1Marine CoatingsAll products supplied and technical recommendations given are subject to our conditions of sale.

OBM Painting Guide

Onboard Maintenance Painting Guide

2 Marine CoatingsAll products supplied and technical recommendations given are subject to our conditions of sale.

OBM Painting Guide

ContentsIntroduction and planning: 3

Surface preparation: 4 - 5

Paint application: 6 - 8

Health and safety: 9 - 10

3

Introduction

Onboard maintenance (OBM) of coating systems is important in maintaining the cosmetic appearance of your vessel, minimising the onset of corrosion and ensuring that your vessel stays in good condition which reduces the costs and time of scheduled dry dockings.This guide contains information on planning and carrying out OBM work efficiently and safely.

Intr

od

ucti

on

and

pla

nnin

gS

urfa

ce p

rep

arat

ion

Pai

nt a

pp

licat

ion

Hea

lth

and

saf

ety

Planning Maintenance painting onboard and alongside in port should be planned to maximise the efficient use of resources both in terms of crew time and in the volume of paint used.

A well planned maintenance programme that involves evaluation of the entire process, good record-keeping, and use of high performance coating materials can mean less time and money spent on OBM in the long run.

The success of any coating system relates directly to the level of care and attention paid to the fundamentals of good painting practice, particularly surface preparation, mixing of coating materials, and, of course, their application.

Furthermore, the paint locker should be well ordered, the racks and shelves clearly labelled by product name, and good stock rotation should be followed. Outdated, worn, and poorly maintained equipment for preparation and application can dramatically reduce the success of OBM painting.

Here is a simple checklist of good practices for improving onboard maintenance.

• Perform an audit of equipment and invest in newequipment as needed.

• Carry out an inventory of the paint, noting the age,coating type, and condition of the stock.

• EnsurethatacopyoftheOBMpaintspecificationiskeptonboard in an easily accessible and well-known place.

Once these steps have been taken, it is time to look at the critical vessel areas and the paint specification. The coating specification to be applied will be dependent upon the vessel area being treated and this will have an impact on planning the work. It is recommended that the vessel be sectioned off into small, manageable areas.

Key factors to consider are:

• Timebetweencoatsinamulticoatspecification• Timebeforeaccesstopaintedareasispossible

The technical data sheets for the products to be used provide the following information:

• Touchdrytime• Harddrytime• Minimumandmaximumovercoatingtime• Workinglife(potlife)fortwocomponentproducts–(pot

life, in practical terms, is the time from combining the components of a two component product to the point at which the mixed paint is no longer usable)

• Equipmentcleaners

An OBM planning meeting

4 Marine CoatingsAll products supplied and technical recommendations given are subject to our conditions of sale.

OBM Painting Guide

• Steel preparation–For OBM,International®recommends that a standard of at least St2 thorough hand and power tool cleaning is achieved for bare steel areas. The existing coating should be taken back to a sound edge and the edges should be “feathered” back using a combination of manual methods:

• Hard scraping or slicing –thisiscarriedoutwithvarious types of scraper. Scrapers are useful for removing loose material.

• Chipping hammers or chisels – chipping canbe carried out using a wide variety of hammers or chisels, best results are obtained if chipping is followed by secondary preparation such as wire brushing.

• Wire brushing can remove loose contamination, but it is ineffective at removing scale and deep seated corrosion.

Surface preparation

The single most important function which can influence paint performance is the quality of the surface preparation. The importance of removing oil, grease, old coatings, rust and other surface contaminants cannot be over stressed.

The following process is recommended:

• Freshwater wash–toremoveallsaltcontamination.This is best achieved using something like a fan jet lance or a power washer if available

• Degrease–toremoveallsurfacegreaseandoil.Thisis usually done using rags or brushes soaked in solvent. If a painted surface is to be degreased without being damaged, a solvent must be chosen which will not dissolve the paint film.

