ch14ch14Student: ___________________________________________________________________________1.In lean operations, input resources arrive for processing only after the preceding batch has been completed.TrueFalse2.A functioning MRP system is required prior to adopting lean planning and control systems.TrueFalse3.In a lean environment, anything not essential to the product or process is viewed as waste.TrueFalse4.The ultimate goal of lean operations is a system characterized by the smooth, rapid flow of materials.TrueFalse5.Although inventories are maintained, the goal of lean operations is to minimize safety stock.TrueFalse6.Lean operations are unable to easily handle changes of output or product mix.TrueFalse7.In the lean philosophy, producing more than two order quantities represents waste.TrueFalse8.The four building blocks of lean operations are: product design, process design, personnel/organizational elements, and manufacturing planning and control.TrueFalse9.Fast and simple are two common threads that run through the four building blocks of lean operations.TrueFalse10.Value-stream mapping is a technique focused on finding new ways of adding value for critical stakeholders such as customers.TrueFalse11.If a firm's product mix is 60% of product A and 20% each of products B and C, an optimal mix-model production schedule would be successive sequences of AAABC.TrueFalse12.Quality and highly capable production systems are requirements for the successful implementation of lean operations.TrueFalse13.The small lot-sizing policy works well in a situation where both holding costs and setup costs are high.TrueFalse14.The use of small lot sizes in lean operations is in conflict with the EOQ approach since setup costs tend to be significantly higher than holding costs.TrueFalse15.A basic requirement for operating with low inventories in lean systems is that major system problems must already have been solved and new problems will be solved as they appear.TrueFalse16.A benefit of small lot sizes in lean systems is that each product is produced less frequently.TrueFalse17.In the lean philosophy, the larger the lot size, the easier it is to schedule.TrueFalse18.Setup time and its associated cost can often be reduced by the use of group technology.TrueFalse19.Lean systems often use layouts that are based on group technology product requirements.TrueFalse20.The goal of lean operations is to produce output using fewer resources than traditional planning systems.TrueFalse21."Autonomation" indicates that the firm is attempting to reduce its dependence on automated equipment.TrueFalse22."Preventive maintenance" is additional maintenance done immediately after a breakdown has occurred to help prevent any further breakdowns.TrueFalse23.In the lean approach, inventories are reduced gradually, instead of eliminating inventories as rapidly as possible.TrueFalse24.One problem with lean operations is that they can lead to much frustration and disappointment of people on the shop floor due to the need for continuously monitoring and expediting resource availability.TrueFalse25.A real advantage of the lean philosophy is the reduction of co-ordination effort required.TrueFalse26.The lean philosophy recognizes that some work-in-process inventories are a necessary investment to allow for smooth work-flow.TrueFalse27.Preventive maintenance will eliminate the need to carry supplies of spare parts.TrueFalse28.A fundamental tenet of the lean philosophy is that workers are paid based on seniority.TrueFalse29.In lean operations, a responsibility of the cross-trained worker is to check the quality of the work of others.TrueFalse30.In lean operations, when work is completed at one work center, it is important to immediately move the completed work to the next work center to minimize idle time.TrueFalse31.In a "pull system," a quantity of inventory in front of a workstation indicates problems at that workstation.TrueFalse32.Limited WIP lowers inventory carrying costs but reduces flexibility.TrueFalse33.Engineering changes can be very disruptive to smooth operations and should not be made in the six month period following introduction of a new product.TrueFalse34.Kanban is the Japanese term for autonomation.TrueFalse35.Increased setup times equal increased work in process inventories.TrueFalse36.Kanban focuses on specific part numbers; CONWIP does not.TrueFalse37.Lean systems typically require that suppliers be able to provide large lots at periodic intervals.TrueFalse38.Lean purchasing requires frequent contract bidding by multiple sources to ensure the buyer of competitive prices.TrueFalse39.One way of reducing the number of suppliers to the organization is to limit contacts to only one or two tiers of suppliers.TrueFalse40.One major difference between the use of kanban and MRP II in scheduling the products to be built is that kanban is primarily a manual system while MRP II uses computers.TrueFalse41.A benefit of the lean philosophy is the flexibility to respond quickly to changing customer requirements.TrueFalse42.A benefit of lean systems is that lead times are increased allowing more time for processing.TrueFalse43.A successful conversion to a lean system requires that every vendor use lean approaches prior to the organization's implementation.TrueFalse44.The single-minute exchange of die is a system for reducing defective product.TrueFalse45.In a balanced system, cycle time is equal to Takt time.TrueFalse46.It is important to lower the water (inventory) completely to expose all the rocks (problems).TrueFalse47.Successful lean implementation requires much more than slogans and idealistic goals such as zero inventories and zero defects.TrueFalse48.Lean concepts include large lots to take advantage of the economies of scale.TrueFalse49.Value-stream mapping is concerned strictly with the flow of materials through a production system.TrueFalse50.For a company with a product mix of 40% of product A and 30% each of products B and C, which of the following