On Factors Affecting the Usage and Adoption of aNation-wide TV Streaming Service

Dmytro Karamshuk1, Nishanth Sastry1, Jigna Chandaria2, Andy Secker2

1King's College London, 2BBC R&D

CD-GAIN: EPSRC project in collaboration with BBC R&D, http://bit.ly/cd-gain

CISCO Visual Networking IndexVideo usage is exploding…

• Video traffic is predicted to reach 79% by 2018

• Three-fourths of mobile traffic will be video by 2019

Users have a lot of choice in Video Access

Devices

Pricing models

Operators

• Different networks 3G/4G and WiFioften both together

• Different Pricing (unlimited and limited

data plans)

• Different devices (phones, tablets, PCs, Game Consoles, TVs, etc.)

We need to study the whole ecosystem to understand user choices

Users - 32 M/month

IP address – 20 M/month

Sessions - 1.9 Billion

May 2013 – Jan 2014

≈ 50% of population

First-mile View of the UK’s IP-ecosystem

UK Population – 64M

Only available in UK[ISPs are comparable]

[

Different perspectives on IP ecosystem

very large scale

cross ISPs view

DISCHINGER et al. [IMC’ 2007] SUNDARESAN et al. [ACM

CCR‘2011]KREIBICH et al. [IMC’ 2010]SÁNCHEZ et al. [NSDI’2013]

XU et al. [ACM CCR’2005]KARAGIANNIS et al. [ACM

CCR’2005]MAIER et al. [IMC ‘2009]

MOORE et al. [ACNM‘2005]

Last-mile:End-user

Middle Mile:Internet Service Provider

First Mile: Popular Website

small scale, highly sampled

single ISP single app

Longitudinal View across ISPsFixed-line Internet market (5 representative providers)

Mobile market is more dynamic than the fixed-line Internet market

Mobile Internet market (5 representative providers)

Data caps decrease market share

All-you-can-eat data(M1, M5)

Limited-cap data packages(M2 – M4)

All-you-can-eat plans boost user consumption

Temporal Patterns in different ISPsFixed-line accesses (F1-F5) peaks in the evening

Mobile users watch more during commutes

Fixed

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Mobile Data Pricing and Behavior

+ =

Unlimited data plans (M1, M5) is a superposition of both

Fixed

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obile

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Mob

ile, u

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More on Behavior: How Users Navigate across Content

Mobile users navigate more

Per user activity levels Per user completion ratio

… but complete less

Completing Watching across ISPs

Users complete watching across different sessions and networks

Fixed-line ISPs Mobile ISPs

Per user completion ratio

Speculative Content Pre-fetching

Pre-fetch at home Watch during commutes

Speculative pre-fetching can save up to 50% of mobile traffic

Prefetching does not work for Live Content

Ok, because live is low volume

We can provision for sport events in advance

… except for special sport events

We need to provide Infrastructural Support

DevicesPricing modelsOperators

Infrastructural Support

Impact of Infrastructural SupportAverage per-user # sessions

Infrastructural support is important

Correlation with Ofcom statistics

Conclusion• mobile market is dynamic and all-you-can-eatboosts user consumption

• mobile consumption peaks duringcommutes• mobile content pre-fetching can save up to 50% ofmobile data except for special events

• infrastructural support is important to boost userconsumption

Dmytro KaramshukKing's College London

follow me on Twitter: @karamshuk

Check out our another INFOCOM’2015 paper:ISP-friendly Peer-assisted On-demand Streaming of Long

Duration Content in BBC iPlayer