optimal lab interpretation blood chemistry · typhoid fever, parasites, immune suppression,...

Optimal Lab Interpretation Blood Chemistry

The ranges and information contained within this sheet are for informational and educational purposes only. Please see a licensed healthcare practitioner before making any changes to your current lifestyle. The ranges contained within this sheet are nutritional ranges, they are not designed to diagnose, treat, or cure any disease. Acceptance of these ranges varies among practitioners.

Lab Optimal High Levels Low Levels

CBC w/Differential F=Female M=Male

HGB F: 13.5-14.5g/dL M: 14-15 g/dL

Cardiac dysfunction, excessive RBC, immune suppression, lung dysfunction, hemoglobin production abnormality, bleeding, hemolysis, liver dysfunction, kidney dysfunction

Decreased levels of RBC, RBC abnormality, hemoglobin production abnormality, bleeding, hemolysis, liver dysfunction, kidney dysfunction, bone marrow dysfunction

HCT F:37-44 M:40-48

Shock, immune suppression, excessive RBC

Decreased levels of RBC, abnormal breakdown of RBC, immune suppression, increased levels of WBC, adrenal dysfuntion, acute blood loss

RBC F:3.9-4.5 M:4.2-4.9

Excessive RBC, dehydration, renal dysfunction, high altitude, lung dysfunction, immune suppression, cardiovascular dysfunction

Decreased levels of RBC, immune suppression, hemorrhage, adrenal dysfunction & cortisol production dysfunction, chronic bacterial infections

MCV 85-92 fL/red cell

B12/folate need, high altitude, increased methylmalonic acid and homocysteine

B6 need, bleeding, decreased levels of RBC, free radicals, parasites

MCH 27-32 pg/cell

B12/folate need, new born infants, RBC abnormality

B6 need, RBC abnormality

MCHC 32-35 g/dL

B12/folate need, new born infants, RBC abnormality

Decreased levels of RBC, B6 need, abnormal hemoglobin production

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RDW <13 B12 and iron need, immune suppression, abdnormal hemoglobin

Platelets 150,000-450,000

Over production of platelets, excessive RBC production, increased immature WBC, splenectomy

Use sesame seed oil

WBC 5.0-8.0 billion /L

Neut. 40%-60% Bacteria

Lymph . 25%-40% Virus

Mono . <7 Infections, heavy metals

Eos. <3% Allerigies, parasites Adrenal dysfunction

Baso. 0%-1%

Thyroid

TSH 1.8-3.0 uU/mL

Decreased thyroid hormone levels

Pituitary dysfunction, gut infections, excessive production of thyroid hormone

Total T4 6-12 mcg/Dl

Increased thyroid hormone levels, increase in thyroid binding globulin, hepatitis/liver, acute thyroditis, thyroid medication

Overly high protein levels in the blood, decreased thyroid hormone levels, decreased thyroid binding globulin, thyroid medication

Free T4 1.0 - 1.5 ng/dL

Total T3 100-180 ng/dL

High cortisol levels, inflammation, third trimester pregnancy, pituitary dysfunction

FTI 1.2-4.9 Increased thyroid hormone levels

Decreased thyroid hormone levels, need selenium

Free T3 3.0-4.0 pg/ml

High cortisol levels, inflammation, third trimester pregnancy, pituitary dysfunction

T3 Uptake 28-38 %

Rev. T3 9-35ng/mL

T3:RT3 Ratio 20+

TSI

TPO AB 0 Autoimmune / GI

TGB AB 0 Autoimmune / GI

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CMP

Glucose 85-100 mg/dL

Excess glucose in the bloodstream, blood sugar

issues, pituitary dysfunction, pregnancy, increased blood iron levels, inflammation of the pancreas, thiamin need

low blood glucose levels, adrenal dysfunction & cortisol production dysfunction, liver

