optimization of stability of multistoried structure by...

Optimization of Stability of Multistoried

Structure by Changing Grades of Concrete in

Shear Wall Member

Manoj Patidar1, Sagar Jamle2

1M. Tech. Scholar, Department of Civil Engineering, Oriental University, Indore, M. P., India 2Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Oriental University, Indore, M. P., India

Abstract

The stability issue of a tall structure is now became the major issue, since the communities are approaching to the

cities that provides them amenities. Along with the stability issue, other thing is optimizations that maintain the

efficiency of the massive structure and its load to the soil that ultimately bears it. The current work demonstrates the

destructive effects of earthquake over a multistoried building. For this, Total 12 shear wall stability case residential

apartment building models are prepared and are assumed to be located at seismic zone III with shear wall located at

its core. These models have different shear wall thickness viz. 0.140m, 0.160m, 0.180m and 0.200m combined with

M20, M30 and M35 grades of concrete. Observing all the parameters, for making the multistoried building more

stable, it is necessary to increase the thickness of shear wall members with higher concrete grade.

Keywords – Base Shear, Concrete Grade, Displacement, Dual system, Lateral load capacity, Optimization, Shear Wall

Introduction to Shear Wall

The shear wall is a thin wall special structural component used with the basic structural components of a particular

multistoried building structure. Different types of shear wall materials have been seen for a particular monolithic

construction such as R.C.C., Steel plate wall, Timber plank wall, composite walls etc. This special member is thin in

dimension, applied in core, periphery of the building, special building areas, around the lift area and so on.

Purpose of Shear Wall Construction

The purpose of constructing shear wall has proved to be a stiffening element and provide overall stiffness to the

structure that ultimate increases the stability of the structure. It has been well known for lateral load resisting

element too. Since it can protect the structure from wind load and earthquake loads. It bears the vertical load along

with the lateral loads and transfers the same to the soil. There are numerous types of shear wall members available

and each of them has its own abilities viz. core type shear wall, rectangular plate types shear wall, coupled type

shear wall, frame wall with infill frame type shear wall and so on. The current study suggests the core type shear

wall and its behavior to the structure.

Objectives of the Current Study

The study of something is proved only if the results analysis would have firstly were fixed by some main objectives.

These objectives should be fulfilled by analyzing the correct figurative results. The results are then compared with

each other and ultimately conclusions have drawn. As per the theme of the current study, the main objectives are

decided and have finally demonstrated below are as follows:-

1. To study the effect of grade change in core type shear wall.

2. To check the properties of thickness change in core type shear wall.

3. To determine the base shear in both X and Z horizontal directions of the selected cases and compare cases

among each other.

4. To find the maximum nodal displacement in both X and Z horizontal directions of the selected cases and

compare cases among each other.

5. To find and examine the axial forces of the selected cases and compare them among each other.

Journal of Xi'an University of Architecture & Technology

Volume XII, Issue IV, 2020

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6. To study and compare Shear Forces and Bending Moment in Column members in both cross sectional axis.

7. To examine Shear Forces and Bending Moment in Beam members in both cross sectional axis.

8. To calculate and compare the shearing stresses, Von Mises stresses and Principal Stresses. The values of

each has compared among each other.

9. To discuss and draw the conclusive outcomes of the current theme with recommendations of the study.

Procedure and 3D Modeling of the Structure

In this work, a G+20 storied residential apartment is selected for three dimensional modeling. Since basically a

multistoried building have same grade of concrete in each member, but in our case, it isn’t. We have selected the

variable case grade approach. The theme of the current study on one hand has M25, M30, M35 grade in core type

shear wall members and on other hand, thickness of the shear wall has also changed. The following table number 1

consists of various input parameters of multistoried structure. The table 2 below contains the seismic parameters

used and by the help of Response Spectrum Method, the seismic procedures are performed to make the structure

seismic disaster free.

Dead loads, Live loads, Earthquake loads, Response spectrum loads are applied along with various load

combinations as per IS 1893:2016. Different building model cases selected for analysis using software has shown in

table number 3 below. The subsequent figures have prepared that describes the selected cases.

