ontology-driven user interfaces csiro land and water | environmental information systems jonathan yu...
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Ontology-driven User InterfacesCSIRO LAND AND WATER | ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Jonathan Yu | Research software engineer | 21 June 2013
Jonathan
Tech Session: Ontology-driven User Interfaces
Ontology
EIS CLW
CSIRO
Person
Semantic Web
Organisation
Activity
Research Software Engineer
Role
Topic
User interface
design
Overview (Semantic view)
Jonathan
Tech Session: Ontology-driven User Interfaces
Ontology
EIS CLW
CSIRO
Person
Semantic Web
Organisation
Activity
Role
Topic
is-ais-a is-a
is-a
part-of part-of is-a
hostspresenter
is-a
is-ais-a
related to
related to
User interface
design
works as
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works in
Research Software Engineer
Presentation title | Presenter name
Overview
Problem
Recap of ontologies and semantic web
User interfaces: Rich Internet Applications
Ontology-driven user interfaces
3 |
Problem – NetCDF header example
float DetR_N(record, k_centre, j_centre, i_centre) ;DetR_N:tracer = "true" ;DetR_N:coordinates = "t, x_centre, y_centre,
z_centre" ;DetR_N:units = "mg N m-3" ;DetR_N:type = 4 ;
float Chl_MIM(time, latitude, longitude) ; Chl_MIM:_FillValue = -999.f ; Chl_MIM:long_name = "Chlorophyll concentration, MIM SVDC on Rrs" ; Chl_MIM:units = "ug/l" ;
Try to interpret these NetCDF metadata headers...
Presentation title | Presenter name
Problem – WDTF XML example
5 |
<wdtf:result> <wdtf:TimeSeries>
<wdtf:defaultInterpolationType>InstVal</wdtf:defaultInterpolationType> <wdtf:defaultUnitsOfMeasure>ML</wdtf:defaultUnitsOfMeasure> <wdtf:defaultQuality>quality-A</wdtf:defaultQuality> <wdtf:timeValuePair time="2009-03-11T01:29:35+10:00“>
232.2643 </wdtf:timeValuePair>
</wdtf:TimeSeries>
</wdtf:result>
Try to interpret this...
Problem
Semantics (meaning) are often kept implicit in syntax or in heads of people and can result in inconsistency, ambiguity, errors in the documentation, data, and software produced
SolutionFormalise semantics explicitly
Build tools to support its use in documentation, annotation of datasets, and software engineering activities
Presentation title | Presenter name
Ontologies enable specification of semantics
• concepts (classes and instances)
• the relationships between concepts
• set of logical assertions that apply
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Formalising ontologies as explicit artifacts
Provides:• context and the ability to precisely reference meaning• shared understanding of the semantics used between stakeholders• ability to leverage logics-based reasoning and querying• bind to / reuse of growing list of public ontologies
Using RDF-based ontology languages and vocabularies allow• Machine readable• Collection of truth statements and propositions• Draw inferences or possible states• “Web enabled”
RDF-based ontology languages are part of the semantic web stack
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Performing event detection over real-time sensor data using ontology-driven approaches | Jonathan Yu
The semantic web‘Status quo’ web : web of documents
The semantic web: web of data
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<a href...>
<a href...>
<a href...>
<a href...>
<a href...>
<a href...>
Melbourne
Australiagn:parentCountry
Victoriagn:parentFeature
gn:parentCountry
“-37.814”
“144.96332”
pos:lat
pos:long
Presentation title | Presenter name
Uses of RDF-based ontologies/vocabularies:Knowledge representationSome uses on the producer side...
1. Use ontologies to perform semantic annotation of datasets. • E.g. ML refers to the unit of measure, MegaLitres
2. Representing domain knowledge • e.g. Hydrological concepts - flow, rainfall
3. Promote consistency in your application• E.g. Black Mountain is a geospatial feature located in Canberra,
not the class of black coloured mountains
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Presentation title | Presenter name
Uses of RDF-based ontologies/vocabularies:Driving software applications and services
Some uses on the consumer side
1. Data Discovery and semantic search
2. Driving user interfaces
Have been doing this in some projects in varying degrees: eReefs, WDTS, Tools and Docs, SIRF, Geofabric
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Presentation title | Presenter name
The “www” today
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WebWebServer
Application Server
Web Apps
Humans
Computers / Machines
------------
XML / JSON / RDFNetCDF / SHP / etc.
HTML, AJAX, RIA
Presentation title | Presenter name
Web Applications: Modern UI Development
Modern web UI development for Rich Internet Applications (RIA)• HTML, XHTML, XML, CSS• PHP, JSP, Javascript• AJAX components
Frameworks for developing modern web applications• Javascript: jQuery, Dojo• Python: Django, web2py• Microsoft : Visual C# / ASP.NET• Java - JavaServer Faces based (JSF): RichFaces, ICEfaces
MyFaces, ADF Faces
Frameworks for generating RIA• Google Web Toolkit• Vaadin• Pyjamas
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Presentation title | Presenter name
Ontology-driven UI
• Some powerful ontology libraries available:– Ontology APIs, e.g. OWL-API, Jena– Semantic inference engines, e.g. Pellet– Rules engine, e.g. SPIN– SPARQL querying, e.g. Jena ARQ
• Not immediately usable by common web application frameworks
• Developed some wrappers using GWT to provide access to these libraries• https://github.com/jyucsiro/gwt-ontology-lib
• Demonstrate what is possible with ontology-driven UIs
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Presentation title | Presenter name
Ontology-driven UI using GWT Ontology Lib
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OWL-api ApacheJena
Pellet SPARQL
Inferences
SPIN
Queries Rules
OWL / RDF Interfaces
Web UI Framework: GWT(List boxes, portlets, trees, layouts, etc.)
Humans
HTML, AJAX, RIA
Web application server
RDF documents and triple stores
Presentation title | Presenter name
Examples using GWT Ontology Library
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LAND AND WATER
Thank you
Land and WaterJonathan YuResearch Software Engineert +61 3 9252 6440e [email protected] www.csiro.au/clw