order proboscidea order sirenia family elephantidae … to know afrotheria2.pdf · order...
TRANSCRIPT
ORDER PROBOSCIDEA FAMILY ELEPHANTIDAE GENUS Elephas ORDER HYRACOIDEA FAMILY PROCAVIIDAE GENUS Procavia
ORDER SIRENIA FAMILY DUGONG GENUS Dugong FAMILY TRICHECHIDAE GENUS Trichechus ORDER TUBILDENTATA FAMILY ORYCTEROPODIDAE GENUS Orycteropus
ORDER
FAMILY ORYCTEROPODIDAE
GENUS: Orycteropus
FAMILY ORYCTEROPODIDAE
-teeth are flat-topped, lack enamel -mesial drift -diet: ants and termites -fossorial
Range: Africa, south of the Sahara
GENUS: Orycteropus
ORDER
FAMILY ELEPHANTIDAE
GENUS: Elephas
Range: Africa south of Sahara (Loxodon); Southern Asia (Elephas)
FAMILY ELEPHANTIDAE GENUS: Elephas
- mesial drift - lophodont teeth - ever-growing incisors (tusks) - herbivores - heavy skull lightened by air cavities - matrilines - 80 year lifespan - 18-24 month gestation
ORDER
FAMILY PROCAVIIDAE
GENUS: Procavia
FAMILY PROCAVIIDAE GENUS: Procavia
-special muscular pads on soles for traction on rocky areas and form ‘suction cups’ -upper incisors ever- growing -enamel only on front -herbivorous -nocturnal
Range: Africa, south of the Sahara but extends in E. Africa to the Middle East
ORDER
FAMILY DUGONGIDAE
GENUS: Dugong
FAMILY DUGONGIDAE
GENUS: Dugong
- has forelimbs, no hindlimbs -tail has two pointed projections -nasal bones reduced or absent -teeth are simple columnar - 2 tusk-like incisors - Stellar’s sea cow extinct (Bering Sea)
Range: E. Africa, S. Asia, and Australia coastal waters
FAMILY TRICHECHIDAE
GENUS: TrichechuS
FAMILY TRICHECHIDAE GENUS: TrichechuS
-round, paddle-like tail -no upper incisors -mesial drift -pachyostosis = dense rib bones used as ballast to fight buoyancy -only 6 cervical vertebrae
Range: N. and S. America warm coastal waters on Atlantic side; west Africa; sometimes migrate deep up rivers