Table 1. Description of parameters taken for analysis

Parameters Values

Building configuration G + 20

Building type Residential Apartment

Total plinth area 576 sq. m.

Building Length 4m @ 6 bays

Building Width 6m @ 4 bays

Height of building from Ground level 67 m

Height of each floor GF = 4 m & Each Floor = 3m

Depth of footing 3 m

Beam dimensions 500 mm x 400 mm

Column dimensions 550 mm x 580 mm

Slab thickness 150 mm

Staircase waist slab 155 mm

Shear wall thickness 140 mm, 160 mm, 180 mm, 200 mm

Material properties Concrete (M25), (M30), (M35),

Steel (Fe 415)

Table 2. Seismic parameters on the structure

Parameters Values

Response Reduction Factor and Importance factor I 4 and 1.2

Fundamental natural period (Ta) in X and Z direction 0.9553 seconds

Soil type Medium soil

Zone factor with selected Zone 0.16 and III

Structure Type RC frame Structure



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Table 3. Different building model cases selected for analysis using software

S. No. Models framed for analysis Abbreviation

1. Shear Wall Stability Case of M25 grade with 0.140m thickness Case SW1












Figure 1. Typical floor plan and Front View of the Structure



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Figure 2. Shear Wall Stability Case: Case SW1 and Case SW2




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0



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Results Analysis

To make the structure more stable than before and to make it economical with grade change effect and thickness

criteria, it is necessary to compare the above mention cases that conclude to the various result parameters. To make

the above successful objectives, the various different results of each parameters are compared, shown in Tabular

form and represented it with graphical form below:-

Table 4. Maximum nodal displacement in X direction for all five grade pair location cases in Zone III

Shear Wall Stability Case Maximum Displacement (mm)

For X Direction For Z Direction

Case SW1 462.118 339.922

Case SW2 461.103 334.138

Case SW3 460.216 328.758

Case SW4 459.437 323.729

Case SW5 460.355 335.139

Case SW6 459.203 329.031

Case SW7 458.189 323.362

Case SW8 457.292 318.075

Case SW9 458.797 330.937

Case SW10 457.527 324.555

Case SW11 456.403 318.644

Case SW12 455.405 313.146

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

350

400

450

500

Case

SW1

Case

SW2

Case

SW3

Case

SW4

Case

SW5

Case

SW6

Case

SW7

Case

SW8

Case

SW9

Case

SW10

Case

SW11

Case

SW12

Maxim

um

Dis

pla

cem

ents

(cm

)

For X and Z Direction

Graph 1. Graphical representation of maximum Displacement in X and Z direction for all Shear Wall Stability

Cases



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Table 5. Base Shear in X and Z direction for all Shear Wall Stability Cases

Shear Wall Stability Case

Base Shear

(KN)

X direction Z direction

Case SW1 3667.4061 3667.4061

Case SW2 3688.2648 3688.2648

Case SW3 3709.1235 3709.1235

Case SW4 3729.9821 3729.9821

Case SW5 3667.4061 3667.4061

Case SW6 3688.2648 3688.2648

Case SW7 3709.1235 3709.1235

Case SW8 3729.9821 3729.9821

Case SW9 3667.4061 3667.4061

Case SW10 3688.2648 3688.2648

Case SW11 3709.1235 3709.1235

Case SW12 3729.9821 3729.9821

Graph 2. Graphical representation of Base Shear in X and Z direction for all Shear Wall Stability Cases



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Table 6. Maximum Axial Forces in Column for all Shear Wall Stability Cases

Shear Wall Stability Case Column Axial Force

(KN)

Case SW1 7918.2261

Case SW2 7650.0192

Case SW3 7401.9294

Case SW4 7172.0553

Case SW5 7712.5821

Case SW6 7432.3523

Case SW7 7174.7038

Case SW8 6937.2043

Case SW9 7532.6676

Case SW10 7243.0349

Case SW11 6978.0617

Case SW12 6734.8518

Graph 3. Graphical representation of maximum Axial Forces for all Shear Wall Stability Cases