mixed-model sequences most reflects the lean philosophy?A.AABBCCAABCB.ABCABCABCAC.AAAABBBCCCD.BCABCABCABE.BBBAACCCAA51.The lean philosophy suggests that workers are _________.A.AssetsB.LiabilitiesC.InterchangeableD.ReplaceableE.To be phased out52.The ultimate goal of lean operations is to have:A.no in-process inventoriesB.cross-trained workers capable of handling every processC.a smooth, rapid flow of materials through the systemD.no setup timesE.all of the above53.Which one of the following is not one of the building blocks that is the foundation of the lean philosophy?A.product designB.process designC.personnel/organizational elementsD.manufacturing planning and controlE.kanban54.Building up an inventory of standard parts or modules instead of immediately producing the finished end items is the essence of:A.delayed differentiationB.kanbanC.autonomationD.andonE.matrix management55.Which of the following would you not expect to see in a lean environment?A.a flexible systemB.minimum inventoryC.little wasteD.reduced setup timesE.a significant number of daily schedule changes56.The comprehensive approach used in lean systems to deal with quality includes:A.designing quality into products and processesB.insisting vendors provide high quality materialsC.making workers responsible for producing high qualityD.A, B and CE.100% inspection of raw materials, work-in-process and finished goods57.Which of the following is not a benefit of small lot sizes in lean systems?A.In-process inventory is considerably less.B.Each product is produced less frequently.C.Carrying costs are reduced.D.There is less clutter in the workplace.E.Inspection and rework costs are less.58.In the lean philosophy, the ideal lot size is:A.the economic order quantityB.the economic run sizeC.one unitD.the capacity of the standard containerE.N= (DT(1+X))/C59.Which of the following does not contribute to reduced setup time and cost?A.standardized setup toolsB.standardized setup equipmentC.custom setup procedures for each productD.use of multipurpose equipment or attachmentsE.use of group technology60.A conveyance __________ signals parts movement.A.RequestB.RoutingC.Bar codeD.KanbanE.Kazian61.The term that refers to the automatic detection of defects is:A.kaizenB.kanbanC.autonomationD.automationE.100% inspection62.A basic requirement for operating with the low inventories present in lean systems is:A.Inventory space must be increased.B.Inventory investment must be increased.C.Major problems must be identified.D.Major problems must have been solved.E.Inventories must be reduced rapidly.63.Which of the following is not characteristic of preventive maintenance in lean systems?A.maintaining equipment in good operating conditionB.replacing parts when they are worn but before they failC.workers maintaining their own equipmentD.eliminating supplies of spare parts to reduce capital investmentE.perceiving breakdowns as an opportunity for improvement64.The Five S's don't include _______.A.SortB.StraightenC.SanitizeD.SweepE.Standardize65.The Kaizen philosophy applies to ________.A.Employee developmentB.Safety stockC.WasteD.Supply Chain ManagementE.MRP III66.A kanban card is used to signal that:A.work is needed at the work centerB.work is ready to be moved to the next stationC.a worker has run out of parts needed for further processingD.a machine has broken down and needs immediate attentionE.a machine is ready for preventive maintenance67.With regard to suppliers, lean systems typically require:A.delivery of large lots at regular intervalsB.buyer inspection of goods and materialsC.multiple sources from which to purchaseD.long-term relationships and commitmentsE.the lowest price possible68.Which of the following is characteristic of the lean philosophy?A.Inventories are an asset.B.Lot sizes are optimized by formula.C.Vendors are co-workers, essentially other departments of our organization.D.Queues are a necessary investment.E.all of the above69.The activities controlled in the same way by kanban and MRP II is the determination of:A.rates of outputB.products to be builtC.materials requiredD.capacity requiredE.feedback information70.Process design supporting lean doesn't include ______.A.Production flexibilityB.Duplicate facilitiesC.Setup time reductionD.Minimal inventory storageE.Small lot sizes71.Which of the following questions is not answered by value stream mapping?A.Where does waste occur?B.Which processes or sub-processes exhibit the most variability?C.Where are the best opportunities to extract more value from customers?D.Where are process bottlenecks?E.Where do errors occur?72.A successful conversion to a lean system requires that the conversion:A.be done as quickly as possibleB.begin at the start of the process and work forwardC.convert vendors to lean as one of the last stepsD.reduce setup times as one of the last stepsE.all of the above73.A potential obstacle to conversion to a lean system is:A.lack of management commitmentB.lack of worker cooperationC.supplier resistanceD.all of the aboveE.insufficient space to store the increased inventories74.A system of lights used at each workstation to signal problems or slowdowns is:A.command and control centerB.automationC.andonD.pull systemE.kanban75.Which of the following contributes to the competitive advantage enjoyed by firms using lean production?A.Backup employees to cover for absenteeismB.100% inspection to remove defectsC.Dedicated equipment to reduce unit costsD.Safety stocks to prevent stock-outsE.Greater flexibility to cope with change76.An operations strategy reflecting the lean philosophy of production should recognize that lean:A.is most suited for non-repetitive manufacturingB.cannot be implemented sequentiallyC.requires a wholesale commitment from the outsetD.may provide a competitive advantageE.all of the above77.With regard to suppliers, lean systems typically involve:A.delivery of large lots on short noticeB.the highest quality at the lowest priceC.long-term relationshipsD.multiple suppliers to assure continuous