open house, carlsbad, ca feb 17, 2003 bob heile, chair, zigbee alliance

Open House, Carlsbad, CA Feb 17, 2003

Bob Heile, Chair, Zigbee Alliance

Month YearCopyright 2003 The ZigBee Alliance, Inc.

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Today’s Agenda

Time Discussion Topic Moderator1:00 PM Welcome and Introductions Bob Heile, ZigBee Alliance Chairman

1:05 PM ZigBee Alliance Overview, Goals and Objectives

Bob Heile

Philips Venkat Bahl, Business Development Manager,Philips Semiconductors

Motorola Karen Dunning, Vice President and Director of Licensing and Business Development

Mitsubishi Michael Weseloh, MCU Strategic Marketing Manager

Honeywell Patrick Gonia, Senior Staff Scientist, Automation & Control Solutions

Invensys Ron Strich, Executive Vice President, Invensys Home Controls

2:30 PM IEEE 802.15.4 Status and Technical Update

Pat Kinney, Invensys

2:50 PM Break

1:40 PM ZigBee Promoter Introductions and Presentations:


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Today’s Agenda (2)

Time Discussion Topic Moderator3:10 PM ZigBee Marketing Overview Venkat Bahl, Philips

Profiles Architecture Nick Shepherd, PhilipsBuilding Automation Pat Kinney, InvensysNetworking Monique Bourgeois, MotorolaSecurity Dan Bailey, NtruInteroperability Bhupender Virk, Philips

ZigBee Member Companies

5:00 PM Closing Q & A Bob Heile5:15 PM Sunset Reception

3:30 PM

4:15 PM

ZigBee Technical Working Groups Goals and activities of each working group


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Mission Statement

ZigBee Alliance members are defining global standards for reliable, cost-effective, low power wireless applications. The ZigBee

Alliance is a rapidly growing, non-profit industry consortium of leading

semiconductor manufacturers, technology providers, OEMs and end users worldwide.


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The ZigBee Alliance Solution

• Targeted at home and building automation and controls, consumer electronics, PC peripherals, medical monitoring, and toys

• Industry standard through application profiles running over IEEE 802.15.4 radios

• Primary drivers are simplicity, long battery life, networking capabilities, reliability, and cost

• Alliance provides interoperability and certification testing


6

History

ZigBee

IEEE 802.15.4

1998 1999 2000 2001 2002

RSI/TRDProposals

Initial MRD v0.2

PAR

Proposalto IEEE

ProposalsExpected

completionReviews

ZigBee Allianceformed


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Promoter Companies


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Membership Classes

• Promoters– founding members of ZigBee, who form the

Board of Directors. There are currently 5 promoters + 1 chairperson

• Participants– members who generally wish to make technical

contributions and/or serve on the Technical Group committees. These members have early access to specifications, and they may also chair working group subcommittees. They are in a position to help shape the ZigBee technology for industrial applications and the connected home.


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Working Groups

• Profile Architecture (Nick Shepherd)• Network (Monique Bourgeois)• Security (Dan Bailey)• Interoperability (Bhupender Virk)• Building Automation (Pat Kinney)• Marketing (Venkat Bahl)


10

Organization Structure


11

The Wireless MarketS

HO

RT

<

R

AN

GE

>

L

ON

G

LOW < DATA RATE > HIGH

PAN

LAN

TEXT GRAPHICS INTERNET HI-FI AUDIO

STREAMINGVIDEO

DIGITALVIDEO

MULTI-CHANNELVIDEO

Bluetooth1

Bluetooth 2

ZigBee

802.11b

802.11a/HL2 & 802.11g


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Applications

ZigBeeLOW DATA-RATE RADIO DEVICES

HOME AUTOMATION

CONSUMER ELECTRONICS

TVVCRDVD/CDremote

securityHVAClightingclosures

PC & PERIPHERALS

TOYS & GAMES

consolesportables

educational

PERSONAL HEALTH CARE

INDUSTRIAL & COMMERCIAL

monitorssensors

automationcontrol

mousekeyboardjoystick

monitorsdiagnostics

sensors


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Development of the Standard

• ZigBee Alliance

– 45+ companies: semiconductor mfrs, IP providers, OEMs, etc.

