

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organizational behavior gajaba

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