organelles biology i. plant cell cellular boundaries cell membrane: thin flexible barrier around...
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Organelles
Biology I
Plant Cell
Cellular boundaries
Cell membrane: thin flexible barrier around cells
Cell Wall: An inflexible barrier protects the cell and gives support found in
Bacteria Fungi Plants
Cytoplasm: clear gelatinous fluid inside a cell
Nucleus
Controls most of cell processes contains DNA
Contains material for making proteins Chromatin-
DNA bound to proteins When divides forms chromosomes Contain genetic info
Nucleus
Nucleolus: within the nucleus makes ribosomes
Nuclear envelope- double membrane around nucleus Filled with pores
allows genetic material to pass through
Animal Cells
Cytoskeleton provide support for the cell Made up of protein Microtubules-
provide shape tracks for organelle movement Help separate chromosomes
Microfillament Long thin fibers function to support cell
Support and Locomotion
Cilia: short hairlike projections move in a wavelike motion
Flagella: long projections move in a whip like motion
Paramecium Cilia
Euglena- Flagellum
Assembly, Transport and Storage
Endoplasmic reticulum: Parts of cell membrane are made
proteins are modified Ribosomes
proteins made
ER not for doctors anymore
Rough ER- proteins are modified here (synthesis) Ribosomes dot surface of Rough ER
Smooth ER- Enzymes perform specialized tasks
Golgi
Golgi Apparatus: Sort and
package proteins Send out
proteins to particular destinations
Mail room:)
Storage and deletion Vacuoles:
temporary storage of materials plants have a big Vacuole
Lysosomes- small organelles filled with enzymes Break down lipids, carbohydrates and
proteins Break down organelles which are no longer
useful
Energy Transfers
Chloroplasts: capture light energy produce food to store for a later time
Mitochandria: Transform energy for the cell. “Power house” of the cell Use energy from food
Plant Cells
Paramecium
Euglena