Open to pg. 298

• Read the “Connections: Here and There” section on TRUMPETS.

• In your notes, answer:– Why are trumpets important?– What purpose do they serve?– What is a shofar?– Who is Wynton Marsalis?

Oral Tradition

• Oral tradition – poems, songs, or stories passed by word of mouth from one generation to another.

• Dangers of Oral Tradition?– Telephone

Patterns of Life

• In your W.N., answer the following questions:– What is “matrilineal”?– Why are many societies in Africa “matrilineal”?

Patterns of Life

• Get out your: – Africa Trading Kingdoms Worksheet– Map of Africa– W.N.:

• In your W.N., answer the following questions:– What is “matrilineal”?– Why are many societies in Africa “matrilineal”?

African City-States & Kingdoms

• Get a hand out and begin filling out the chart.

Society Dates Location Economic Activities

Cultural Achievements

Reasons for Decline

Kush

Aksum

Kilwa

Shona

Ghana

Mali

Songhay

Society Dates LocationEconomic Activities

Cultural Achievements

Reasons for Decline

Kush

Aksum

Kilwa

Shona

Ghana

Mali

Songhay

1800BC-150AD

East Africa, along Nile

Controlled trade routes, iron working

Pyramids, temples; pottery

Unknown, (before Aksum)

300s to 700s

East Africa, Ethiopian Highlands (Nile)

Controlled Red Sea trade routes

Ezana converted to Christianity

Influence ended with rise of Islam

1100s to 1400s

Coast of East Africa

Port for shipment of goods

Trade center, large mosque

???

About 800-1400s

Central Africa, modern Zimbabwe

Controlled mining, shipment of gold to coast

Great Zimbabwe

Mysterious-maybe natural disaster

200s-1235

West Africa

Controlled desert trade routes

Use of camels

Invaded by Berber tribes

1200s-1468

West Africa

Controlled desert trade routes

Mansa Musa-art & Muslim education

Sunni Ali & his fleet capture Timbuktu

1468-1591

West Africa

Controlled desert trade routes

Standardized weights, measures, currency

Moroccans invaded

Get out African Kingdoms handout …Look at the picture below and get to work on the back of the handout.

Aerial View

Paraphrasing Information

• Read pg. 301: “Writing about History: Paraphrasing Information”– Complete the “Practicing the Skill” Activity.

• Get out your Zimbabwe Activity and W.N. Journal Entry to be Graded.

Trade in Africa:• What goods did East and Central

Africans trade to others?– Gold

– Slaves

– Ivory

– Hides

– Tortoise shells

• What did they trade for?– Porcelain

– Weapons

– Salt

– Tools

– Cloth