Freshwater washing

Hard scraping

Intr

od

ucti

on

and

pla

nnin

gS

urfa

ce p

rep

arat

ion

Pai

nt a

pp

licat

ion

Hea

lth

and

saf

ety

5

Power tool methods of surface preparation

Power tools used for cleaning fall into two basic categories –rotarycleaningtoolsandimpactcleaningtools.

• Rotary wire brushing using “braided” wire wheels Radial brushes are used for preparing awkward areas suchascornersorweldseams.Cupbrushesaremoreoften used for preparing large areas.

• Rotary discing cleaning of a surface is achieved by coated abrasive discs attached to angle grinders or by using abrasive flap wheels attached to straight or in-line tools.

Rotary discing

Rotary wire brushes

For both rotary wire brushing and rotary discing, the surface must not be polished and it is essential that a surface profile is created.

• Clean down – The prepared area should have anyresidual dust, paint flakes and debris removed by brushing or vacuuming. Paint application should begin as soon as possible after cleaning to prevent deterioration of the prepared surface.

Intr

od

ucti

on

and

pla

nnin

gS

urfa

ce p

rep

arat

ion

Pai

nt a

pp

licat

ion

Hea

lth

and

saf

ety

6 Marine CoatingsAll products supplied and technical recommendations given are subject to our conditions of sale.

OBM Painting Guide

Paint application Paint mixing

Before use, paints should be mixed well, following the instructions on the technical data sheet.

• Thinning–thinningofpaintisnotrecommended.Followthe guidelines on the technical data sheet.

• Film thickness – it is important to apply the specifiedwet film thickness. This should be measured using a comb gauge.

Brush selection

Application by brush is recommended for patch priming and repair work to ensure good wetting of the substrate. This is essential when painting over manually prepared surfaces.

• Thechoiceofbrushwilldependupon theapplicationrequired and the quality of finish to be achieved.

• Flatsquareendbrushes,oftencalledwallbrushes,areused on flat areas. Angular cut ‘sash’ brushes 2” - 3” (5cm - 8cm) wide are used on narrow surfaces, and round or elliptical section brushes are used on irregular shapes such as nuts and bolts.

• Brusheswithangledheadsandlonghandlesareusedfor painting the backs of stiffening bars and other inaccessible areas in tanks.

Brush application

• Brushesshouldnotbedippedintothepaintmorethanhalf the length of their bristles, the aim is to load the brush with enough paint to get some work done, but not too much so the paint drips and splatters.

• Theappliedpaintshouldspreadevenlyusingsmooth,steady strokes then be smoothed by light parallel strokes to eliminate irregularities.

• Onflat,verticalsurfaces, it isbest tofinally layoff thepaint in a vertical direction because this will reduce the tendency of the paint to run or sag.

• Applicatorsshouldeitherbeadvisedtoapplyasingle“thick” coat or multiple thin coats which can be applied when the paint is touch dry if the area is accessible.

• Particularattentionshouldbepaidinensuringthattheapplied paint is brushed into the bottom of pitted areas of steel and that the edges of nuts, etc are well coated.

Wetfilmthicknessshouldbemeasuredwithacombgauge

Flat and round ended paint brushes

The brush should be held like a pencil

Intr

od

ucti

on

and

pla

nnin

gS

urfa

ce p

rep

arat

ion

Pai

nt a

pp

licat

ion

Hea

lth

and

saf

ety

7

Roller selection

• Rollersareuseful forapplyingpaint to largeflatareassuch as tank tops, vertical sides, walkways and deck areas.

• Ashortbristledbrushismorepracticalforbadlypittedand rough steel, because paint can be worked into the profile of the steel.

• Rollerapplicationrequires lessskill frompainters thanbrush application.

• Themostcommonrollerfabricsusedarelamb’swooland mohair. Synthetic foam rollers have no role to play in the marine industry, they are prone to dissolve in the type of solvents used in heavy duty coatings and can swell and distort.