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Table 7. Maximum Shear Force in Column for all Shear Wall Stability Cases

Shear Wall Stability

Case

Column Shear Force

(KN)

Shear along Y Shear along Z

Case SW1 109.8646 74.9619

Case SW2 109.8049 74.0713

Case SW3 109.7518 73.1527

Case SW4 109.7048 72.2255

Case SW5 109.5855 74.0928

Case SW6 109.4929 73.0611

Case SW7 109.4082 72.016

Case SW8 109.3672 70.9751

Case SW9 109.3331 73.2868

Case SW10 109.2113 72.1353

Case SW11 109.1213 70.9838

Case SW12 109.0649 69.8483

Graph 4. Graphical representation of maximum Shear Force in Column for all Shear Wall Stability Cases



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Table 8. Maximum Bending Moment in Column for all Shear Wall Stability Cases


Case

Column

Bending Moment

(KNm)

Moment along Y Moment along Z

Case SW1 205.2141 252.4296

Case SW2 200.3487 247.7636

Case SW3 196.0453 243.5188

Case SW4 192.1836 239.6161

Case SW5 201.4517 248.7729

Case SW6 196.5329 243.9456

Case SW7 192.1764 239.5509

Case SW8 188.2622 235.5086

Case SW9 198.2519 245.6029

Case SW10 193.2852 240.6353

Case SW11 188.8812 236.111

Case SW12 184.9209 231.9489

Graph 5. Graphical representation of maximum Bending Moment in Column for all Shear Wall Stability Cases



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Table 9. Maximum Shear Force in Beam for all Shear Wall Stability Cases


Case

Beam Shear Force

(KN)

Shear along Y Shear along Z

Case SW1 113.0616 0.1024

Case SW2 112.9428 0.1377

Case SW3 112.8384 0.1491

Case SW4 112.7463 0.1603

Case SW5 112.8055 0.1333

Case SW6 112.6635 0.1458

Case SW7 112.5372 0.158

Case SW8 112.4242 0.1698

Case SW9 112.5775 0.1399

Case SW10 112.4152 0.1532

Case SW11 112.2696 0.166

Case SW12 112.1381 0.1784

Graph 6. Graphical representation of maximum Shear Force in Beam for all Shear Wall Stability Cases



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Table 10. Maximum Bending Moment in Beam for all Shear Wall Stability Cases


Case

Beam Bending Moment

(KNm)

Moment along Y Moment along Z

Case SW1 0.2244 164.8599

Case SW2 0.2438 163.0213

Case SW3 0.2627 161.2422

Case SW4 0.281 159.53

Case SW5 0.2364 163.0901

Case SW6 0.2571 161.0663

Case SW7 0.2771 159.1245

Case SW8 0.2965 157.2696

Case SW9 0.2472 161.5048

Case SW10 0.269 159.3264

Case SW11 0.29 157.2509

Case SW12 0.3103 155.2801

Graph 7. Graphical representation of maximum Bending Moment in Beam for all Shear Wall Stability Cases



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Table 11. Maximum Principal Stresses for all Shear Wall Stability Cases


Maximum Principal Stresses

(Smax Top)

(N/sq. mm)

Case SW1 20.48

Case SW2 19.92

Case SW3 19.39

Case SW4 18.89

Case SW5 21.93

Case SW6 21.28

Case SW7 20.67

Case SW8 20.1

Case SW9 23.21

Case SW10 22.47

Case SW11 21.79

Case SW12 21.14

Graph 8. Graphical representation of maximum Principal Stresses for all Shear Wall Stability Cases



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Table 12. Maximum Von Mises Stresses for all Shear Wall Stability Cases


Maximum Von Mises Stresses

(SVM Top)

(N/sq. mm)

Case SW1 24.15

Case SW2 23.27

Case SW3 22.47

Case SW4 21.74

Case SW5 25.72

Case SW6 24.72

Case SW7 23.83

Case SW8 23.01

Case SW9 27.09

Case SW10 26.00

Case SW11 25.01

Case SW12 24.11

Graph 9. Graphical representation of maximum Von Mises Stresses for all Shear Wall Stability Cases