availabilityE.dedicated staging areas for material78.A common objective of both MRP and the lean philosophy is to:A.smooth productionB.minimize inventoryC.obtain high qualityD.reduce overheadE.eliminate inventory79.The ultimate objective in a lean system is:A.low to moderate levels of inventoryB.high quality, zero defectsC.minimal waste (less than 6%)D.balanced and rapid flowE.all of the above80.The All Seasonings Company uses 3,200 glass jars at one of its jar-filling workstations each eight hours of production. The cycle time for a standard container, which holds 90 jars, averages 45 minutes. If management uses an efficiency factor of twenty percent, how many containers should be used?81.The Four Star Publishing Company uses sixty reams of paper each hour at one of its high speed printing stations. The cycle time for a standard container, which holds 15 reams of paper, averages forty minutes. If management has decided to use three containers, what efficiency factor was applied?82.A production system uses kanban cards to control production and movement of parts. One work center uses an average of 40 pieces per hour of a certain part. Standard containers hold 10 parts. The cycle time for parts containers is about 36 minutes. Management has assigned an efficiency factor of .20 to this work center. How many containers should be used to support this operation?83.A production cell uses 240 pounds of plastic resin each 8-hour day. Resin is transported in drums that hold 100 pounds each. The material is obtained from a nearby supplier, and has a 12-hour cycle time. An efficiency factor of .15 has been assigned to this cell. What is the optimum number of containers to support this operation?84.When lean is used in the context of services, which of the following is most often the focus?A.the labor content of the serviceB.the time needed to perform a serviceC.the inventory tied up in the serviceD.the equipment used in the serviceE.suppliers of inputs to the service85.Which of the following would not contribute to the leaning of services?A.improve the reliability of vendorsB.increase the flexibility of the service systemC.have service workers handle multiple tasksD.standardize the service outputE.improve the service process86.Having a vendor be responsible for managing the restocking of inventory is what is meant by the term ___________.A.JIT IIB.MRP IIC.SCM ID.EOQ IIIE.POQ II87.Because the lean philosophy is so consequential competitively, firms are often advised to adopt it ________.A.with products in the introduction phase of their life-cycleB.with their vendors firstC.completely all at onceD.sequentially over timeE.globally before locally88.Previously management calculated the number of kanban cards allowed by using a value of 1.3 for X. Assuming nothing else (e.g., usage rates, container capacities, etc.) which of the following values for X would indicate management's believing that the system has become more efficient?A.2.6B.2.3C.1.5D.1.4E.1.2ch14 Key1.In lean operations, input resources arrive for processing only after the preceding batch has been completed.TRUEWhen the preceding batch has been completed, the workstation authorizes new input resources to arrive.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-01 Explain what is meant by the term lean operations system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #1Topic Area: Building Blocks2.A functioning MRP system is required prior to adopting lean planning and control systems.FALSELean planning and control can be implemented without the use of MRP.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #2Topic Area: Building Blocks3.In a lean environment, anything not essential to the product or process is viewed as waste.TRUEEliminating such waste is central to the lean philosophy.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-02 List each of the goals of a lean system and explain its importance.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #3Topic Area: Supporting Goals4.The ultimate goal of lean operations is a system characterized by the smooth, rapid flow of materials.TRUEA smooth, rapid material flow is the ideal in a lean environment.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-02 List each of the goals of a lean system and explain its importance.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #4Topic Area: Supporting Goals5.Although inventories are maintained, the goal of lean operations is to minimize safety stock.FALSEThe goal of lean operations is to eliminate safety stock.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-02 List each of the goals of a lean system and explain its importance.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #5Topic Area: Supporting Goals6.Lean operations are unable to easily handle changes of output or product mix.FALSEVolume or product mix changes can easily undermine a system being operated according to lean principles.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-04 Identify the benefits of a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #6Topic Area: Building Blocks7.In the lean philosophy, producing more than two order quantities represents waste.FALSEProducing one order quantity in advance of demand represents waste.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #7Topic Area: Building Blocks8.The four building blocks of lean operations are: product design, process design, personnel/organizational elements, and manufacturing planning and control.TRUEThese are the building blocks of lean operations.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #8Topic Area: Building Blocks9.Fast and simple are two common threads that run through the four building blocks of lean operations.TRUEStreamlined and error-proof are lean ideals.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #9Topic Area: Building Blocks10.Value-stream mapping is a technique focused on finding new ways of adding value for critical stakeholders such as customers.FALSEValue-stream mapping is a visual tool used to systematically examine the flow of materials and information.