dysfunction, pituitary dysfunction, decreased levels

of thyroid hormone Sodium 135-140

mEq/L dehydration, renal

dysfunction, water softners, excessive aldosterone

production, pituitary dysfunction, blood sugar

issues

Low salt diet, diarrhea, cardiac dysfunction, burns, adrenal

dysfunction & cortisol production dysfunction, malabsorption, edema

Potasium 4-4.5 mEq/L

Low adrenal function, renal dysfunction, tissue

destruction, dehydration, blood sugar issues, acidosis

Diurtetic use, excessive adrenal function, renal

dysfunction, blood sugar issues, excessive alcohol use,

starvation, alkalosis Chloride 100-106

mmol/L

Co2 25-30 mmol/L

Alkalosis, excessive secretion of aldosterone, lung & alveolar dysfunction,

vomiting

Acidosis, asprin use, renal dysfunction, use of diuretics,

starvation, diarrhea

Calcium 9.2-10.1 mg/dL

hyperthyroid/parathyroid, excessive Vit. D, bone cell

remodeling/deformity issues, immune suppression,

increased immature WBC, malabsorption, alcohol

Pregnancy, bone weakening issues, thyroid/parathyroid dysfunction, magnesium

need, Vit. D need, inflammation of the pancreas

BUN

Creatinine 0.7-1.1 mg/dL

Dehydration, renal dysfunction, enlarged

prostate, uterine problems, increased growth hormone,

neuromuskuloskeletal conditions, autoimmune

issues

Pregnancy, bone growth, protein need, liver

dysfunction, glutathione need, methylation

Alk Phos 27-90 iU/L

Gut inflammation, liver dysfuntion, increased bone

growth, gastric inflammation, cardiovascular issues, immune suppression,

excessive production of

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thyroid hormone, lung dysfunction


SGOT (AST) 10-26 iU/L

Cardiac/muscle/liver dysfunction, virus,

inflammation of the pancreas, parasitic activity, mushroom

poisoning

B6 need

SGPT(ALT) 10-26 iU/L

Liver dysfunction, bile duct dysfunction, inflammation of

the pancreas

Malnutrition, infections of the urinary tract

Albumin 4.0-5.0 g/dL

Dehydration Liver dysfunction, Vit. C need, free radicals

Globulin 2.4-2.8 Increased need for HCL, Typhoid fever, parasites,

immune suppression, lymphatic infection

Liver dysfunction, digestive inflammation, HCL Need,

Severe hemorrhage, severe decrease in RBC levels

A/G Ratio 1.5-2.0 Dehydration Burns, kidney dysfunction, lung & alveolar dysfunction,

viral infections, excessive production of thyroid

hormone, inflammation of the peritoneum, intestial

obstruction

Lipid Panel

Cholesterol 150-200 mg/dL

Type 4 Diabetes, thyroid, carbs, chronic renal failure,

Type 2 Diabetes, gallbladder dysfunction,

liver/alcohol/pancreatic dysfunction

Vegetarianism, autoimmunity, free radicals, excessive

production of thyroid hormone, abnormal RBC

production, liver dysfunction

Triglycerides 75-100 mg/dL

Insulin resistance, alcohol, high carb intake, estrogen,

defect/deficient LPL or APO-C2, blood sugar issues,

thyroid dysfunction

Autoimmune issues, liver dysfunction, lung dysfunction,

Cystic Fibrosis

LDL <120 high carb intake, alcohol use, Type 2 Diabetes, high fat diet,

blood sugar issues, eating disorders, renal dysfunction

abnormally low levels of lipid in the blood, severe reduction in HDL in the blood, excessive

production of thyroid hormone

HDL >55 Autoimmunity, liver dysfunction, increased lipid

levels in the blood, long term exercise

blood sugar issues, obesity, high carb intake, lack of exercise, high levels of

lipoproteins in the blood, Apo

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C-3 dificency, cardiac dysfunction


Chol/HDL Ratio <3.1 Cardiovascular issues, Type 2 Diabetes, increased lipid in the blood, diabetes, renal

dysfunction

Liver dysfunction, excessive production of thyroid

hormone, long-term exercise, inflammation, infections

HDL/LDL Ratio >.4

Additional Labs

Homocysteine 5.5-8 umol/L

Cardiovascular issues, hypo-methylation, oxidative stress, mood dissorders, and

numerous other issues.