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Table 13. Maximum Shearing Stresses for all Shear Wall Stability Cases


Maximum Shearing Stresses

(S12)

(N/sq. mm)

Case SW1 4.75

Case SW2 4.24

Case SW3 3.84

Case SW4 3.54

Case SW5 4.79

Case SW6 4.28

Case SW7 3.9

Case SW8 3.59

Case SW9 4.83

Case SW10 4.33

Case SW11 3.95

Case SW12 3.64

Graph 10. Graphical representation of maximum Shearing Stresses for all Shear Wall Stability Cases



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Conclusions and Recommendations

Conclusions evolved by analyzing the result data of various parameters for all twelve cases are as follows:-

1. The values keep decreasing in case of Maximum displacement in both X and in Z direction. For all three grades,

3mm difference has seen from grade M25 to M35 in X direction. Again variation of 7 mm has seen in Z

direction.

2. The Base shear values keep on increasing due to increase of thickness of Shear wall members. Again, no change

of values observed on comparing three different grades of concrete. The values in both X and Z direction

observed same due to identical dimension of building.

3. Axial forces in column member decreases in each concrete grade as per the increasing thickness values.

Comparing the particular parametric value among the various grade cases, the building stability of building

increases.

4. The Shear Forces in column members decreases in minimal amount in both Y and Z axis of the section by

changing the grade of concrete.

5. In column, the Bending Moment values decreases in each concrete grade with each thickness values for both

My and Mz.

6. Again in beam members, the Shear Forces decreases in minimal amount in both Y and Z axis of the section by

changing the grade of concrete.

7. The Bending Moment in beams, decreases 5 KN/ sq. m. on comparing each concrete grade. On increasing the

thickness of shear wall members, the parametric value will decrease.

8. For principal stresses, the trend decreases for each concrete grade. The stability of the structure increases with

decrease in parametric value has observed in this parameter.

9. Again the trend observed in Von Mises stresses, among each concrete grade groups, the values observed keeps

reducing.

10. The downward trend again observed in Shearing stresses, among each concrete grade groups, the values

observed keeps reducing with increase in thickness of shear wall members with combination of grade.

By the help of this study, we recommend that shear wall members have been proved are likely to bear the lateral

load. The comparative data analysis of the current work by observing all the parameters, for making the Multistoried

Building more stable, it is necessary to increase the thickness of shear wall members with higher concrete grade.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to thank Mr. Sagar Jamle, Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Oriental University,

Indore for his continuous support and guidance for the completion of this entire work. I personally noticed that

working simultaneously with other research scholars, he do support individual scholars rigorously and he has a good

research personality.

REFERENCES

1. Sagar Jamle, Dr. M.P. Verma, Vinay Dhakad, (2017), “Flat Slab Shear Wall Interaction for Multistoried

Building Analysis When Structure Length is greater than width under seismic Forces”, International Journal of

Software & Hardware Research in Engineering (IJSHRE), ISSN: 2347-4890 Vol.-05, Issue-3, pp. 32-53.

2. Neeraj Patel, Sagar Jamle, (2019), “Use of Shear Wall Belt at Optimum Height to Increase Lateral Load

Handling Capacity in Multistory Building: A Review”, International Journal of Advanced Engineering

Research and Science, (ISSN : 2349-6495(P) | 2456-1908(O)),vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 310-314, AI Publications,

https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.6.4.36

3. Sachin Sironiya, Sagar Jamle, M. P. Verma, (2017), “Experimental Investigation On Fly Ash & Glass Powder

As Partial Replacement Of Cement For M-25 Grade Concrete”, IJSART - Volume 3 Issue 5, ISSN- 2395-1052,

pp. 322-324.

4. Prabhulal Chouhan, Sagar Jamle, M.P. Verma, (2017), “Effect of Silica Fume on Strength Parameters of

Concrete as a Partial Substitution of Cement”, IJSART - Volume 3 Issue 5, ISSN- 2395-1052.



