on-site sewage disposal systems · historical background pre-civilization 735 bc rome the first...
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OnOn--Site Sewage Site Sewage Disposal SystemsDisposal Systems
Santa Barbara CountySanta Barbara CountyEnvironmental Health ServicesEnvironmental Health Services
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On-Site Sewage Disposal Systems
HistoryStandard Septic SystemsRegulation and Inspection of Septic SystemsSeptic System Upgrades and Maintenance Available Resources
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Historical BackgroundPre-civilization735 BC Rome
The first sewer system 1370 AD France
The first covered sewer was constructed1539 AD France
Cesspools were ordered to be built foreach new dwelling constructed
1849-1854 LondonOver 20,000 people died from cholera
1897 EnglandThe first tank to be patented as a septic tank was introduced
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Today
Today 25% - 30% of U.S. households use onsite or individual septic disposal systems (OSDS or ISDS)
One-half million new systems per year
Only 32% of the total land suitable soil for septic system siting
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Standard Septic SystemsAn onsite septic disposal system is like a small sewage treatment plant
Septic tankPrimary treatment by anaerobic bacteriaDisposal fieldSecondary treatment through aerobic and an aerobic bacterial action
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Onsite septic disposal system
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Disposal Fields
Approved methodsLeach lines
Drywells
Currently UnapprovedSeepage Pits
Cesspools
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Ground Surface
Backfill Soil
Perforated Pipe Leach Line
Washed GravelOriginal Soil
Effluent from tank entering disposal field
Leach Lines
Always the first choice
Aerobic bacteria
Evapo-transpiration
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Ground
Buildingpaper
Gravel
From septic tank
Dry Well
Soil
Drywells
Deep disposal
Less area required for installation
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Regulatory AuthorityAuthorityPermit typesServicing (pumping)
Voluntary servicingMandatory reportingLicensed pumpersRecommended frequency
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Inspection ReportsRecord system deficiencies
Corroded concreteLack of risersConditions that may be hazardous
Report to homeowners and EHS (within 30 days)Qualified inspectors
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Typical Problems
Terms on a septic system inspection form
Structural and operational problems
Solutions
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Mandated System UpgradesModifications*
Cesspools and hollow seepage pitsAbandonment/DestructionConversion to drywell
Adding system componentsSeptic tankDisposal field
Upgrading failed systems to current standards
*Permit Required
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Mandated System Upgrades (continued)
Repairing deteriorated concrete corroded baffleslidstopsinadequate access to tank (unable to inspect)
Retrofitting access risers to reach grade level
Note: No permit required from EHS for these repairs, but report of maintenance to EHS is required.
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lid* teesellbaffle plate*sewer lateral*
* mandatory repair or replacement
Maintenance and ServiceMaintenance means replacement of any septic tank components:
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Care and Feeding
Management of the system is the key Have the tank inspected and pumped every 3 to 5 years
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Keep RecordsSystem locations on your property
Map or drawings triangulate off house feature
History of servicing and inspection
Inspection reportsPermits for system
repair or expansion
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Check for Signs
Sewage surfacing over the drain field
Soggy, very green areas
Sewage back-ups in the house
Slow draining toilets or drains
Sewage odors
Be alert to signs of a failing system
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Never inspect a septic tank alone!
Never enter a septic tank, NEVER!Toxic, DEADLY gases can be present in septic tanks!
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Bath 9 %
Clothes Washer 22 %
Faucets 12 %
Shower 21 %
Toilet 28 %(Blackwater)
Dishwasher 3 %
Toilet leaks 5 %
What goes into a septic tank?
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Septic system additives are notrecommended
Do Not Flush
cigarette buttspaper towelsdisposable diapersfeminine products
Materials difficult to break down
pesticidespaintswaste oil
Hazardous materials
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Graywater SystemsGraywater is considered waste water. It consists of:
ONLY water from bathtubs, showers, bathroom sinks, clothes washing machines, and laundry tubsNO toilet water, kitchen sink or dishwasher water
Graywater systems must be permitted
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Future Changes and Benefits
Assembly Bill 885 (enacted 9/27/00)Additional regulations
Phase III septic system ordinance review
Potential local code changesSpecial state funding
Septic System Sanitary Survey ProjectSeptic to sewer conversion loan program
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More Future Changes and Benefits
Loan program elementsFunding for:
Proper abandonment of septic system
Installation of sewer lateral
Connection to sanitary district sewer mains
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Even More Future Changes and Benefits
Additional incentivesReduced or eliminated permit costs and connection fees (not for all districts)
Low interest rate (2-3%)
Discounts from septic system contractors
Most or all costs may be tax deductible
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Ask for your District Specialist
(805) 681-4900 South County
(805) 346-8460 North County
Website: www. sbcphd.org/ehsEmail: [email protected]
Environmental Health Services
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