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-07 Describe value stream mapping.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #10Topic Area: Value Stream Mapping11.If a firm's product mix is 60% of product A and 20% each of products B and C, an optimal mix-model production schedule would be successive sequences of AAABC.FALSEAn optimal schedule would be successive sequences of ABACA.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #11Topic Area: Building Blocks12.Quality and highly capable production systems are requirements for the successful implementation of lean operations.TRUEThese help prevent waste.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #12Topic Area: Building Blocks13.The small lot-sizing policy works well in a situation where both holding costs and setup costs are high.FALSESmall lot-sizing is only workable when setup costs are low.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #13Topic Area: Building Blocks14.The use of small lot sizes in lean operations is in conflict with the EOQ approach since setup costs tend to be significantly higher than holding costs.FALSEThese are not in conflict, since with low setup costs the EOQ leads to small lot sizes.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #14Topic Area: Building Blocks15.A basic requirement for operating with low inventories in lean systems is that major system problems must already have been solved and new problems will be solved as they appear.TRUEUnless these problems are solved, steps required to work with low inventories are economically infeasible.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-04 Identify the benefits of a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #15Topic Area: Building Blocks16.A benefit of small lot sizes in lean systems is that each product is produced less frequently.FALSEProduct versions are produced more frequently in lean systems.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-04 Identify the benefits of a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #16Topic Area: Building Blocks17.In the lean philosophy, the larger the lot size, the easier it is to schedule.FALSEIn the lean system, items with large lot sizes tend to be scheduled less frequently.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #17Topic Area: Building Blocks18.Setup time and its associated cost can often be reduced by the use of group technology.TRUEGroup technology can help with reducing setup time and its associated cost.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-04 Identify the benefits of a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #18Topic Area: Building Blocks19.Lean systems often use layouts that are based on group technology product requirements.TRUEGroup technology can help with reducing setup time and its associated cost.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #19Topic Area: Building Blocks20.The goal of lean operations is to produce output using fewer resources than traditional planning systems.TRUEEconomizing on resource usage is at the heart of lean operations.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-02 List each of the goals of a lean system and explain its importance.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #20Topic Area: Supporting Goals21."Autonomation" indicates that the firm is attempting to reduce its dependence on automated equipment.FALSEAutonomation involves the automatic detection of defects during production.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #21Topic Area: Building Blocks22."Preventive maintenance" is additional maintenance done immediately after a breakdown has occurred to help prevent any further breakdowns.FALSEPreventative maintenance is done on a regularly scheduled basis to help prevent breakdowns.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #22Topic Area: Building Blocks23.In the lean approach, inventories are reduced gradually, instead of eliminating inventories as rapidly as possible.TRUEInventories are reduced as problems are solved.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #23Topic Area: Value Stream Mapping24.One problem with lean operations is that they can lead to much frustration and disappointment of people on the shop floor due to the need for continuously monitoring and expediting resource availability.TRUEWorkers are challenged to take on more responsibility for the process in lean operations.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-06 Point out some of the obstacles that might be encountered when converting to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #24Topic Area: Transitioning to a Lean System25.A real advantage of the lean philosophy is the reduction of co-ordination effort required.FALSESubstantial co-ordination effort is required in the lean philosophy.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-04 Identify the benefits of a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #25Topic Area: Transitioning to a Lean System26.The lean philosophy recognizes that some work-in-process inventories are a necessary investment to allow for smooth work-flow.FALSEThe lean philosophy sees smooth flows enabled by work-in-process inventory as inherently wasteful.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #26Topic Area: Building Blocks27.Preventive maintenance will eliminate the need to carry supplies of spare parts.FALSEThe need to carry spare parts is not eliminated by preventative maintenance.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #27Topic Area: Building Blocks28.A fundamental tenet of the lean philosophy is that workers are paid based on seniority.FALSEThe lean philosophy has no tenet based on how workers are to be paid.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #28Topic Area: Building Blocks29.In lean operations, a responsibility of the cross-trained worker is to check the quality of the work of others.TRUEWorker responsibilities are greater in lean operations.