Low Glutathione, Toxic exposure, or SNP

upregulation

HgBA1c <5.2 Blood sugar issues, insulin resistance

Uric Acid F:3.2-5.5 mg/dL M:3.7-6.0 mg/dl

Low glutathione and CoQ10 need.

HS-CRP <1.0 mg/L

Inflammation/ gut/ infection/ poor diet

RBC Folate Lab ranges

MTHFR, FOL, SLC19A1 SNPs. Folate is unable to get into the

cell. MMA Lab

ranges Adeno-B12 Need

Magnesium RBC >6.0 mg/dl

Magnesium need

Copper, Serum 80-100 ug/dl

Ceruloplasmin 25-40 mg/dL

Zinc, Serum 100-140 ug/dL

Copper, RBC 0.53-0.91 mg/L

Zinc, RBC 9-14.7 mg/L

Histamine 40-70 ng/mL

% Free Copper <15

Zinc/CU ratio 1.3:1

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Lab Optimal High Levels Low Levels Vit. D 1,25 (OH) 22-75

ng/mL

Vit. D 25(OH) 35-80 ng/mL

Ratio 1,25D:25D 1.5-2.0

Ionized Ca Lab Ranges

Iron

Ferritin 20-50 ng/mL

TIBC 250-350 mcg/dL

% Sat 25%-30%

Fibrinogen 250-350 (mg/dl)

Galectin-3 <12.9 (ng/ml)

Inflammatory marker that, when elevated, systemic enzymes (Vitalzym XE) and modified citrus pectin (MCP-Pectasol) often are needed until the root cause of elevation is found.

Hormones

IGF-1 220+

Estriol (E3)

EQ (E3 / (E1+E2)

Pregnenolone 130+

Progesterone (Pg)

Pg/E2 Ratio

Testosterone, Free

Testosterone

DHEA 300-500

DHEAS 200-400

LH

FSH

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Infectious / Autoimmune / Inflammatory Panels

Immunoglobulin G

Immunoglobulin M

EBV VCA AB (IGM)

EBV EA AB (IGG)

EBV VCA AB (IGG)

EBV EBNA AB (IGG)

Complete Cytokine Assay

Candida Antibodies

Helicobacter IgG panel

Hep A, B, and C titers

Breakout of Cytokine

panel

ESR

RA factor

SLE screen

T Lymphocite Helpter

supporessor assay

IL 8, IL1 B or TNF alpha

analysis

Cancer history of colon, breast and ovary

CEA for colon cancer

CA 125 for ovarian cancer

CA 27.9 for breast cancer

AFP blood test

CA125, 15-2, 27.29, 19.9

BRCA 1 and 2 screen

Previous Heart Disease

Apo A-1 and B

B Natriurietic Factor

LpA status, Lp-PLA2

CIMT

Calcium Index Score

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Bonus: Optimal Hormone Levels from

StopTheThyroidMadness.com

This information comes from https://stopthethyroidmadness.com/lab-values/

Iron / Total Iron US: Close to 110 for women, upper 130s for men; UK / AU: lower to mid-20s for women; CAN: Mid-20s for women, higher for men

If you are considerably higher than optimal, you could have the MTHFR mutation which will need testing and treatment. The MTHFR mutation also drives the ferritin low with normal or high iron is many of us, we’ve noted. If all three iron labs are high (serum iron, % saturation, and ferritin, you may have the genetic hemochromatosis and you can ask your doctor for testing for that.

% Iron Saturation close to 35% for women, 40-45% for men

Measures your serum iron divided by your TIBC. Like all iron labs, you should be off all iron for at least 12 hours before testing to see how your supplementation is doing, or up to 5 days to see what your natural levels are. The latter may be best. NOTE: % Saturation can look falsely good or high if your TIBC is too low!!