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5. Sagar Jamle, Dr. M.P. Verma, Vinay Dhakad, (2017), “Flat Slab Shear Wall Interaction for Multistoried

Building under Seismic Forces”, International Journal of Software & Hardware Research in Engineering

(IJSHRE), ISSN: 2347-4890 Vol.-05, Issue-3, pp. 14-31.

6. Taha A. Ansari, Sagar Jamle, (2019), “Performance Based Seismic Analysis of Regular R.C. Building”,

International Journal of Management, Technology And Engineering, ISSN: 2249-7455, Vol. 09, no. 07, pp.

342-351, DOI:16.10089.IJMTE.2019.V9I7.19.28639

7. Prakash Mandiwal, Sagar Jamle, (2018), "Use of Polyethylene Glycol as Self Curing Agent in Self Curing

Concrete - An Experimental Approach", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology,

(ISSN: 2395-0072(P), 2395-0056(O)), vol. 5, no. 11, pp. 916-918.

8. Surendra Chaurasiya, Sagar Jamle, (2018), “Determination of Efficient Twin Tower High Rise Building

Subjected to Seismic Loading”, International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, INPRESSCO,

E-ISSN 2277 – 4106, P-ISSN 2347 – 5161, Vol. 8, No. 5, pp. 1200 – 1203, DOI:

https://doi.org/10.14741/ijcet/v.8.5.1

9. Archit Dangi, Sagar Jamle, (2018), "Determination of Seismic parameters of R.C.C. Building Using Shear Core

Outrigger, Wall Belt and Truss Belt Systems", International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and

Science, (ISSN : 2349-6495(P) | 2456-1908(O)),vol. 5, no. 9, pp.305-309 AI Publications,


10. Mohd. Arif Lahori, Sagar Jamle, (2018), "Investigation of Seismic Parameters of R.C. Building on Sloping

Ground", International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, (ISSN: 2349-6495(P), 2456-

1908(O)), vol. 5, no. 8, pp.285-290 AI Publications, https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.5.8.35

11. Gaurav Pandey, Sagar Jamle, (2018), "Optimum Location of Floating Column in Multistorey Building with

Seismic Loading", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, (ISSN: 2395-0072(P),

2395-0056(O)), vol. 5, no. 10, pp. 971-976.

12. Suyash Malviya, Sagar Jamle, (2019) ,“Determination of Optimum Location of Rooftop Telecommunication

Tower over Multistory Building under Seismic Loading”, International Journal of Advanced Engineering

Research and Science, (ISSN : 2349-6495(P) | 2456-1908(O)),vol. 6, no. 2, 2019, pp. 65-73, AI Publications,


13. Yash Joshi, Sagar Jamle, Kundan Meshram, (2019), "Dynamic Analysis of Dual Structural System",

International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews, (ISSN: 2348-1269 (O), 2349-5138 (P)), vol. 6, no. 2,

pp. 518-523

14. Neeraj Patel, Sagar Jamle, (2019), “Use of Shear Wall Belt at Optimum Height to Increase Lateral Load

Handling Capacity in Multistory Building”, International Journal for Research in Engineering Application &

Management (ISSN : 2454-9150),vol. 4, no. 10, pp. 596-603, doi: 10.18231/2454-9150.2018.1372

15. Taha A. Ansari, Sagar Jamle, (2019), “Performance Based Analysis of RC Buildings with Underground Storey

Considering Soil Structure Interaction”, International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science

(ISSN: 2349-6495(P) | 2456-1908(O)),vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 767-771, AI Publications,


16. Prakash Mandiwal, Sagar Jamle, (2019), “Tensile Strength & Durability Study on Self-Curing Concrete as a

Partial Replacement of Cement by PEG-400”, International Journal for Research in Engineering Application &

Management, (ISSN : 2454-9150),vol. 4, no. 10, pp. 244-248, doi: 10.18231/2454-9150.2018.1314

17. Sagar Jamle and Shirish Kumar Kanungo, (2020), “Determination of Stable Underground Storage Reservoir

System- Recent Advancements in Structural Engineering Volume 1”, LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing,

Mauritius, ISBN: 978-620-2-51435-4.