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #29Topic Area: Transitioning to a Lean System30.In lean operations, when work is completed at one work center, it is important to immediately move the completed work to the next work center to minimize idle time.FALSEWork is only moved downstream when such work has been authorized; thus it is important to move finished work downstream because the downstream operation might be starved for inputs.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #30Topic Area: Building Blocks31.In a "pull system," a quantity of inventory in front of a workstation indicates problems at that workstation.TRUEIf that workstation is not authorizing production upstream, soon upstream production will cease.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #31Topic Area: Building Blocks32.Limited WIP lowers inventory carrying costs but reduces flexibility.FALSELimited WIP actually makes the system more flexible.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #32Topic Area: Building Blocks33.Engineering changes can be very disruptive to smooth operations and should not be made in the six month period following introduction of a new product.FALSEEngineering changes should be minimized by doing a better job of product/process design before the product is in production.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #33Topic Area: Building Blocks34.Kanban is the Japanese term for autonomation.FALSEKanban is a Japanese term for "sign" or "visible record."AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #34Topic Area: Building Blocks35.Increased setup times equal increased work in process inventories.TRUEWith higher setup times, batch quantities and work-in-process inventory increases.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-04 Identify the benefits of a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #35Topic Area: Building Blocks36.Kanban focuses on specific part numbers; CONWIP does not.TRUEThis makes CONWIP more suitable for a mixed-product environment.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #36Topic Area: Building Blocks37.Lean systems typically require that suppliers be able to provide large lots at periodic intervals.FALSELean systems need suppliers making frequent deliveries of small lots.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #37Topic Area: Building Blocks38.Lean purchasing requires frequent contract bidding by multiple sources to ensure the buyer of competitive prices.FALSELean purchasing requires collaborative relationships with a relatively small number of suppliers.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #38Topic Area: Building Blocks39.One way of reducing the number of suppliers to the organization is to limit contacts to only one or two tiers of suppliers.FALSELean operations limit contact to only a first tier of suppliers. These are then responsible for sourcing at the second tier and beyond.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #39Topic Area: Building Blocks40.One major difference between the use of kanban and MRP II in scheduling the products to be built is that kanban is primarily a manual system while MRP II uses computers.TRUEKanban can be implemented quite well without computers.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #40Topic Area: Building Blocks41.A benefit of the lean philosophy is the flexibility to respond quickly to changing customer requirements.TRUELean systems can be more responsive to changing customer requirements.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-04 Identify the benefits of a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #41Topic Area: Building Blocks42.A benefit of lean systems is that lead times are increased allowing more time for processing.FALSELead times are reduced in lean systems.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-04 Identify the benefits of a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #42Topic Area: Building Blocks43.A successful conversion to a lean system requires that every vendor use lean approaches prior to the organization's implementation.FALSESuccessful conversion to a lean system tends to require a more cooperative relationship with vendors.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #43Topic Area: Transitioning to a Lean System44.The single-minute exchange of die is a system for reducing defective product.FALSESingle-minute exchange of die reduces setup costs and therefore lot sizes.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #44Topic Area: Building Blocks45.In a balanced system, cycle time is equal to Takt time.TRUETakt time is equal to cycle time in a balanced system.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #45Topic Area: Building Blocks46.It is important to lower the water (inventory) completely to expose all the rocks (problems).FALSEInventory only needs to be lowered modestly to expose the most pressing problems. Over time, with subsequent reductions, all problems will be uncovered.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-04 Identify the benefits of a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #46Topic Area: Building Blocks47.Successful lean implementation requires much more than slogans and idealistic goals such as zero inventories and zero defects.TRUELean represents a fundamental shift in the philosophy of the organization, requiring changes in a wide variety of areas.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #47Topic Area: Transitioning to a Lean System48.Lean concepts include large lots to take advantage of the economies of scale.FALSELean concepts include small lots to avoid holding costs and associated wastes.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #48Topic Area: Building Blocks49.Value-stream mapping is concerned strictly with the flow of materials through a production system.FALSEValue-stream mapping also looks at information flows.