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TIBC Low 300s (ref range: 250-450) - for other ranges, a little more than 1/4th above the bottom number in the range provided. CAN: when range is umol/L - >45-77=low 60s; range us 50-70 umol/L=bottom 1/4th above bottom of range

TIBC measures whether a protein called transferrin, produced by the liver, is enough to carry iron in the blood. Used to determine anemia or low body iron. If your result is high in the range and in the absence of chronic disease, you may be anemic. NOTE we do NOT treat the TIBC. We treat the iron and % Sat. The TIBC just gives us interesting information as explained.

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Ferritin 70-90 for women; slightly above 100 for men

Measures your levels of storage iron. NOTE THAT WE DO NOT TREAT the FERRITIN LEVEL. A mistake. We treat iron and % saturation and let ferritin follow in its own accord. But ferritin is interesting to watch, and can also point to INFLAMMATION if it goes high without serum iron being high. i.e. inflammation causes iron to be thrust into storage, and inflammation is common with certain thyroid patients for a variety of reasons. In less common cases, higher ferritin can be from liver disease, alcoholism, diabetes, asthma, or some types of cancer. But for most of us, it’s just about inflammation from hypothyroidism, or gluten issues, or unknown. So we need to lower the inflammation before taking iron supplements. If ferritin is high along with a high % Sat and Serum iron, you may have hemochromatosis, an inherited condition. Time to get tested in working with your doctor.

If your ferritin is low along with inadequate/lower levels of iron and % saturation, that usually points to simply low iron, which is common with those on T4-only meds, or undiagnosed, or under-treated. But we do NOT treat that low ferritin. We treat the inadequate iron and % saturation, and over time, the ferritin moves up by itself if it’s too low. If your ferritin is low with very good or high iron, plus a TIBC in the middle 300s or higher, that usually points to having high heavy metals and an active MTHFR mutation.

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FEMALE HORMONES

Progesterone (Pg) - cycling women

20-22 ng/mL (US) serum - 64-70 nmol/L(UK) serum - 250-300 pg/mL (US) saliva - 1100-1300 pmol/L (UK) saliva

Progesterone (Pg) - non-cycling women

8-10 ng/mL (US) serum - 25-32 nmol/L (UK) serum - 100-125 pg/mL (US) saliva - 440-585 pmol/L (UK) saliva

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Estradiol - cycling women with normal SHBG

80-100 pg/mL (US) serum - 294-367 pmol/L (UK) serum - 1.30-1.50 pg/mL (US) saliva - 3.70-6.50 pmol/L (UK) saliva

Estradiol - non-cycling women with normal SHBG

20-40 pg/mL (US) serum - 73-147 pmol/L (UK) serum - 0.40-0.60 pg/mL (US) saliva - 1.50-3.00 pmol/L (UK) saliva

NOTE: Women with high SHBG can have slightly higher estradiol. i.e. when SHBG is high (>160 or so), some need a level of 150-160 blood to feel well. As a noncycling woman with higher SHBG, some might need a level of 50-80.

FSH <10 mIU/mL good/healthy egg reserve (nowhere close to meno–chance of conception, <3 excellent, 3-6 good, 6-9 fair)

FSH/LH 10-15 conception difficult but not impossible FSH/LH 15-20 perimenopause (probably not ovulating every month) FSH/LH 20-30 menopause almost certainly in progress (ovulation rare if at all regardless of bleeding)

LH

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FSH/LH > 30 noncycling/postmenopause

NOTE: FSH and LH for cycling women should be 1:1 ratio. If LH is higher, that typically means PCOS. Labs must be taken day 2-4 of the cycle while bleeding.