18. Surendra Chaurasiya, Sagar Jamle, (2019), “Twin Tower High Rise Building Subjected To Seismic Loading: A

Review". International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science, (ISSN : 2349-6495(P) | 2456-

1908(O)), vol. 6, no. 4, pp. 324-328, AI Publications, https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.6.4.38

19. Archit Dangi, Sagar Jamle, (2019), Stability Enhancement of Optimum Outriggers and Belt Truss Structural

System", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, (ISSN: 2395-0072(P), 2395-

0056(O)), vol. 6, no. 2, pp. 772-780.

20. Gagan Yadav, Sagar Jamle, (2020), "Use of Shear Wall with Opening in Multistoried Building: A Factual

Review", International Journal of Current Engineering and Technology, (ISSN: 2277-4106 (O), 2347-

5161(P)), vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 243-246. https://doi.org/10.14741/ijcet/v.10.2.9

21. Mohd. Arif Lahori, Sagar Jamle, (2019), "Response of Multistory Building Located on 200 and 300 Sloping

Ground under Seismic Loading", International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology, (ISSN: 2395-

0072(P), 2395-0056(O)), vol. 6, no. 1, pp. 1063-1069.



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22. Prafoolla Thakre, Sagar Jamle, Kundan Meshram, (2019), “A Review on Opening Area with Respect to Wall

Area in Shear Wall for Multistoried Building", International Journal of Research and Analytical Reviews,

(ISSN: 2348-1269 (O), 2349-5138 (P)), vol. 9, no. 3, pp. 156-161.

23. Durgesh Kumar Upadhyay, Sagar Jamle, (2020), "Stability Enhancement in Wall Belt Supported Dual

Structural System using Different Grades of Concrete", International Journal of Current Engineering and

Technology, (ISSN: 2277-4106 (O), 2347-5161(P)), vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 237-242.


24. Romesh Malviya, Sagar Jamle, Kundan Meshram, (2020), "Examination on Increasing Stability of Multistoried

Building: A Theoretical Review", International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research and Science,

(ISSN: 2456-1908 (O), 2349-6495(P)), vol. 7, no. 1, pp. 162-164. https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.71.22

25. Sagar Jamle and Roshan Patel, (2020), “Analysis and Design of Box Culvert- A Manual Approach in Structural

Engineering”, LAP LAMBERT Academic Publishing, Mauritius, ISBN: 978-620-0-78760-6.

26. Mohit Kumar Prajapati, Sagar Jamle, (2020), "Strength irregularities in multistoried building using base

isolation and damper in high Seismic zone: A theoretical Review", International Journal of Advanced

Engineering Research and Science, (ISSN: 2456-1908 (O), 2349-6495(P)), vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 235-238.

https://dx.doi.org/10.22161/ijaers.73.37

27. Gagan Yadav, Sagar Jamle, (2020), "Opening Effect of Core Type Shear Wall Used in Multistoried Structures:

A Technical Approach in Structural Engineering", International Journal of Advanced Engineering Research

and Science, (ISSN: 2456-1908 (O), 2349-6495(P)), vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 344-351.


28. Durgesh Kumar Upadhyay, Sagar Jamle, (2020), "A Review on Stability Improvement with Wall Belt

Supported Dual Structural System Using Different Grades of Concrete", International Journal of Advanced

Engineering Research and Science, (ISSN: 2456-1908 (O), 2349-6495(P)), vol. 7, no. 3, pp. 293-296.


29. Pankaj Kumar Dhakad, Sagar Jamle, (2020), "Base Shear Reduction by using Optimum Size of Beams with

same Grade of Concrete: An Informative Review", International Journal of Current Engineering and

Technology, (ISSN: 2277-4106 (O), 2347-5161(P)), vol. 10, no. 2, pp. 259-262.




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