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-07 Describe value stream mapping.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #49Topic Area: Value Stream Mapping50.For a company with a product mix of 40% of product A and 30% each of products B and C, which of the following mixed-model sequences most reflects the lean philosophy?A.AABBCCAABCB.ABCABCABCAC.AAAABBBCCCD.BCABCABCABE.BBBAACCCAAThis sequence matches the demand rate most closely.AACSB: AnalyticBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #50Topic Area: Building Blocks51.The lean philosophy suggests that workers are _________.A.AssetsB.LiabilitiesC.InterchangeableD.ReplaceableE.To be phased outThis is a fundamental tenet of the lean philosophy.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #51Topic Area: Building Blocks52.The ultimate goal of lean operations is to have:A.no in-process inventoriesB.cross-trained workers capable of handling every processC.a smooth, rapid flow of materials through the systemD.no setup timesE.all of the aboveThis flow should be perfectly balanced with the demand rate.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-02 List each of the goals of a lean system and explain its importance.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #52Topic Area: Building Blocks53.Which one of the following is not one of the building blocks that is the foundation of the lean philosophy?A.product designB.process designC.personnel/organizational elementsD.manufacturing planning and controlE.kanbanKanban is not a philosophical building block but a tool whose usage often reflects the lean philosophy.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #53Topic Area: Building Blocks54.Building up an inventory of standard parts or modules instead of immediately producing the finished end items is the essence of:A.delayed differentiationB.kanbanC.autonomationD.andonE.matrix managementDelayed differentiation reduces setup costs with respect to the finished item.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #54Topic Area: Building Blocks55.Which of the following would you not expect to see in a lean environment?A.a flexible systemB.minimum inventoryC.little wasteD.reduced setup timesE.a significant number of daily schedule changesDaily schedule changes would interrupt the smooth flow that is central to lean production.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #55Topic Area: Supporting Goals56.The comprehensive approach used in lean systems to deal with quality includes:A.designing quality into products and processesB.insisting vendors provide high quality materialsC.making workers responsible for producing high qualityD.A, B and CE.100% inspection of raw materials, work-in-process and finished goodsComplete inspection would be wasteful in the lean philosophy.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #56Topic Area: Building Blocks57.Which of the following is not a benefit of small lot sizes in lean systems?A.In-process inventory is considerably less.B.Each product is produced less frequently.C.Carrying costs are reduced.D.There is less clutter in the workplace.E.Inspection and rework costs are less.Each product is produced more frequently with small lot sizes.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-04 Identify the benefits of a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #57Topic Area: Building Blocks58.In the lean philosophy, the ideal lot size is:A.the economic order quantityB.the economic run sizeC.one unitD.the capacity of the standard containerE.N= (DT(1+X))/CA lot size of one unit is ideal in a lean environment.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #58Topic Area: Building Blocks59.Which of the following does not contribute to reduced setup time and cost?A.standardized setup toolsB.standardized setup equipmentC.custom setup procedures for each productD.use of multipurpose equipment or attachmentsE.use of group technologyCustom setups would increase complexity and therefore setup time and cost.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #59Topic Area: Building Blocks60.A conveyance __________ signals parts movement.A.RequestB.RoutingC.Bar codeD.KanbanE.KazianA conveyance kanban would authorize a batch of parts to be moved.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #60Topic Area: Building Blocks61.The term that refers to the automatic detection of defects is:A.kaizenB.kanbanC.autonomationD.automationE.100% inspectionAutomatically detecting defects is key to reducing waste.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #61Topic Area: Building Blocks62.A basic requirement for operating with the low inventories present in lean systems is:A.Inventory space must be increased.B.Inventory investment must be increased.C.Major problems must be identified.D.Major problems must have been solved.E.Inventories must be reduced rapidly.Identifying problems does not facilitate low-inventory operations. Solving problems does.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #62Topic Area: Building Blocks63.Which of the following is not characteristic of preventive maintenance in lean systems?A.maintaining equipment in good operating conditionB.replacing parts when they are worn but before they failC.workers maintaining their own equipmentD.eliminating supplies of spare parts to reduce capital investmentE.perceiving breakdowns as an opportunity for improvementReducing spare parts supplies makes the system more vulnerable to a breakdown.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #63Topic Area: Building Blocks64.The Five S's don't include _______.A.SortB.StraightenC.SanitizeD.SweepE.StandardizeSanitize is not one of the five S's.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #64Topic Area: Building Blocks65.The Kaizen philosophy applies to ________.A.Employee developmentB.Safety stockC.WasteD.Supply Chain ManagementE.MRP IIIThrough continuous improvement, more and more problems are overcome and the system can be made leaner and leaner.