• Rollercoversvaryindiameter,length,typeoffabricandfibre length. Small diameter rollers are used for areas of awkward or difficult access, but the most common sizes are 1½” - 2” (4 - 5cm). Length can be anything from 1” to 18” (2.5 - 46cm), but the 9” length (23cm) is most popular.

Roller application

• Pitted areas should be touched up by brush beforeroller application.

• Immersetherollerintothepainttray,rollitinthepaintuntil fully saturated, and then roll it back and forth on the tray ramp to remove all excess material.

• Thisnotonlyavoidstheproblemsofdripsandsplatters,but ensures that the roller is fully wetted and that air is removed from the fibre pile.

Roller application

Roller sleeves

Intr

od

ucti

on

and

pla

nnin

gS

urfa

ce p

rep

arat

ion

Pai

nt a

pp

licat

ion

Hea

lth

and

saf

ety

• Paintshouldthenbeappliedtothesurfacebyforminga ‘W’or ‘M’shape in theareatobecoated.The‘W’or ‘M’ shape area should then be filled by rolling back and forth until it is covered, with finished rolling in one direction so that appearance is uniform.

• It is difficult to achieve high thickness in singlecoats; multiple applications can be required to meet specifications.

• Over rolling cancausepaint pick-up,particularlywithfast drying coatings. This is often associated with serious entrapment of air.

• Analternativetousingpainttraysistoputarollergridin the paint bucket or paint tin and work out excess material on this. This can allow the painter to work from ladders or scaffolds.

8 Marine CoatingsAll products supplied and technical recommendations given are subject to our conditions of sale.

OBM Painting Guide

Comparison table

The following table gives a simple comparison between brush and roller paint application:

Advantages Disadvantages

Brush Good for small, complex areas

They require more coats to achieve film thickness

Inexpensive equipment

Minimal wastage

Roller Faster than brushing

They require more coats to achieve correct film thickness

Good for large flat areas

Possibility of uneven film thickness

Weather conditions

• Usuallyitisnotpossibletopaintwetsurfaces,ifrainisforecast then exterior maintenance painting should be abandoned or suitable covering should be installed over the areas in question, condensation also needs to be avoided.

• Condensationisformedwhenthesteeltemperatureislower than the atmospheric dew point; providing that the steel temperature is at least 3°C higher than themeasured dew point then condensation is unlikely to occur and painting can proceed.

• Extremeweatherconditionscanalsocauseproblemsduring maintenance painting activities. Technical data sheets should be consulted during planning of any maintenance painting work:

• Below 5°C the curing of two pack paints such asepoxies and polyurethanes can be slowed down.

• Paintswhichdrybysolventevaporationsuchasalkydsandacrylicscanbeusedbelow0°Cprovidedthatthesurface is free of frost and ice.

• Above30°Csolventcanevaporateveryquicklywhichcan result in difficulties in brushing and rollering of paint.

Intr

od

ucti

on

and

pla

nnin

gS

urfa

ce p

rep

arat

ion

Pai

nt a

pp

licat

ion

Hea

lth

and

saf

ety

9

Health and safety

The primary source of health and safety information is the product Material Safety Data Sheet; these are available for all International Marine products from:

http://www.international-marine.com/products/msds.aspx

International®alsopublishesasecondarysourceofhealthand safety information in the form of simple one page safety advice sheets, which are designed to help paint applicators, for example.

Safety advice sheets for marine products are available from:

http://www.international-marine.com/supportadvice/safety-advice-sheets.aspx

The following notes give some very basic advice on health and safety when using International Marine paint:

Health hazards

• Over exposure can lead to irritation of the eyes andrespiratory system. Excessive exposure can result inheadache, nausea, dizziness and drowsiness and in extreme cases even loss of consciousness. Splashes in the eye will cause discomfort and possible damage. Prolonged contact with skin can lead to skin irritation and in some cases dermatitis.

Health precautions

• Inhalation–avoidbreathingvapours;workinwellventilated areas and if necessary use local ventilation methods such as respirator masks.