Free testosterone 2.10-3.20 pg/mL (US) serum - 7.30-11.00 pmol/L (UK) serum - 108-149 pmol/L (UK) saliva - 36-47 pg/mL (US) saliva - 0.04-0.05 nmol/L serum 1.10-1.50 ng/dL serum

Total testosterone 28-38 ng/dL (US) serum - 1.00-1.32 nmol/L (UK) serum - 36-47 pg/mL (US) saliva - 108-149 pmol/L (UK) saliva

SHBG 75-95 nmol/L

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DHEA (in the absense of adrenal fatigue or PCOS)

Serum 175-225 ug/dL Saliva > 13ng/mL

B-12 upper quartile

We noticed repeatedly that an optimal B12 lab result is in the upper quarter of the range. Mid-range can present symptoms of inadequate levels, such as legs falling asleep too easily, or the same with little fingers or other fingers. It has been shown in studies that patients with labs under 350 are likely to have symptoms, which means the deficiency is very serious and has gone on for a few years undetected. Even mid-range has shown to be in adequate. Lab ranges are much too low for B12…in Japan the bottom of the range is 500. The urine test Urinary Methylmalonic Acid, also called the UMMA, can be added since it is a very sensitive detection and if high, will reveal a true B12 deficiency.

NOTE: Measures an essential vitamin, B12, which can be low in hypothyroid patients due to low stomach acid. It is NOT optimal to simply be “in range”. For example, if your range is similar to 180-900, a healthy level appears to be 800 or higher. In the 500-800 range, you can benefit from taking B12 lozenges, specifically Methylcobalamin. The exception to the latter for some may be if they have both an MTHFR and COMT mutation–the methyl version of B12 can sometimes send out B12 levels way too high.

Folate Top third of standard range (3-17); higher for MTHFR

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Also sometimes called “folic acid”, this is a b-vitamin which can be low in hypothyroid patients. Folate is important for prenatal development, as well as your blood cell health. Folate works with B12 in the use and creation of proteins. It’s “folate” thats needed instead of “folic acid”, especially if you have MTHFR. We don’t start too high, as for some of us, it can start the methylation process too strongly.


ALT teens

AST teens

Magnesium mid-range or higher

Thyroid patients can be chronically low in the electrolyte magnesium, which causes a multitude of problems ranging from worsened Mitral Valve Prolapse, less cancer protection, poor muscle development, too much calcium, cramping, and many other chronic conditions. See Janie’s blog post on magnesium.

Sodium Close to 142

Can also be strongly related to your adrenals and aldosterone: Measures the levels of the electrolyte sodium, which is outside cells, and has a balance with potassium, which is within cells. Sodium regulates bodily fluid and plays role in major bodily functions. This can be strongly related to whether you have low aldosterone or not.

Potassium 4.2 or higher; upper 70-95% of the range

Measures the electrolyte mineral Potassium, which is within cells, and has a balance with sodium, which is outside cells. Potassium plays a role in healthy kidney, heart and nervous system function. When potassium is too high, it’s called hyperkalemia; when too low, hypokalemia. It can rise in the presence of low aldosterone (see above under Adrenals), then fall. Best to do an RBC potassium–red blood cell—which measures it in your cells.Tell the lab tech NOT to use the tourniquet for drawing blood. It can falsely raise your potassium result.

Renin Measures the enzyme hormone that regulates the release of aldosterone and is done in conjunction with the aldosterone test. If renin is high in the range along with a low aldosterone, you have an adrenal cause.

If both hormones are low in the range, you ‘may’ a pituitary problem. Always tested along with Aldosterone to see if your problem is due to the adrenals (primary adrenal insufficiency) or your pituitary (secondary adrenal insufficiency).

Vit D (25 hydroxy) 60-80

Vitamin D plays a role in your immune system and other important actions. Many thyroid patients are low in D due to digestive issues from being undiagnosed or undertreated, plus problems with Celiac or gluten intolerance. When someone overreacts to Vit D supplementation, it seems to point to a parathyroid problem.

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Zinc Top third of the range

Also important to test your RBC Zinc to see your cellular levels, because you have good-looking serum zinc and low RBC zinc!

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