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #65Topic Area: Supporting Goals66.A kanban card is used to signal that:A.work is needed at the work centerB.work is ready to be moved to the next stationC.a worker has run out of parts needed for further processingD.a machine has broken down and needs immediate attentionE.a machine is ready for preventive maintenanceKanban cards signal authorization from downstream work centers.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #66Topic Area: Building Blocks67.With regard to suppliers, lean systems typically require:A.delivery of large lots at regular intervalsB.buyer inspection of goods and materialsC.multiple sources from which to purchaseD.long-term relationships and commitmentsE.the lowest price possibleLong-term relationships help ensure that suppliers become partners in the lean firm's waste-reduction efforts.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #67Topic Area: Building Blocks68.Which of the following is characteristic of the lean philosophy?A.Inventories are an asset.B.Lot sizes are optimized by formula.C.Vendors are co-workers, essentially other departments of our organization.D.Queues are a necessary investment.E.all of the aboveLong-term relationships help ensure that suppliers become partners in the lean firm's waste-reduction efforts.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #68Topic Area: Building Blocks69.The activities controlled in the same way by kanban and MRP II is the determination of:A.rates of outputB.products to be builtC.materials requiredD.capacity requiredE.feedback informationBoth kanban and MRPII are used to signal production.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #69Topic Area: Building Blocks70.Process design supporting lean doesn't include ______.A.Production flexibilityB.Duplicate facilitiesC.Setup time reductionD.Minimal inventory storageE.Small lot sizesFacilities duplication would be inherently wasteful.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #70Topic Area: Building Blocks71.Which of the following questions is not answered by value stream mapping?A.Where does waste occur?B.Which processes or sub-processes exhibit the most variability?C.Where are the best opportunities to extract more value from customers?D.Where are process bottlenecks?E.Where do errors occur?Value-stream mapping is a process-focused tool.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-07 Describe value stream mapping.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #71Topic Area: Value Stream Mapping72.A successful conversion to a lean system requires that the conversion:A.be done as quickly as possibleB.begin at the start of the process and work forwardC.convert vendors to lean as one of the last stepsD.reduce setup times as one of the last stepsE.all of the aboveA firm can become leaner and leaner with its vendors doing so. Only in the last stages does it become important for vendors themselves to become lean.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #72Topic Area: Building Blocks73.A potential obstacle to conversion to a lean system is:A.lack of management commitmentB.lack of worker cooperationC.supplier resistanceD.all of the aboveE.insufficient space to store the increased inventoriesInventories will not increase in a lean conversion.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-06 Point out some of the obstacles that might be encountered when converting to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #73Topic Area: Transitioning to a Lean System74.A system of lights used at each workstation to signal problems or slowdowns is:A.command and control centerB.automationC.andonD.pull systemE.kanbanAndon focuses attention on where in the process problems are.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #74Topic Area: Building Blocks75.Which of the following contributes to the competitive advantage enjoyed by firms using lean production?A.Backup employees to cover for absenteeismB.100% inspection to remove defectsC.Dedicated equipment to reduce unit costsD.Safety stocks to prevent stock-outsE.Greater flexibility to cope with changeFirms that use lean production can become more flexible relative to their competitors.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-04 Identify the benefits of a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #75Topic Area: Operations Strategy76.An operations strategy reflecting the lean philosophy of production should recognize that lean:A.is most suited for non-repetitive manufacturingB.cannot be implemented sequentiallyC.requires a wholesale commitment from the outsetD.may provide a competitive advantageE.all of the aboveLean is not for every firm and every strategy.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: HardLearning Objective: 14-04 Identify the benefits of a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #76Topic Area: Operations Strategy77.With regard to suppliers, lean systems typically involve:A.delivery of large lots on short noticeB.the highest quality at the lowest priceC.long-term relationshipsD.multiple suppliers to assure continuous availabilityE.dedicated staging areas for materialLong-term relationships typically are necessary to make the vendor a partner in the leaning effort.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #77Topic Area: Building Blocks78.A common objective of both MRP and the lean philosophy is to:A.smooth productionB.minimize inventoryC.obtain high qualityD.reduce overheadE.eliminate inventoryMRP and the lean philosophy are similar in this objective. They differ substantially in how they pursue it.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-04 Identify the benefits of a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #78Topic Area: Building Blocks79.The ultimate objective in a lean system is:A.low to moderate levels of inventoryB.high quality, zero defectsC.minimal waste (less than 6%)D.balanced and rapid flowE.all of the aboveBalanced and rapid flow is key to being a waste-free system.