• Eye contact–avoidsplashesintheeyebywearingsuitable safety goggles or glasses.

• Skin contact–avoidskincontactbywearingsuitable clothing and gloves. Barrier creams are not an acceptable alternative to the proper choice of glove.

• Ingestion - whilst there is little hazard by this route during onboard maintenance painting, do not eat whilst handling paint.

First aid

• Inhalation–removethesufferertofreshair, keep warm and rest.

• Eye contact–washwithplentyofclean,freshwaterfor at least ten minutes holding the eyelids apart.

• Skin contact–removeanycontaminatedclothing;wash the skin thoroughly with a proprietary skin cleanser.DONOTUSESOLVENTS.

• Ingestion–donotinducevomiting,seekmedicaladvice.

• General–inallcasesofdoubtseekmedicalattention.

Marine & Protective Coatings safety advice sheet

This contains basic health, safety and environmental information that is important for the actual user of the product. It does not replace the Material Safety Data Sheet.

Official Advisory Body Tel. No. For Advice to Doctors & Hospitals Only +44 (0)870 600 6266 Country 24 Hr. Emergency Tel. No. Country 24 Hr. Emergency Tel. No. Australia +61 (0) 1 800 807 001 Sweden 112 WM/Interlac 665/DS Finland +358 (0) 9 471 977 Turkey +90 (0) 216 574 31 91 January 2004 Portugal +351 (0) 65 702 025 UK & Rest of World +44 (0) 191 469 6111

Product Name: Interlac 665 Ref No: 0015

Revision Number 1

Use/Application An alkyd cosmetic coating for use in non-immersed areas. May be applied by airless spray, conventional spray, brush or roller.

Safety Dangers This paint contains solvents. When used or spilt it will release solvent vapours which may catch fire or explode.

Health Dangers If breathed in, solvents may cause headaches and dizziness and long term nervous system damage. Paint in the eyes will cause irritation. Repeated splashes on the skin may cause irritation, loss of fat and skin damage (dermatitis).

Control Measures Extraction/Local Extract Ventilation: When paint is used anywhere inside a confined space or area with limited ventilation on a ship or inside a building, forced extraction with fans must be used to stop solvent from creating an explosive mixture and to reduce the solvent concentration that people may breathe in.

Ignition: Cigarettes, lighters, matches, welding or cutting torches, grinding and all electrical equipment except approved spark proof lights must be kept well away from paint mixing and paint application.

Personal Protective Equipment

Lungs (Inhalation) The sprayer and assistant should always wear a cartridge respirator. Other people who can smell paint should also wear a cartridge respirator or carbon mask unless they are sure the solvent concentration is below the national occupational exposure limit (OES). Cartridge respirators and carbon masks become less efficient with time and should be replaced periodically. (Follow respirator manufacturers recommendations).

Eyes: Wear safety glasses or goggles or a face shield at all times when mixing, spraying, rolling or brushing paint.

Skin: Wear an overall with full length sleeves and legs. Wear solvent resistant ‘rubber’ gloves (long sleeve). Wear safety boots. Make sure there is no gap at wrist and ankles. Change and wash the overall as appropriate and at least twice a week. If paint is able to pass through the overall, replace it. Wear a hard hat. Protect face skin with barrier cream (not petroleum jelly). Gloves should be replaced periodically.

Hygiene/Cleanliness: Always wash hands before eating, smoking or going to the toilet. Paint transferred from the hands to other parts of the body can cause damage. Have a shower at the end of the working day.

Breathing/Dizziness: If inhaled, quickly take the person to a place with fresh air. Lie them down and keep them warm. If breathing has stopped, give them artificial respiration (the ‘kiss of life’). If breathing is difficult give oxygen. Seek medical attention.

First Aid (In case of doubt seek Medical Advice)

Eyes: Give rapid assistance by holding the eyelids apart and washing with clean fresh water for at least 15 minutes. Afterwards seek medical attention (some paints stick to the eyes and need UV light to be seen and specialist cleaning to remove all traces of paint).