– Defining upper layers of protocol stack: from network to application, including application profiles

– First profiles published mid 2003

• IEEE 802.15.4 Working Group

– Defining lower layers of protocol stack: MAC and PHY scheduled for release in April

SILICON

ZIGBEE STACK

APPLICATION Customer

IEEE802.15.4

ZigBee Alliance


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Frequencies and Data Rates

BAND COVERAGE DATA RATE CHANNEL(S)

2.4 GHz ISM Worldwide 250 kbps 16

868 MHz Europe 20 kbps 1

915 MHz ISM Americas 40 kbps 10


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Stack Reference Model

IEEE 802.15.4 PHY

IEEE 802.15.4 MAC (CPS)

ZigBee NWK

MAC (SSCS)802.2 LLC

IP

API UDP

ZA1 ZA2 … ZAn IA1 IAn

Transmission & reception on the physical radio channel

Channel access, PAN maintenance, reliable data transport

Topology management, MAC management, routing, discovery

protocol, security management

Application interface designed usinggeneral profile

End developer applications, designed using application profiles


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Protocol Stack Features

• Microcontroller utilized• Full protocol stack <32 k• Simple node-only

stack ~4k• Coordinators

require extra RAM– Node device database– Transaction table– Pairing table

PHY LAYER2.4 GHz 915MHz 868 MHz

MAC LAYERMAC LAYER

DATA LINK LAYER

NETWORK LAYERStar/Cluster/Mesh

APPLICATION INTERFACE

APPLICATIONS

Silicon

Application

ZigBee Stack

Customer

IEEE802.15.4

ZigBee Alliance

SECURITY

ZigBee vs Bluetooth

Competitive or Complementary?


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ZigBee and Bluetoothaddress different needs

• Bluetooth is a cable replacement for items like Phones, Laptop Computers, Headsets


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• ZigBee is better for devices Where the battery is ‘rarely’ replaced

ZigBee and Bluetoothaddress different needs


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Bluetooth is Best ...

For :• Ad-hoc networks between

capable devices• Handsfree audio• Screen graphics,

pictures…• File transfer• ...

but ZigBee is Better

IF :• The Network is static• Lots of devices• Infrequently used• Small Data Packets


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2.4 gig Air interface

ZigBee• DSSS• 11 chips/ symbol• 62.5 K symbols/s• 4 Bits/ symbol• Peak Information Rate

~128 Kbit/second

Bluetooth• FHSS• 1 M Symbol / second

• Peak Information Rate ~720 Kbit / second


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Battery Life

• Bluetooth expects regular charging– Target is to use <10% of host power

• ZigBee is for use with Primary Cells– Targets are :

• Tiny fraction of host power• New opportunities where wireless not yet

used


23

Initial Enumeration

Coordinator Coordinator

ZigBee Bluetooth


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Error Correction / Security

• Bluetooth offers some Forward Error Correction

• 0, 40, 64 & 128 bit encryption

• ZigBee handshakes detect errors and initiate retransmission.

• Application Level Security


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Silicon

PHY Layer

MAC LayerMAC Layer

Data Link Layer

Network Layer

ZigBeeStack

Application

Application Interface

Application

Protocol Stack Comparison

Silicon

RFBaseband

Link ControllerV

oic

e

Link Manager

Host Control Interface

L2CAP

TelephonyControlProtocol

Inte

rco

m

Hea

dse

t

Co

rdle

ss

Gro

up

Cal

l

RFCOMM(Serial Port)

OBEX

BluetoothStack

Applications

vCar

d

vCal

vNo

te

vMes

sag

e

Dia

l-u

pN

etw

ork

ing

Fax ServiceDiscoveryProtocol

User Interface

Zigbee Bluetooth


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An Application Example

• Wireless Light switch - Easy for Builders to install

• Bluetooth would either :– keep a counter running so

that it could predict which hop frequency the light would have reached or

– use the inquiry procedure to find the light each time the switch was operated.

Battery Life & Latency in a Light Switch


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Battery Power Consumption Efficiency

• The two devices must stay within 60 us (~1/10 of a hop)• 30ppm crystals => could increase at 60us per second.• Devices communicate once a second to track each other's

clocks.• Possibly could be improved by a factor of 100.

• The devices would then need to communicate once every 100 seconds to maintain synchronization.

• => 900 communications / day with no information transfer• + perhaps 4 communications on demand

• 99.5% Battery Power wasted


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Latency

• Undertake Bluetooth inquiry procedure when light switch operated

• May typically take 10-30 seconds using Bluetooth 1.1 ?

• Even if optimized (Bluetooth 1.2), latency is a few seconds


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Light switch Conclusion

• ZigBee radio using DSSS need only perform CSMA before transmitting, a delay of only 200 s

• In the case of a light switch, ZigBee offers longer battery life and lower latency than a Bluetooth equivalent.


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Conclusion

• ZigBee targets applications not addressable by Bluetooth or any other wireless standard

• ZigBee and Bluetooth complement for a broader solution


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More Information

ZigBee Alliance web site http://www.ZigBee.org

IEEE 802.15.4 web site

http://www.ieee802.org/15/pub/TG4.html

Bob Heile, Chair

[email protected]

open house, carlsbad, ca feb 17, 2003 bob heile, chair, zigbee alliance

Documents

pmzigbee alliance overview

zigbee alliance chairman1

zigbee allianceauthor

zigbee member companies5

executive vice president

business development

technical updatepat

introductionsbob heile