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-02 List each of the goals of a lean system and explain its importance.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #79Topic Area: Supporting Goals80.The All Seasonings Company uses 3,200 glass jars at one of its jar-filling workstations each eight hours of production. The cycle time for a standard container, which holds 90 jars, averages 45 minutes. If management uses an efficiency factor of twenty percent, how many containers should be used?4 containersFeedback: Given D = 3200/8 = 400 jars per hourT = 45/60 = .75 hourX = .20C = 90 jarsAACSB: AnalyticBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #80Topic Area: Building Blocks81.The Four Star Publishing Company uses sixty reams of paper each hour at one of its high speed printing stations. The cycle time for a standard container, which holds 15 reams of paper, averages forty minutes. If management has decided to use three containers, what efficiency factor was applied?12.5%Feedback: Given N = 3 containersD = 60 reams per hourT = 40/60 = 2/3 hourC = 15 reamsAACSB: AnalyticBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #81Topic Area: Building Blocks82.A production system uses kanban cards to control production and movement of parts. One work center uses an average of 40 pieces per hour of a certain part. Standard containers hold 10 parts. The cycle time for parts containers is about 36 minutes. Management has assigned an efficiency factor of .20 to this work center. How many containers should be used to support this operation?3 containersFeedback: Given D = 40/hourT = 0.6 hours, X = 0.20 and C = 10, therefore,AACSB: AnalyticBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #82Topic Area: Building Blocks83.A production cell uses 240 pounds of plastic resin each 8-hour day. Resin is transported in drums that hold 100 pounds each. The material is obtained from a nearby supplier, and has a 12-hour cycle time. An efficiency factor of .15 has been assigned to this cell. What is the optimum number of containers to support this operation?5 containersFeedback: Given D = 240/8 = 30 pounds/hourT = 12 hoursC = 100 poundsX = 0.15AACSB: AnalyticBlooms: ApplyDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #83Topic Area: Building Blocks84.When lean is used in the context of services, which of the following is most often the focus?A.the labor content of the serviceB.the time needed to perform a serviceC.the inventory tied up in the serviceD.the equipment used in the serviceE.suppliers of inputs to the serviceThis is because speed is often an important order winner for services.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-02 List each of the goals of a lean system and explain its importance.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #84Topic Area: Lean Services85.Which of the following would not contribute to the leaning of services?A.improve the reliability of vendorsB.increase the flexibility of the service systemC.have service workers handle multiple tasksD.standardize the service outputE.improve the service processHaving service workers handle multiple tasks often makes the system less lean.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: MediumLearning Objective: 14-06 Point out some of the obstacles that might be encountered when converting to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #85Topic Area: Lean Services86.Having a vendor be responsible for managing the restocking of inventory is what is meant by the term ___________.A.JIT IIB.MRP IIC.SCM ID.EOQ IIIE.POQ IIJIT II is also known as vendor-managed inventory.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-05 Outline the considerations important in converting a traditional mode of operations to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #86Topic Area: JIT II87.Because the lean philosophy is so consequential competitively, firms are often advised to adopt it ________.A.with products in the introduction phase of their life-cycleB.with their vendors firstC.completely all at onceD.sequentially over timeE.globally before locallyA gradual adoption of lean often gives a clearer picture of its benefits and drawbacks.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: RememberDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-06 Point out some of the obstacles that might be encountered when converting to a lean system.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #87Topic Area: Operations Strategy88.Previously management calculated the number of kanban cards allowed by using a value of 1.3 for X. Assuming nothing else (e.g., usage rates, container capacities, etc.) which of the following values for X would indicate management's believing that the system has become more efficient?A.2.6B.2.3C.1.5D.1.4E.1.2Decreasing values for X indicate, everything else being equal, a system that is improving in efficiency.AACSB: Reflective ThinkingBlooms: UnderstandDifficulty: EasyLearning Objective: 14-03 List and briefly describe the building blocks of lean.Stevenson - Chapter 14 #88Topic Area: Building Blocksch14 SummaryCategory#ofQuestionsAACSB:Analytic5AACSB:ReflectiveThinking83Blooms:Apply5Blooms:Remember68Blooms:Understand15Difficulty:Easy31Difficulty:Hard15Difficulty:Medium42LearningObjective:14-01Explainwhatismeantbythetermleanoperationssystem.1LearningObjective:14-02Listeachofthegoalsofaleansystemandexplainitsimportance.7LearningObjective:14-03Listandbrieflydescribethebuildingblocksoflean.29LearningObjective:14-04Identifythebenefitsofaleansystem.13LearningObjective:14-05Outlinetheconsiderationsimportantinconvertingatraditionalmodeofoperationstoaleansystem.31LearningObjective:14-06Pointoutsomeoftheobstaclesthatmightbeencounteredwhenconvertingtoaleansystem.4LearningObjective:14-07Describevaluestreammapping.3Stevenson-Chapter1488TopicArea:BuildingBlocks65TopicArea:JITII1TopicArea:LeanServices2TopicArea:OperationsStrategy3TopicArea:SupportingGoals7TopicArea:TransitioningtoaLeanSystem6TopicArea:ValueStreamMapping4