open educational practices: serving social justice & transforming pedagogy

Open Educational Practices

Serving Social Justice & Transforming Pedagogy

University Teaching Fellow & Psychology Instructor, Kwantlen Polytechnic UniversitySenior Open Education Advocacy & Research Fellow, BCcampus

Faculty Workshop Facilitator, Open Textbook Network

Rajiv Jhangiani, Ph.D.

@thatpsychprof

“higher education shall be equally accessible to all”

2.4 millionlow & moderate-income college-qualified

high school graduates could not complete college(2001-10)

The Advisory Committee on Student Financial Assistance http://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED529499.pdf

$2,000

$3,000

$4,000

$5,000

$6,000

$7,000

$8,000

$9,000

$10,000

1990 1992 1994 1996 1998 2000 2002 2004 2006 2008 2010 2012 2014

US Higher Education Funding -‐ $/FTE

State Funding Tuition Revenue

http://www.sheeo.org

0

200

400

600

800

1,000

1,200

1,400

1,600

1,800

1960 1965 1970 1975 1980 1985 1990 1995 2000 2005 2010

Hours @

Minimum

Wage

Hours of Work Required to Afford Tuition(University of Minnesota)

1

Access codes• Eliminate no-cost

alternatives• Eliminate low-cost

alternatives• Create a direct link

between the ability to pay and ability to get good grades

What can YOU do?

• Survey your student body• #textbookbroke campaign• Presentations • Utilize visuals, create displays• Speak directly to faculty & admin• Suggest that faculty review a textbook• Showcase examples• Form a student-led OER group• Connect. Collaborate.

#TextbookBroke

Buy used (if possible)Buy onlineResell (if possible)RentShared purchase(Inter)library loansPhotocopyInternational editionOld edition

– University of Minnesota student

“I figured French hadn't changed that much”

66.5% Not purchase the required textbook

47.6% Take fewer courses

45.5% Not register for a specific course

37.6% Earn a poor grade

26.1% Drop a course

19.8% Fail a course

��

Florida Virtual Campus. (2016). 2016 student textbook and course materials survey. Tallahassee, FL: Author.

Revise Remix

Retain Redistribute

Reuse

Source: David Wiley, http://opencontent.org/blog/archives/3221March 5, 2014, CC-‐BY

open = free + permissions

Source: Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons report

rijksmuseum.nl

ted.comed.ted.com

rpsychologist.com

gutenberg.org

Not just free or low-cost textbooks

Not just digital textbooks

openstax.org

open.bccampus.ca

nobaproject.com

Source: Creative Commons, 2015 State of the Commons report

open.umn.edu

"Opening the Curriculum: Open Education Resources in U.S. Higher Education, 2014"by I. Elaine Allen & Jeff Seaman, Babson Survey Research Group is licensed under CC BY 4.0

80% 75%

Below average3%

Average20%

Above average34%

Excellent43%

HOW WOULD YOU RATE THE QUALITY OF YOUR OPEN TEXTBOOK?

Strongly agree6%

Slightly agree12%

Neither17%

Slightly disagree15%

Strongly disagree50%

WOULD YOU HAVE PREFERRED A TRADITIONAL TEXTBOOK?

Jhangiani & Jhangiani (2017)

HOW IMPORTANT TO YOU ARE THE FOLLOWING FEATURES OF YOUR OPEN TEXTBOOK?

12.6

6.7

9.6

7.8

2.9

1

13.6

22.1

15.4

4.9

1

1.9

31.1

20.2

21.2

16.5

10.6

9.6

21.4

26

21.2

32

36.5

26.9

21.4

25

32.7

38.8

49

60.6

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80% 90% 100%

Shareability

Permanent retention

Option to print

Convenience/portability

Immediate access

Cost savings

Not important at all Of little importance Of average importance

Very important Absolutely essential Jhangiani & Jhangiani (in press)

I would not have bought the text book for this course because it's an elective. I would have possibly walked away with a C, now I might actually get an A-‐

It is easily accessible and convenient. Material is easy to understand and follow

I personally really like the convenience of having the complete set of chapters on my computer and even accessible from my phone if I need it. I like that I don't have to lug around another text book

It's free and it's a great money saver

13 Peer Reviewed Studies of Efficacy

http://openedgroup.org/

119,720 Students


95% Same or BetterOutcomes


openedgroup.org/review

Fischer et al. (2015)

• Quasi-‐experimental design• Propensity-‐score matched groups• 16,727 students taking 15 courses at 10 institutions• OER students:• Lower withdrawal rates• More likely to pass with a C-‐ or better• Higher course grades• Enrolled in more courses (current & subsequent semesters)

Fischer, L., Hilton, J., Robinson T. J., & Wiley, D. (2015). A multi-‐institutional study of the impact of open textbook adoption on the learning outcomes of post-‐secondary students. Journal of Computing in Higher Education, 27(3), 159-‐172. doi:10.1007/s12528-‐015-‐9101-‐x

Jhangiani et al. (under review)

Jhangiani, R., Dastur, F., LeGrand, R., & Penner, K. (under review). Introductory psychology textbooks: The roles of online vs. print and open vs. traditional textbooks.

0102030405060708090100

Exam 1 Exam 2 Exam 3

Percen

t Correct

Traditional

Open Print

Open Digital

p < 0.05 ns ns

“Mad” “Glad”

“Sad” “Rad”

Cost

Completing with C or Better

Student Success per Dollar

0 100%

$400


“Sad” “Rad”

Cost


Commercial


0 100%

$400


“Sad” “Rad”

Cost


Commercial

OER


0 100%

$400

Commercial vs. OER

Hilton et al. (2016)

Cost savings

Access

Outcomes

Adapt, update, & remix

Enrolment

Persistence

Completion

"Recycling Water Bottles" byMr.TinDC is licensed under CC BY-‐ND 2.0

Open Pedagogy: HOW

Deeper learning (Farzan & Kraut, 2013)

Evaluate and defend credibility of sources (Marentette, 2014)

Write more concisely and think more critically (Farzan & Kraut, 2013)

Collaborate with students from around the world (Karney, 2012)

Provide and receive constructive feedback (Ibrahim, 2012)

Enhance digital literacy (Silton, 2012)Communicate ideas to a general audience (APS, 2013)

22,000

37,000+

97%

Students who have taken on Wikipedia assignments since 2010

New articles that students have created

Instructors who say they will, or plan to, teach with Wikipedia again

Why have students answer questions when they can write them?

StudentsTopicsQuestions

3510

1400

Free + Freedom

"GB Airways A320"by Tony Evans is licensed under CC BY-‐ND 2.0

"IMG_1007"by Erica is licensed under CC BY 2.0

@thatpsychprof

[email protected]

slideshare.net/thatpsychprofWWW