Skin: Quickly remove clothing and wash skin with soap and water or a special skin cleaner. DO NOT use solvents (thinner/equipment cleaner).

Mouth: If paint is accidentally swallowed quickly get a doctor or take the person to a hospital, DO NOT make the person vomit/be sick unless instructed to do so by medical personnel. If conscious they should drink as much water as possible. Never give anything by mouth to an unconscious person.

Spillage: Put sand/earth around spills to stop them getting into drains or rivers or the sea. Absorb the paint with more sand/earth and send to a special waste dump/treatment works. Other

Emergencies Fire: Fight fire with foam (large fires); Powder, CO2 foam (small fires).

Waste Disposal Follow local regulatory requirements.

Important Note The Product Data Sheet, the Material Safety Data Sheet and the package labelling together form an integral information system about this product. Copies of the Product Data Sheet and the Material Safety Data Sheet are available from International Paint on request or from our Internet sites: http//www.international-marine.com & http//www.international-pc.com

or

or

+ + +

In

tro

duc

tio

n an

d p

lann

ing

Sur

face

pre

par

atio

nP

aint

ap

plic

atio

nH

ealt

h an

d s

afet

y

10 Marine CoatingsAll products supplied and technical recommendations given are subject to our conditions of sale.

OBM Painting Guide

For further information:

Call: +44 (0)191 469 6111

Fax: +44 (0)191 495 2003

Send an email: marine.communication@akzonobel.com

Fire and safety precautions

• Storage–usuallypaintshouldbestoredindry,shaded conditions away from heat and ignition sources. Specific conditions can be found on individual product technical data sheets.

• Ventilation–theuseofsuitableventilationduringpainting operations should be promoted.

• Ignition –paintingshouldonlybeundertakenwhenall naked lights and unprotected electrical equipment have been removed from the area.

• Waste disposal–anywasteshouldbedealtwithinaccordance with prevalent local requirements.

Personal protective equipment

The following equipment should be used during onboard maintenance painting:

• Overalls• Fluorescentorhighvisibilityvestorjacket• Hearingprotection• Dustmask

Safety helmet

Gloves or gauntlets

Overalls

Safety goggles Safety spectacles

Dust mask

Life jacket

Safety boots and/or shoes

Face mask and cartridge filters

Hearing protection

Fluorescent or high visibility vest or jacket

Fall arrest safety harnessand lanyard

The following should also be available as appropriate:

• Lifejacket,ifworkingoverwater

• Afallarrestsafetyharnessandlanyardifworkingatheight

Intr

od

ucti

on

and

pla

nnin

gS

urfa

ce p

rep

arat

ion

Pai

nt a

pp

licat

ion

Hea

lth

and

saf

ety

11

International Paint Ltd,Stoneygate Lane, FellingGateshead,NE100JYUnitedKingdom

Call: +44 (0)191 469 6111

Fax: +44 (0)191 495 2003

Send an email:

marine.communication@akzonobel.com

Visit our website:

www.international-marine.com

Sign up to keep up to date with our latest news visitwww.international-marine.com/signup

Follow us

Important Notes:

All products supplied and technical advice or recommendations given are subject to our standard ConditionsofSale. The contents of this leaflet are for information purposes only and no representation or warranty of any kindisgiveninrelationtoanyoftheinformationoropinionsexpressedinit.Whilstwehavemadeallreasonable efforts to ensure that statements appearing in this leaflet are accurate, we disclaim all liability and responsibility arising from any reliance placed on the information, advice and opinions contained in this leaflet.

andInternational®andallproductsmentionedinthispublicationaretrademarksof,orarelicensedto,AkzoNobel. © AkzoNobel, 2012

International Paint Ltd is part of AkzoNobel,the Netherlands based company servingcustomers throughout the world withcoatings and chemicals.

Whenyouhavefinished with this brochure, pass iton to a colleague or recycle